Windows API 第四篇 文件操作

创建或打开文件（也可用于打开管道，油槽，硬件设备等）：

HANDLE CreateFile(
  LPCTSTR lpFileName,                         // file name
  DWORD dwDesiredAccess,                      // access mode
  DWORD dwShareMode,            // share mode
  LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpSecurityAttributes, // SD
  DWORD dwCreationDisposition,                // how to create
  DWORD dwFlagsAndAttributes,                 // file attributes
  HANDLE hTemplateFile          // handle to template file
);
参数说明：
lpFileName:文件名
dwDesiredAccess：对文件的打开模式，取值有：GENERIC_READ或者GENERIC_WRITE或者 0
 dwShareMode： 文件的共享模式，FILE_SHARE_READ   FILE_SHARE_WRITE   FILE_SHARE_DELETE
 lpSecurityAttributes： 指向 SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES结构的安全属性，可指定返回句柄是否可被继承
 dwCreationDisposition： Specifies which action to take on files that exist, and which action to take 
when files do not exist. For more information about this parameter, see the 
Remarks section. This parameter must be one of the following values. 

CREATE_NEW	Creates a new file. The function fails if the specified file already exists.
CREATE_ALWAYS	Creates a new file. If the file exists, the function overwrites the file, clears the existing attributes, and combines the file attributes and flags specified by dwFlagsAndAttributes with FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ARCHIVE.
OPEN_EXISTING	Opens the file. The function fails if the file does not exist. For a discussion of why you should use the OPEN_EXISTING flag if you are using the CreateFile function for devices, see Remarks.
OPEN_ALWAYS	Opens the file, if it exists. If the file does not exist, the function creates the file as if dwCreationDisposition were CREATE_NEW.
TRUNCATE_EXISTING	Opens the file. Once opened, the file is truncated so that its size is zero bytes. The calling process must open the file with at least GENERIC_WRITE access. The function fails if the file does not exist.

  

 dwFlagsAndAttributes：文件属性取值有FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ARCHIVE，FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ENCRYPTED，FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL，FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NOT_CONTENT_INDEXED，FILE_ATTRIBUTE_OFFLINE，FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY
FILE_ATTRIBUTE_SYSTEM， FILE_ATTRIBUTE_TEMPORARY

返回值：成功返回句柄，失败返回INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE

读文件:
BOOL ReadFile(
  HANDLE hFile,                // handle to file
  LPVOID lpBuffer,             // data buffer
  DWORD nNumberOfBytesToRead,  // number of bytes to read
  LPDWORD lpNumberOfBytesRead, // number of bytes read
  LPOVERLAPPED lpOverlapped    // overlapped buffer
);

返回值：失败返回FALSE，成功赶回TRUE；

写文件：
BOOL WriteFile(
  HANDLE hFile,                    // handle to file
  LPCVOID lpBuffer,                // data buffer
  DWORD nNumberOfBytesToWrite,     // number of bytes to write
  LPDWORD lpNumberOfBytesWritten,  // number of bytes written
  LPOVERLAPPED lpOverlapped        // overlapped buffer
);

返回值:

If the function succeeds, the return value is nonzero.

If the function fails, the return value is zero. To get extended error information, call GetLastError.

复制文件:

BOOL CopyFile( LPCTSTR lpExistingFileName, // name of an existing file 

                            LPCTSTR lpNewFileName, // name of new file 

                            BOOL bFailIfExists // operation if file exists );

返回值:成功返回非0,失败返回0

删除文件:
BOOL DeleteFile(
  LPCTSTR lpFileName   // file name
);
只需提供文件名即可,成功返回非0,失败返回0

判断某一文件或目录是否存在:
BOOL PathFileExists(
    LPCTSTR pszPath
    );

pszPath

[in] Pointer to a null-terminated string of maximum length MAX_PATH that contains the full path of the object to verify.

返回值:

Returns TRUE if the file exists, or FALSE otherwise. Call GetLastError for extended error information.

获取文件大小:

DWORD GetFileSize(
  HANDLE hFile,           // handle to file
  LPDWORD lpFileSizeHigh  // high-order word of file size
);
返回文件低32位,高32位为第二个参数,第二个参数一般为NULL


获取文件名：
short GetFileTitle(
  LPCTSTR lpszFile,  // path and file name
  LPTSTR lpszTitle,  // file name buffer
  WORD cbBuf         // length of buffer
);

Parameters

lpszFile

[in] Pointer to the name and location of a file.

lpszTitle

[out] Pointer to a buffer that receives the name of the file.

cbBuf

[in] Specifies the length, in TCHARs, of the buffer pointed to by the lpszTitle parameter. For the ANSI version of the function, this is in bytes; for the Unicode version, this is in characters.

Return Values

If the function succeeds, the return value is zero.

If the file name is invalid, the return value is unknown. If there is an error, the return value is a negative number