题目链接: https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/reverse-nodes-in-k-group/
题目描述:
给出一个链表，每 k 个节点一组进行翻转，并返回翻转后的链表。
k 是一个正整数，它的值小于或等于链表的长度。如果节点总数不是 k 的整数倍，那么将最后剩余节点保持原有顺序。
示例:
示例 :
给定这个链表：1->2->3->4->5
当 k = 2 时，应当返回: 2->1->4->3->5
当 k = 3 时，应当返回: 3->2->1->4->5
说明 :
- 你的算法只能使用常数的额外空间。
- 你不能只是单纯的改变节点内部的值，而是需要实际的进行节点交换。
思路:
思路一:
用栈,我们把k个数压入栈中,然后弹出来的顺序就是翻转的!
这里要注意几个问题
第一,剩下的链表个数够不够k个(因为不够k个不用翻转);
第二,已经翻转的部分要与剩下链表连接起来
思路二:
尾插法
直接举个例子: k = 3
pre
tail head
dummy 1 2 3 4 5
# 我们用tail 移到要翻转的部分最后一个元素
pre head tail
dummy 1 2 3 4 5
cur
# 我们尾插法的意思就是,依次把cur移到tail后面
pre tail head
dummy 2 3 1 4 5
cur
# 依次类推
pre tail head
dummy 3 2 1 4 5
cur
....
思路3:
递归
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代码:
思路1:
栈
python
# Definition for singly-linked list.
# class ListNode:
# def __init__(self, x):
# self.val = x
# self.next = None
class Solution:
def reverseKGroup(self, head: ListNode, k: int) -> ListNode:
dummy = ListNode(0)
p = dummy
while True:
count = k
stack = []
tmp = head
while count and tmp:
stack.append(tmp)
tmp = tmp.next
count -= 1
# 注意,目前tmp所在k+1位置
# 说明剩下的链表不够k个,跳出循环
if count :
p.next = head
break
# 翻转操作
while stack:
p.next = stack.pop()
p = p.next
#与剩下链表连接起来
p.next = tmp
head = tmp
return dummy.next
java
/**
* Definition for singly-linked list.
* public class ListNode {
* int val;
* ListNode next;
* ListNode(int x) { val = x; }
* }
*/
class Solution {
public ListNode reverseKGroup(ListNode head, int k) {
Deque<ListNode> stack = new ArrayDeque<ListNode>();
ListNode dummy = new ListNode(0);
ListNode p = dummy;
while (true) {
int count = 0;
ListNode tmp = head;
while (tmp != null && count < k) {
stack.add(tmp);
tmp = tmp.next;
count++;
}
if (count != k) {
p.next = head;
break;
}
while (!stack.isEmpty()){
p.next = stack.pollLast();
p = p.next;
}
p.next = tmp;
head = tmp;
}
return dummy.next;
}
}
思路2:
尾插法
# Definition for singly-linked list.
# class ListNode:
# def __init__(self, x):
# self.val = x
# self.next = None
class Solution:
def reverseKGroup(self, head: ListNode, k: int) -> ListNode:
dummy = ListNode(0)
dummy.next = head
pre = dummy
tail = dummy
while True:
count = k
while count and tail:
count -= 1
tail = tail.next
if not tail: break
head = pre.next
while pre.next != tail:
cur = pre.next # 获取下一个元素
# pre与cur.next连接起来,此时cur(孤单)掉了出来
pre.next = cur.next
cur.next = tail.next # 和剩余的链表连接起来
tail.next = cur #插在tail后面
# 改变 pre tail 的值
pre = head
tail = head
return dummy.next
java
/**
* Definition for singly-linked list.
* public class ListNode {
* int val;
* ListNode next;
* ListNode(int x) { val = x; }
* }
*/
class Solution {
public ListNode reverseKGroup(ListNode head, int k) {
ListNode dummy = new ListNode(0);
dummy.next = head;
ListNode pre = dummy;
ListNode tail = dummy;
while (true) {
int count = 0;
while (tail != null && count != k) {
count++;
tail = tail.next;
}
if (tail == null) break;
ListNode head1 = pre.next;
while (pre.next != tail) {
ListNode cur = pre.next;
pre.next = cur.next;
cur.next = tail.next;
tail.next = cur;
}
pre = head1;
tail = head1;
}
return dummy.next;
}
}
思路3:
递归
python
# Definition for singly-linked list.
# class ListNode:
# def __init__(self, x):
# self.val = x
# self.next = None
class Solution:
def reverseKGroup(self, head: ListNode, k: int) -> ListNode:
cur = head
count = 0
while cur and count!= k:
cur = cur.next
count += 1
if count == k:
cur = self.reverseKGroup(cur, k)
while count:
tmp = head.next
head.next = cur
cur = head
head = tmp
count -= 1
head = cur
return head
java
/**
* Definition for singly-linked list.
* public class ListNode {
* int val;
* ListNode next;
* ListNode(int x) { val = x; }
* }
*/
class Solution {
public ListNode reverseKGroup(ListNode head, int k) {
ListNode cur = head;
int count = 0;
while (cur != null && count != k) {
cur = cur.next;
count++;
}
if (count == k) {
cur = reverseKGroup(cur, k);
while (count != 0) {
count--;
ListNode tmp = head.next;
head.next = cur;
cur = head;
head = tmp;
}
head = cur;
}
return head;
}