• Embeded linux之probe


    一、基于linux-3.18.20、mac驱动

    二、启动时机:

      所谓的"probe”,是指在Linux内核中,如果存在相同名称的device和device_driver,内核就会执行device_driver中的probe回调函数,而该函数就是所有driver的入口,可以执行诸如硬件设备初始化、字符设备注册、设备文件操作ops注册等动作("remove”是它的反操作,发生在device或者device_driver任何一方从内核注销时。

    • 将struct device类型的变量注册到内核中时自动触发(device_register,device_add,device_create_vargs,device_create)
    • 将struct device_driver类型的变量注册到内核中时自动触发(driver_register)
    • 手动查找同一bus下的所有device_driver,如果有和指定device同名的driver,执行probe操作(device_attach)
    • 手动查找同一bus下的所有device,如果有和指定driver同名的device,执行probe操作(driver_attach)
    • 自行调用driver的probe接口,并在该接口中将该driver绑定到某个device结构中----即设置dev->driver(device_bind_driver)

    三、流程

      3.1 注册平台驱动

      ret = platform_driver_register(&usrmac_dev_driver);

      #define platform_driver_register(drv) platform_driver_register(drv, THIS_MODULE)

      __platform_driver_register(drv, THIS_MODULE)

      {

        ...

        return driver_register(&drv->driver);

      }

      int driver_attach(struct device_driver *drv)

      {

        ...

        ret = bus_add_driver(drv);

        ...

      }

      int bus_add_driver(struct device_driver *drv)

      {

        ...

        return bus_for_each_dev(drv->bus, NULL, drv, __driver_attach);

        ...

      }

      本函数没有给__driver_attach传递参数。

      int bus_for_each_dev(struct bus_type *bus, struct device *start, void *data, int (*fn)(struct device *, void *))

      {

        ....

        klist_iter_init_node(&bus->p->klist_devices, &i,(start ? &start->p->knode_bus : NULL));

        while ((dev = next_device(&i)) && !error)
          error = fn(dev, data);

        ....

      }

      分支一:赋值i->i_klist、i->i_cur

      因为start为NULL,故传递的第三个参数n为NULL

      void klist_iter_init_node(struct klist *k, struct klist_iter *i,

      struct klist_node *n)
      {
        i->i_klist = k;
        i->i_cur = n;
        if (n)
          kref_get(&n->n_ref);
      }

      其中

      i->i_klist = k = &bus->p->klist_devices

      i->i_cur = n = (start ? &start->p->knode_bus : NULL) = NULL;

      分之二:

      static struct device *next_device(struct klist_iter *i)

      {
        struct klist_node *n = klist_next(i);
        struct device *dev = NULL;
        struct device_private *dev_prv;

        if (n)

        {
          dev_prv = to_device_private_bus(n);
          dev = dev_prv->device;
        }
        return dev;
      }

      #define to_device_private_bus(obj)  container_of(obj, struct device_private, knode_bus)

      参数:

      i为

      struct klist_iter {
        struct klist *i_klist;
        struct klist_node *i_cur;
      };

      被赋值为

      i->i_klist = k;
      i->i_cur = n;

      next_device(&i),因为第一个节点为头节点,需要从下一个开始

      struct klist_node *n = klist_next(i);

      n为

      struct klist_node {
        void *n_klist; /* never access directly */
        struct list_head n_node;
        struct kref n_ref;
      };

      struct kref {
        atomic_t refcount;
      };

      

      klist_iter_init_node(&bus->p->klist_devices, &i,(start ?&start->p->knode_bus : NULL))作用是定义个klist_iter指向此klist,以便以后直接使用

       

       struct klist_node *klist_next(struct klist_iter *i)

      {

        ...

        struct klist_node *last = i->i_cur;

        if (last)

        {

          //此处不执行
        }

        else
          next = to_klist_node(i->i_klist->k_list.next);

        i->i_cur = NULL;

        while (next != to_klist_node(&i->i_klist->k_list))

        {
          if (likely(!knode_dead(next)))

          {
            kref_get(&next->n_ref);
            i->i_cur = next;
            break;
          }
          next = to_klist_node(next->n_node.next);
        }

        ...

      }

      static struct klist_node *to_klist_node(struct list_head *n)

      {
        return container_of(n, struct klist_node, n_node);
      }

      取出了包含i->i_klist->k_list.next的n_node指针,不过next所指的和n_node地址偏差一个head指针(list_head包括head和next俩指针)。

      while循环是从第一个目标to_klist_node(i->i_klist->k_list.next)循环,当再次循环到头节点to_klist_node(&i->i_klist->k_list)时截止(这是个循环链表,总会再次循环回来的)。

      还一个结束的条件,当循环到knode_dead(next)为真时break,不过,likely说明了next通常不会是dead的。

      Klist_iter找到合适的即停止搜索,找到此处的device_private的device。

      此结构即为传入probe函数的参数。

      找到参数后,继续执行return bus_for_each_dev(drv->bus, NULL, drv, __driver_attach);中error = fn(dev, data);即__driver_attach函数。

      第一个参数dev为刚刚while ((dev = next_device(&i)) && !error)索引产生。

      static int __driver_attach(struct device *dev, void *data)

      {

        ...

        if (!dev->driver)
          driver_probe_device(drv, dev);

        ...

      }

      int driver_probe_device(struct device_driver *drv, struct device *dev)

      {

        ...

        ret = really_probe(dev, drv);

        ...

      }

      static int really_probe(struct device *dev, struct device_driver *drv)

      {

        ...

        if (dev->bus->probe)

        {

          ret = dev->bus->probe(dev);
          if (ret)
          goto probe_failed;
        }

        else if (drv->probe)

        {
          ret = drv->probe(dev);
          if (ret)
          goto probe_failed;
        }

        ...

      }

      static struct platform_driver usrmac_dev_driver = {

        .probe = usrmac_dev_probe,
        .remove = usrmac_dev_remove,
        .suspend = usrmac_dev_suspend,
        .resume = usrmac_dev_resume,
        .driver =

        {
          .owner = THIS_MODULE,
          .name = USRMAC_DRIVER_NAME,
          .of_match_table = usrmac_of_match,
        },
      };

      static int usrmac_dev_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)

      {

        //struct platform_device *pdev即Klist_iter找到的

      }

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/pokerface/p/6834373.html
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