SSM 整合使用
搭建整合环境
整合说明
SSM 整合可以使用多种方式，但是选择 XML + 注解 的方式最为合适。
整合思路
- 搭建整合环境
- Spring 环境搭建并测试
- Spring 整合 SpringMVC 并测试
- Spring 整合 MyBatis 并测试
创建 Maven 工程
使用到工程的聚合和拆分的概念。
使用 IDEA 新建一个 Maven 工程，选择 maven-archetype-webapp
-
在 项目 的 pom.xml 文件中引入坐标依赖
<properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target> <spring.version>5.1.20.RELEASE</spring.version> <mybatis.version>3.5.6</mybatis.version> <mysql.version>5.1.48</mysql.version> <junit.version>4.12</junit.version> <jsckson.version>2.10.5</jsckson.version> </properties> <dependencies> <!-- Spring start--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId> <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId> <version>1.8.14</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> <version>2.5</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId> <version>2.0</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>jstl</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <!-- Spring end--> <!-- MyBatis end--> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>${mybatis.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId> <version>1.3.3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>${mysql.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.mchange</groupId> <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId> <version>0.9.5.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>1.2.12</version> </dependency> <!-- MyBatis end--> <!-- Test end--> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>${junit.version}</version> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- Test end--> <!-- Common end--> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId> <version>${jsckson.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId> <version>${jsckson.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId> <version>${jsckson.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId> <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId> <version>1.3.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-io</groupId> <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId> <version>2.4</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.sun.jersey</groupId> <artifactId>jersey-core</artifactId> <version>1.18.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.sun.jersey</groupId> <artifactId>jersey-client</artifactId> <version>1.18.1</version> </dependency> <!-- Common end--> </dependencies>
选中项目，点击右键，选择 Add FrameWorks Support，添加上 SpringMVC 支持。会自动创建 src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml 和 src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/dispatcher-servlet.xml 文件，前者是 Spring 配置文件，后者是 SpringMVC 配置文件。
创建数据库和表结构
src/main/resources/ssm.sql
drop database if exists ssm;
create database ssm;
use ssm;
# ---
drop table if exists `user`;
create table `user`(
`id` int(11) primary key auto_increment,
`username` varchar(30) not null comment '用户名',
`password` varchar(30) not null comment '密码'
) engine=InnoDB default charset=utf8;
insert into user(username, password) VALUES
('admin', 'admin11002244'), ('parzulpan', '12345678');
# ----
编写实体类
src/main/java/cn/parzulpan/domain/User.java
package cn.parzulpan.domain;
import java.io.Serializable;
/**
* @Author : parzulpan
* @Time : 2020-12
* @Desc : 用户实体类
*/
public class User implements Serializable {
private Integer id;
private String username;
private String password;
// getter setter toString
}
编写 dao 接口和实现类
src/main/java/cn/parzulpan/dao/UserDAO.java
/**
* @Author : parzulpan
* @Time : 2020-12
* @Desc : 用户持久层接口
*/
public interface UserDAO {
/**
* 查询所有用户信息
* @return
*/
public List<User> findAll();
/**
* 根据 Id 查询用户信息
* @param id
* @return
*/
public User findById(Integer id);
/**
* 根据 用户名 查询用户信息
* @param username
* @return
*/
public User findByName(String username);
/**
* 保存用户
* @param user
*/
public void save(User user);
}
src/main/java/cn/parzulpan/dao/impl/UserDAOImpl.java
// 后面整合 MyBatis 后直接使用注解开发，这个文件将弃用删除
@Repository("userDAO")
public class UserDAOImpl implements UserDAO {
@Override
public List<User> findAll() {
System.out.println("用户持久层：查询所有用户信息");
return null;
}
@Override
public User findById(Integer id) {
System.out.println("用户持久层：根据 Id 查询用户信息");
return null;
}
@Override
public User findByName(String username) {
System.out.println("用户持久层：根据 用户名 查询用户信息");
return null;
}
@Override
public void save(User user) {
System.out.println("用户持久层：保存用户");
}
}
编写 service 接口和实现类
src/main/java/cn/parzulpan/service/UserService.java
/**
* @Author : parzulpan
* @Time : 2020-12
* @Desc : 用户业务层接口
*/
public interface UserService {
/**
* 查询所有用户信息
* @return
*/
public List<User> findAllUser();
/**
* 根据 Id 查询用户信息
* @param id
* @return
*/
public User findUserById(Integer id);
/**
* 根据 用户名 查询用户信息
* @param username
* @return
*/
public User findUserByName(String username);
/**
* 保存用户
* @param user
*/
public void saveUser(User user);
}
src/main/java/cn/parzulpan/service/impl/UserServiceImpl.java
/**
* @Author : parzulpan
* @Time : 2020-12
* @Desc : 用户业务层接口的实现类
*/
@Service("userService")
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
@Autowired
private UserDAO userDAO;
@Override
public List<User> findAllUser() {
System.out.println("用户业务层：查询所有用户信息");
return userDAO.findAll();
}
@Override
public User findUserById(Integer id) {
System.out.println("用户业务层：根据 Id 查询用户信息");
return userDAO.findById(id);
}
@Override
public User findUserByName(String username) {
System.out.println("用户业务层：根据 用户名 查询用户信息");
return userDAO.findByName(username);
}
@Override
public void saveUser(User user) {
System.out.println("用户业务层：保存用户");
userDAO.save(user);
}
}
Spring 代码的编写
编写 Spring 配置文件
src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
<!-- Spring 配置 Start -->
<!-- 开启注解扫描，只扫描 service 和 dao 层，忽略 web 层 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="cn.parzulpan">
<context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
</context:component-scan>
<!-- Spring 配置 End -->
</beans>
测试 Spring 环境
src/test/java/cn/parzulpan/service/impl/UserServiceImplTest.java
/**
* @Author : parzulpan
* @Time : 2020-12
* @Desc : 对 用户业务层接口的实现类 进行单元测试
*/
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"file:src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml"})
public class UserServiceImplTest {
@Autowired
private UserService us;
@Test
public void findAllUser() {
List<User> users = us.findAllUser();
}
@Test
public void findUserById() {
User user = us.findUserById(1);
}
@Test
public void findUserByName() {
User user = us.findUserByName("admin");
}
@Test
public void saveUser() {
us.saveUser(new User(null, "test", "test1234"));
}
}
Spring 整合 Spring MVC
-
在 web.xml 中配置 DispatcherServlet 前端控制器
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在 web.xml 中配置 DispatcherServlet 过滤器 解决中文乱码
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在 web.xml 中配置 ContextLoaderListener 监听器 为了在controller 中能成功的调用 service 对象中的方法
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN" "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" > <web-app> <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name> <!-- 配置Spring的监听器 Start --> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <!-- 通过监听器，读取 Spring 的配置文件 --> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param> <!-- 配置Spring的监听器 End --> <!-- 配置 app 分派器（前端控制器）Start --> <servlet> <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <!-- 配置初始化参数，读取 SpringMVC 的配置文件 --> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/dispatcher-servlet.xml</param-value> </init-param> <!-- 配置 Servlet 对象的创建时间点为应用加载时创建，取值只能为非零整数，表示启动顺序 --> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <!-- 配置映射，同 Servlet 一样 --> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <!-- 配置 app 分派器（前端控制器）End --> <!-- 配置解决中文乱码的过滤器 Start --> <filter> <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <!-- 设置过滤器中的属性值 --> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>forceRequestEncoding</param-name> <param-value>true</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>forceResponseEncoding</param-name> <param-value>true</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <!-- 过滤所有请求 --> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!-- 配置解决中文乱码的过滤器 End --> </web-app>
-
在 dispatcher-servlet.xml 中 配置视图解析器、静态资源以及开启注解支持
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!-- SpringMVC 配置 Start --> <!-- 开启注解扫描，只扫描 web 层 --> <context:component-scan base-package="cn.parzulpan"> <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/> </context:component-scan> <!-- 配置 视图解析器 --> <bean id="defaultViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"/> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/> </bean> <!-- 配置 文件解析器，要求 id 名称必须是 multipartResolver --> <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver"> <property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760"/> </bean> <!-- 配置 处理器拦截器 --> <!-- 设置静态资源不过滤 --> <mvc:resources mapping="/js/**" location="/js/"/> <mvc:resources mapping="/css/**" location="/css/"/> <mvc:resources mapping="/images/**" location="/images/"/> <!-- 开启对 SpringMVC 注解的支持 --> <mvc:annotation-driven/> <!-- SpringMVC 配置 End --> </beans>
Spring 整合 MyBatis
-
删除 SqlConfigMap.xml，在 applicationContext.xml 中 配置 MyBatis
-
在 applicationContext.xml 中 配置 Spring 声明式事务管理
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd"> <!-- Spring 配置 Start --> <!-- 开启注解扫描，只扫描 service 和 dao 层，忽略 web 层 --> <context:component-scan base-package="cn.parzulpan"> <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/> </context:component-scan> <!-- 配置 Spring 声明式事务管理 --> <!-- 1. 配置事务管理器 --> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> </bean> <!-- 2. 配置事务的通知 --> <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager"> <tx:attributes> <tx:method name="*" read-only="false" propagation="REQUIRED"/> <tx:method name="find*" read-only="true" propagation="SUPPORTS"/> </tx:attributes> </tx:advice> <!-- 3. 配置 AOP 增强 --> <aop:config> <aop:pointcut id="allServiceImplPT" expression="execution(* cn.parzulpan.service.impl.*.*(..))"/> <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="allServiceImplPT"/> </aop:config> <!-- Spring 配置 End --> <!-- MyBatis 配置 Start --> <!-- 配置 C3P0 连接池对象 --> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssm?useSSL=false"/> <property name="user" value="root"/> <property name="password" value="root"/> </bean> <!-- 配置SqlSession的工厂 --> <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> </bean> <!-- 配置映射信息 --> <bean id="mapperScanner" class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer"> <property name="basePackage" value="cn.parzulpan.dao"/> </bean> <!-- MyBatis 配置 Start --> </beans> -
以注解的方式编写 DAO，注意
@Param的使用，当 SQL 中需要多个参数的时候，MayBatis 会将参数列表中的参数封装成一个 Map 进行传递，这个过程是通过 @Param 来实现的，@Param 注解括号中的值会作为 key，value 就是参数实际的值。解析参数的时候会按照 @Param 中定义的 key 获取对应的值/** * @Author : parzulpan * @Time : 2020-12 * @Desc : 用户持久层接口 */ @Repository public interface UserDAO { /** * 查询所有用户信息 * @return */ @Select("select * from user") public List<User> findAll(); /** * 根据 Id 查询用户信息 * @param id * @return */ @Select("select * from user where id = #{id}") public User findById(@Param("id") Integer id); /** * 根据 用户名 查询用户信息 * @param username * @return */ @Select("select * from user where username = #{username}") public User findByName(@Param("username") String username); /** * 根据用户名和密码查询用户信息 * @param username * @param password * @return */ @Select("select * from user where username = #{username} and password = #{password}") public User findByNameAndPwd(@Param("username") String username, @Param("password") String password); /** * 保存用户 * @param user * @return */ @Insert("insert into user(username, password) values (#{username}, #{password})") @SelectKey(keyColumn = "id", keyProperty = "id", resultType = Integer.class, before = false, statement = {"select last_insert_id()"}) public int save(User user); }
整合测试
src/main/java/cn/parzulpan/web/UserController.java
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
/**
* 登录
* @param user
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping("/login")
public String login(User user){
System.out.println("表现层：登录用户");
System.out.println(user);
User userByNameAndPwd = userService.findUserByNameAndPwd(user.getUsername(), user.getPassword());
if (userByNameAndPwd != null) {
System.out.println("登录成功");
return "redirect:findAll";
}
return "error";
}
/**
* 注册
* @param user
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping("/registration")
public String registration(User user){
System.out.println("表现层：注册用户");
System.out.println(user);
int i = userService.saveUser(user);
if (i > 0) {
System.out.println("注册成功");
return "redirect:findAll";
}
return "error";
}
/**
* 查询所有账户
* @param model
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping("/findAll")
public String findAll(Model model) {
System.out.println("表现层：查询所有账户");
List<User> users = userService.findAllUser();
model.addAttribute("users", users);
return "success";
}
/**
* 返回首页
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping("/returnIndex")
public String returnIndex() {
System.out.println("表现层：返回首页");
return "redirect:/index.jsp";
}
}