dapr入门学习

一、安装

我这里直接下载的二进制文件

https://github.com/dapr/dapr/releases/download/v1.3.0/daprd_linux_amd64.tar.gz
tar zxvf dapr_linux_amd64.tar.gz
cp dapr /usr/bin/
chmod +x /usr/bin/dapr
dapr init
默认安装1.3.0版本

二、本地运行程序
编写Demo程序，一个很简单的Asp.net core 程序

using DaprTest.Controllers;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;

namespace DaprTest
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
        {
            Configuration = configuration;
        }

        public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }

        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddControllers().AddDapr();
            
            services.AddActors(options =>
            {
                options.Actors.RegisterActor<IncrActorOne>();
            });
        }

        public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
        {
            app.UseRouting();
            app.UseCloudEvents();
            app.UseAuthorization();
            app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
            {
                endpoints.MapSubscribeHandler();
                endpoints.MapControllers();
                endpoints.MapActorsHandlers();
            });
        }
    }
}

　　

using Dapr;
using Dapr.Actors;
using Dapr.Actors.Client;
using Dapr.Actors.Runtime;
using Dapr.Client;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace DaprTest.Controllers
{
    [ApiController]
    [Route("[controller]/[action]")]
    public class DaprController : ControllerBase
    {
        private readonly ILogger<DaprController> _logger;
        
        public DaprController(ILogger<DaprController> logger)
        {
            _logger = logger;
        }
        
        private static object _lockOjbect = new object();
        public static int incr = 0;

        [HttpGet]
        public async Task<int> Incr()
        {
            int value = 0;
            lock(_lockOjbect)
            {
                value= ++incr;
            }

            return await Task.FromResult(value);
        }

        [HttpGet]
        public async Task<int> IncrActor()
        {
            var actorId = new ActorId("123");
            var actor =  ActorProxy.Create<IIncrActor>(actorId,nameof(IncrActorOne));
            var counterValue= await actor.IncrAcor();

            return counterValue;
        }

        [Topic("redis-pubsub", "daprpub")]
        [HttpGet]
        public async Task<int> Pub([FromServices] DaprClient daprClient)
        {
            var eventData = new EnventData { Id = "17", Amount = 10m, };
            await daprClient.PublishEventAsync("redis-pubsub", "daprpub", eventData);
            return await Task.FromResult(4);
        }

        
        [HttpPost]
        public string Sub([FromBody]EnventData enventData)
        {
            _logger.LogInformation($"来啦，小老弟！{enventData.Amount},{enventData.Id}");
            return "123";
        }

        [Route("/kafka-binding")]
        [HttpPost]
        public string KafkaBinding([FromBody] EnventData enventData)
        {
            _logger.LogInformation($"来啦，小老弟！{enventData.Amount},{enventData.Name}");
            return "123";
        }
    }

    public class EnventData
    {
        public string Name { get; set; }

        public decimal Amount { get; set; }
    }
    public interface IIncrActor: IActor
    {
        Task<int> IncrAcor();
    }

    public class IncrActorOne : Actor, IIncrActor
    {
        private static int COUNT = 0;
        public IncrActorOne(ActorHost host) : base(host) { }

        public async Task<int> IncrAcor()
        {
            return await Task.FromResult(++COUNT);
        }

        public async Task<int> IncrStateAcor()
        {
            var currntScore = await StateManager.AddOrUpdateStateAsync("score", 1,(key, currentScore) => currentScore + 1);
            return currntScore;
        }
    }
}

dapr run --app-id DaprTest --app-port 5000 dotnet run

　　这里要注意 --app-port参数，我之前没指定这个参数一直报无法通信。

三、k8s运行demo

      要在k8s中运行dapr首先要在k8s中安装dapr相关的组件

dapr init -k

　　首先要确保执行命令的服务器上能够连接上k8s服务器，等待安装成功。

截图中使用的k8s管理工具kuboard，在测试k8s集群中安装了Dapr、Istio（后续一定要记一些istio、Envoy的知识点）。

安装成功后就可以将Demo程序打镜像发布到k8s中了。

FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/aspnet:5.0 AS base
WORKDIR /app
EXPOSE 80

FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/sdk:5.0 AS build
WORKDIR /src
COPY ["DaprTest/DaprTest.csproj", "DaprTest/"]
RUN dotnet restore "DaprTest/DaprTest.csproj"
COPY . .
WORKDIR "/src/DaprTest"
RUN dotnet build "DaprTest.csproj" -c Release -o /app/build

FROM build AS publish
RUN dotnet publish "DaprTest.csproj" -c Release -o /app/publish

FROM base AS final
WORKDIR /app
COPY --from=publish /app/publish .
RUN ls
ENTRYPOINT ["dotnet", "DaprTest.dll"]

docker build -t 镜像名
docker push //推送镜像

　　

apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: VirtualService
metadata:
  name: dotnet-daprtest
  namespace: dapr-test
spec:
  hosts:
  - "*"
  gateways:
  - dapr-test-gateway
  http:
  - match:
    - uri:
        prefix: /betadaprtest/
    rewrite:
      uri: /
    route:
    - destination:
        host: dotnet-daprtest
        port:
          number: 80

---
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: Gateway
metadata:
  name: dapr-test-gateway
  namespace: dapr-test
spec:
  selector:
    istio: ingressgateway
  servers:
    - hosts:
        - xxx.xxx.com
      port:
        name: http
        number: 80
        protocol: HTTP

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: dotnet-daprtest
  namespace: dapr-test
  labels:
    app: dotnet-daprtest
    service: dotnet-daprtest
spec:
  ports:
  - port: 80
    name: http
  selector:
    app: dotnet-daprtest

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  namespace: dapr-test
  name: dotnet-daprtest
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: dotnet-daprtest
  template: 
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: dotnet-daprtest
      annotations:
        dapr.io/enabled: "true"
        dapr.io/app-id: "dotnet-daprtest"
        dapr.io/app-port: "80"
    spec:
      imagePullSecrets:
      - name: xxxx
      restartPolicy: Always
      containers:
      - name: dotnet-daprtest
        image: xxxxx
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80

virtualservice、gateway 定义如何访问服务。

出于测试目的就没有在命名空间级别启用dapr 注入，直接在metadata -》annotaions 中启用dapr。

pod启动成功后就可以看到Pod中启动了两个容器，一个是Demo本身，还有一个就是daprd的边车容器

可以看下daprd容器中的日志，看看这个容器在启动时都做了些什么

可以看到都是一些初始化，加载component组件等，这里要注意，如果发现daprd容器启动失败，可以从这个容器日志看到一些信息，一般都是一些组件加载失败，找到对应的组件修改即可。

也可以用命令查看daprd容器日志，kubectl logs -f --tail=100 -n 命名空间  podId  -c daprd

上面两张图就是因为kafka组件无法正确的连接到kafka服务端导致容器无法启动，进而导致整个Pod无法正常被调度。

四、StatusDemo

dapr在初始化k8s组件时并不会初始化Status组件（单机初始化时会创建一个redis 作为status实现），所以需要我们自行安装redis或者其他dapr支持的存储组件，Demo里使用自建的redis

---
apiVersion: dapr.io/v1alpha1
kind: Component
metadata:
  name: statestore
  namespace: dapr-test
spec:
  metadata:
    - name: redisHost
      value: 'xxx:6379'
    - name: actorStateStore
      value: 'true'
    - name: redisDB
      value: '17'
  type: state.redis
  version: v1

五、Actor编程模型

对于Actor并发编程模型的定义就不过多赘述了。

对于Actor只需要在代码中预先定义好，并注册即可

[httpGet]
public async Task<int> IncrActor()
{
　　var actorId=new ActorId("123");
   var actor= ActorProxy.Create<IIncrActor>(actorId,nameof(IncrActorOne));
   var counterValue = await actor.incrAcor(); 
}
public interface IIncrActor: IActor
    {
        Task<int> IncrAcor();
    }

    public class IncrActorOne : Actor, IIncrActor
    {
        private static int COUNT = 0;
        public IncrActorOne(ActorHost host) : base(host) { }

        public async Task<int> IncrAcor()
        {
            return await Task.FromResult(++COUNT);
        }

        public async Task<int> IncrStateAcor()
        {
            var currntScore = await StateManager.AddOrUpdateStateAsync("score", 1,(key, currentScore) => currentScore + 1);
            return currntScore;
        }
    }


public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddControllers().AddDapr();
            
            services.AddActors(options =>
            {
                options.Actors.RegisterActor<IncrActorOne>();
            });
        }

Actor是动态，可以根据实际情况动态添加，例如根据用户id等标识一个Actor，可以在Dapr自带的Dashboard中查看Actor

它在redis中的存储结构

六、发布订阅

发布订阅也同样需要定义Component组件

apiVersion: dapr.io/v1alpha1
kind: Component
metadata:
  name: redis-pubsub
  namespace: dapr-test
spec:
  type: pubsub.redis
  version: v1
  metadata:
  - name: redisHost
    value: xxxx:6379
  - name: consumerID
    value: "myGroup"
  - name: enableTLS
    value: "false"
  - name: redisPassword
    value: 12345678
---
apiVersion: dapr.io/v1alpha1
kind: Subscription
metadata:
  name: dotnet-subscription
  namespace: dapr-test
spec:
  pubsubname: redis-pubsub
  topic: daprpub
  route: /Dapr/Sub
scopes:
- dotnet-daprtest

这里定义了 发布组件、订阅组件，使用Redis实现。使用方式如下

        [HttpGet]
        public async Task<int> Pub([FromServices] DaprClient daprClient)
        {
            var eventData = new EnventData { Id = "17", Amount = 10m, };
            await daprClient.PublishEventAsync("redis-pubsub", "daprpub", eventData);//redis-pubsub 要使用的组件名称，daprpub topic
            return await Task.FromResult(4);
        }

如果想更改实现组件，例如从redis切换到kafka，只需要更改一下 发布组件即可

apiVersion: dapr.io/v1alpha1
kind: Component
metadata:
  name: redis-pubsub
  namespace: dapr-test
spec:
  type: pubsub.kafka
  version: v1
  metadata:
  - name: brokers
    value: "xxxxx:9092"
  - name: consumerGroup
    value: "daprtest"
  - name: clientID
    value: "dotnet-daprtest"
  - name: authRequired
    value: "false"
  - name: maxMessageBytes
    value: 1024

组件名称依旧是 redis-pubsub,但是实现已经更改为了 kafka。需要注意的是，这里虽然更改了组件但是因为daprd容器并没有监听这种变化，这就导致了要手动去重启pod，这里dapr官方后期应该会被优化掉。

这里需要注意的是，发布订阅的数据格式一定要正确，不能通过其他客户端直接向发布组件发送不正确的消息格式，一旦发送错误格式的数据会导致daprd容器报错，订阅方无法收到消息。

正确的数据格式如下：

{"traceid":"00-86b349b9b127754792b69a6bba049c40-4489f813ea9fab64-00","id":"9f5fc119-60ee-4fef-b7a7-b2ecd31e7da7","datacontenttype":"application/json","type":"com.dapr.event.sent","pubsubname":"redis-pubsub","data":{"name":"17","amount":10},"specversion":"1.0","source":"dotnet-daprtest","topic":"daprpub"}

我在测试时使用了kafka 客户端工具发送了错误的数据导致daprd容器一直报错，订阅端死活收不到消息。查看daprd容器日志发现是有错误的数据。查看daprd容器日志是排查错误的一个有效方法。

七、bindings

bindings同样也是添加component即可

apiVersion: dapr.io/v1alpha1
kind: Component
metadata:
  name: kafka-binding
  namespace: -test
spec:
  metadata:
    - name: topics
      value: daprtest
    - name: brokers
      value: 'ffffff:9092'
    - name: consumerGroup
      value: daprtest
    - name: publishTopic
      value: daprtest
    - name: authRequired
      value: false
    - name: maxMessageBytes
      value: 1024
  type: bindings.kafka
  version: v1

这里需要注意的是 bindings是通http通信的  这就需要http的url要与bindings组件名一致，当然也有可能是我理解的不到位。

测试时可以用kafka测试工具发送消息

bin/kafka-console-producer.sh --broker-list localhost:9092 --topic daprtest  这个命令会卡住shell，并接收用户输入的数据

输入对应的数据，就可以在程序中看到Demo的方法有没执行。