在使用xml作为系统配置时,免不了需要将xml文件读取出来,并转换成相应的实体。但是,如果需要自己去操作xml文件的每一个节点,将其组装成实体,这个工作确实相当繁琐的,所以一般我们会写一个实体,然后使用下面的这种方式来反序列化。
[XmlRoot("PersonInfoXml")]
public class Person
{
[XmlElement("Name")]
public Identifier PersonIdentify
{
get
{
if (mIdentify == null) mIdentify = new Identifier();
return mIdentify;
}
set { mIdentify = value; }
}
[XmlElement("Address")]
public Address PersonAddress
{
get
{
if (mAddress == null)
mAddress = new Address();
return mAddress;
}
set { mAddress = value; }
}
[XmlElement("Education")]
public Education PersonEducation
{
get
{
if (mEducation == null)
mEducation = new Education();
return mEducation;
}
set { mEducation = value; }
}
这种方式还是需要编写相应的实体类,也比较麻烦。
最简单的方式是为xml编写xml schema文件定义即xsd(xml sechema definition)
然后使用xsd工具生成相应的实体类,再反序列化就可以了,xsd文件不仅可以用来生成实体,还可以用来检查xml文件的语法,对xml提供智能提示。
已下为一个简单的范例:
note.xsd:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
targetNamespace="http://www.w3schools.com"
xmlns="http://www.w3schools.com"
elementFormDefault="qualified">
<xs:element name="note">
<xs:complexType>
<xs:sequence>
<xs:element name="to" type="xs:string"/>
<xs:element name="from" type="xs:string"/>
<xs:element name="heading" type="xs:string"/>
<xs:element name="body" type="xs:string"/>
</xs:sequence>
</xs:complexType>
</xs:element>
</xs:schema>
note.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<note xmlns="http://www.w3schools.com">
<to>Tove</to>
<from>Jani</from>
<heading>Reminder</heading>
<body>it's a note</body>
</note>
xsd.exe工具生成的note.cs
打开VS提示命令
xsd filename /classes
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// <auto-generated>
// 此代码由工具生成。
// 运行时版本:4.0.30319.269
//
// 对此文件的更改可能会导致不正确的行为,并且如果
// 重新生成代码,这些更改将会丢失。
// </auto-generated>
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
using System.Xml.Serialization;
/// <remarks/>
[System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute("xsd", "4.0.30319.1")]
[System.SerializableAttribute()]
[System.Diagnostics.DebuggerStepThroughAttribute()]
[System.ComponentModel.DesignerCategoryAttribute("code")]
[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlTypeAttribute(AnonymousType = true, Namespace = "http://www.w3schools.com")]
[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlRootAttribute("note", Namespace = "http://www.w3schools.com", IsNullable = false)]
public partial class note {
private string toField;
private string fromField;
private string headingField;
private string bodyField;
/// <remarks/>
public string to {
get {
return this.toField;
}
set {
this.toField = value;
}
}
/// <remarks/>
public string from {
get {
return this.fromField;
}
set {
this.fromField = value;
}
}
/// <remarks/>
public string heading {
get {
return this.headingField;
}
set {
this.headingField = value;
}
}
/// <remarks/>
public string body {
get {
return this.bodyField;
}
set {
this.bodyField = value;
}
}
}
code snippet to deserialize xml:
var path = @"D:\note.xml";
var serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof (note));
var stream = new StreamReader(path);
var reader = new StringReader(stream.ReadToEnd());
var n = (note)serializer.Deserialize(reader);
Assert.AreEqual("Jani", n.from);