python面对对象编程----1：BlackJack(21点)

昨天读完了《Mastering Object-oriented Python》的第一部分，做一些总结。

首先，第一部分总过八章，名字叫Pythonic Classes via Special Methods，也就是讲如何通过特殊方法构造以及设计类的。

其次，第一部分通篇使用的类的例子是BlackJack，也就是21点纸牌游戏，本篇先跳出来实现下21点游戏的代码，这里看明白了免得后面只使用部分时产生不清楚。【21点玩法】

以下代码我写了两个版本，版本一是原本自己按最普通的写法写的，版本二是用了部分书里的东西做了优化的，对照起来看能够发现版本二中不少优美的技巧。# py3.4.3

#coding:gbk
import random
"""
   --------------------------------------------- 第一部分：单张牌--------------------------------------------------------
"""
class Card:
    def __init__(self,rank,suit):
        self.rank = rank
        self.suit = suit
        self.hard,self.soft = self._point()

    def _point(self):
        pass

class numCard(Card):
    def __init__(self,rank,suit):
        super().__init__(rank,suit)

    def _point(self):
        self.hard = self.soft = self.rank
        return self.hard,self.soft

class aceCard(Card):
    def __init__(self,rank,suit):
        super().__init__('A',suit)

    def _point(self):
        self.hard = 1
        self.soft = 11
        return self.hard,self.soft

class faceCard(Card):
    def __init__(self,rank,suit):
        super().__init__( rank , suit )

    def _point(self):
        self.hard = self.soft = 10
        return self.hard,self.soft

# somecard = [numCard('2','club'),aceCard('A','diamond'),faceCard('J','spade')]
# for i in somecard:
#     print( i.rank,i.suit,i.hard,i.soft)

"""
    -------------------------------------------------生成多幅牌---------------------------------------------------------
"""
#版本1：
# def deck(num):
#     Decks = []
#     for i in range(num):
#         for j in ['club','heart','diamond','spade']:
#             temp = [ str(x) for x in range(2,11) ]
#             temp.extend(['J','Q','K','A'])
#             for z in temp:
#                 if z in "JQK":
#                     Decks.append(numCard(z,j))
#                 elif z == 'A':
#                     Decks.append(aceCard(z,j))
#                 else:
#                     Decks.append(faceCard(z,j))
#         random.shuffle(Decks)
#     random.shuffle(Decks)
#     return Decks
#
# Decks = deck(3)
# for i in Decks:
#         print( i.rank,i.suit,i.hard,i.soft)

# 版本2：
def card4( rank, suit ):
    class_= {1: aceCard, 11: faceCard, 12: faceCard,13: faceCard}.get(rank, numCard)
    return class_( rank, suit )

Decks = []
for i in range(3):
    Decks.extend( [ card4(rank,suit) for rank in range(1,14) for suit in ['Club','Heart','Diamond','Spade'] ] )
random.shuffle(Decks)
# for i in Decks:
#         print( i.rank,i.suit,i.hard,i.soft)

"""
    -----------------------------------------------第三部分：手牌--------------------------------------------------------
    注意：
"""
class Hand:
    dieFlag = False
    def __init__(self,*mycards):
        self.mycards = []
        self.mycards.extend(mycards)
        print('your beginning cards are: ',mycards[0].suit,mycards[0].rank,mycards[1].suit,mycards[1].rank)
        print('sum of your cards is:',self.count())

    def askcard(self,acard):
        nowpoint = self.count()
        if Hand.dieFlag:
            print('sum of your card is ',nowpoint,'you died')
        else:
            self.mycards.append(acard)
            print('you get card:',acard.suit,acard.rank)
            nowpoint = self.count()
            print('sum of your card is ',nowpoint)

    def count(self):
        sumpoint = 0
        for x in self.mycards:
            sumpoint += int(x.soft)
        if sumpoint > 21:
            sumpoint = 0
            for x in self.mycards:
                sumpoint += x.hard
                if sumpoint > 21:
                    Hand.dieFlag = True
                    print('boom!,you get',sumpoint)
                    return sumpoint
        else:
            return sumpoint


hands = Hand(Decks.pop(),Decks.pop())
while not hands.dieFlag:
    wt2askc = input('ask card?<yes/no>: ')
    if wt2askc == 'yes' and not hands.dieFlag:
            hands.askcard(Decks.pop())
    else:
        break
print('
finally,your get %d points'%hands.count())

#coding:gbk
import random
class Card:
    def __init__(self,rank,suit):
        self.rank = rank
        self.suit = suit

class numCard(Card):
    def __init__(self,rank,suit):
        super().__init__(rank,suit)
        self.hard = self.soft = self.rank

class aceCard(Card):
    def __init__(self,rank,suit):
        super().__init__('A',suit)
        self.hard = 1
        self.soft = 11

class faceCard(Card):
    def __init__(self,rank,suit):
        super().__init__( rank , suit )
        self.hard = self.soft = 10

# somecard = [numCard('2','club'),aceCard('A','diamond'),faceCard('J','spade')]
# for i in somecard:
#     print( i.rank,i.suit,i.hard,i.soft)

"""
   --------------------------------------------- 第二部分：生成多副牌----------------------------------------------------
    一个名为Decks的列表，其元素为一张张牌
"""
def card4( rank, suit ):
    class_= {1: aceCard, 11: faceCard, 12: faceCard,13: faceCard}.get(rank, numCard)
    return class_( rank, suit )

class Decks(list):
    def __init__(self,num):
        super().__init__()
        for i in range(num):
            self.extend( card4(rank,suit) for rank in range(1,14) for suit in ['Club','Heart','Diamond','Spade'] )
        random.shuffle(self)

decks = Decks(3)

"""
    -----------------------------------------------第三部分：手牌--------------------------------------------------------
"""
class Hand:
    dieFlag = False
    def __init__(self,*mycards):
        self.mycards = []
        self.mycards.extend(mycards)
        print('your beginning cards are: ',mycards[0].suit,mycards[0].rank,mycards[1].suit,mycards[1].rank)
        print('sum of your cards is:',self.count())

    def askcard(self,acard):
        nowpoint = self.count()
        if Hand.dieFlag:
            print('sum of your card is ',nowpoint,'you died')
        else:
            print('you get card:',acard.suit,acard.rank)
            self.mycards.append(acard)
            nowpoint = self.count()
            print('sum of your card is ',nowpoint)

    def count(self):
        sumpoint = sum( c.hard for c in self.mycards)
        if sumpoint > 21:
            sumpoint = sum( c.soft for c in self.mycards)
            if sumpoint > 21:
                Hand.dieFlag = True
        return sumpoint


if __name__=="__main__":
    hands = Hand(decks.pop(),decks.pop())
    while not hands.dieFlag:
        wt2askc = input('ask card?<yes/no>: ')
        if wt2askc == 'yes' and not hands.dieFlag:
                hands.askcard(decks.pop())
        else:
            break
    print('finally,your get %d points'%hands.count())

#
# 输出1：
# your beginning cards are:  Heart 3 Spade 5
# sum of your cards is: 8
# ask card?<yes/no>: yes
# you get card: Spade 9
# sum of your card is  17
# ask card?<yes/no>: no
# finally,your get 17 points
#
# 输出2：
# your beginning cards are:  Club 12 Club 3
# sum of your cards is: 13
# ask card?<yes/no>: yes
# you get card: Club 6
# sum of your card is  19
# ask card?<yes/no>: yes
# you get card: Diamond 9
# sum of your card is  28
# finally,your get 28 points