• linux —— 基础（3）——mkdir & rm & mv & find & locate & cat & vi & tail & more & [;] & [|] & [&&] & [>]

    2. 文件及目录管理

    文件管理不外乎文件或目录的创建、删除、查询、移动，有mkdir/rm/mv

    文件查询是重点，用find来进行查询；find的参数丰富，也非常强大；

    查看文件内容是个大的话题，文本的处理有太多的工具供我们使用，在本章中只是点到即止，后面会有专门的一章来介绍文本的处理工具；

    有时候，需要给文件创建一个别名，我们需要用到ln，使用这个别名和使用原文件是相同的效果；

    2.1. 创建和删除

    • 创建：mkdir
    • 删除：rm
    • 删除非空目录：rm -rf file目录
    • 删除日志 rm *log (等价: $find ./ -name “*log” -exec rm {} ;)
    • 移动：mv
    • 复制：cp (复制目录：cp -r )

    查看当前目录下文件个数:

    $find ./ | wc -l

    复制目录:

    $cp -r source_dir  dest_dir

    2.2. 目录切换

    2.2. 目录切换

    • 找到文件/目录位置：cd
    • 切换到上一个工作目录： cd -
    • 切换到home目录： cd or cd ~
    • 显示当前路径: pwd
    • 更改当前工作路径为path: $cd path

    2.3. 列出目录项

    • 显示当前目录下的文件 ls
    • 按时间排序，以列表的方式显示目录项 ls -lrt

    以上这个命令用到的频率如此之高，以至于我们需要为它建立一个快捷命令方式:

    在.bashrc 中设置命令别名:

    alias lsl='ls -lrt'
alias lm='ls -al|more'

    这样，使用lsl，就可以显示目录中的文件按照修改时间排序；以列表方式显示；

    • 给每项文件前面增加一个id编号(看上去更加整洁):

      >ls | cat -n

      1 a 2 a.out 3 app 4 b 5 bin 6 config

    注：.bashrc 在/home/你的用户名/ 文件夹下，以隐藏文件的方式存储；可使用 ls -a 查看；

    root@bae226a5b14a:/# find ./ | wc -l
25917
root@bae226a5b14a:/# cd bin
root@bae226a5b14a:/bin# ls
bash     bzip2         dash           egrep     kill    mount          rm          sync        wdctl         zgrep
bunzip2  bzip2recover  date           false     ln      mountpoint     rmdir       tar         which         zless
bzcat    bzless        dd             fgrep     login   mv             run-parts   tempfile    ypdomainname  zmore
bzcmp    bzmore        df             findmnt   ls      nisdomainname  sed         touch       zcat          znew
bzdiff   cat           dir            grep      lsblk   pidof          sh          true        zcmp
bzegrep  chgrp         dmesg          gunzip    mkdir   ps             sh.distrib  umount      zdiff
bzexe    chmod         dnsdomainname  gzexe     mknod   pwd            sleep       uname       zegrep
bzfgrep  chown         domainname     gzip      mktemp  rbash          stty        uncompress  zfgrep
bzgrep   cp            echo           hostname  more    readlink       su          vdir        zforce
root@bae226a5b14a:/bin# cd bash
bash: cd: bash: Not a directory
root@bae226a5b14a:/bin# cd pidof
bash: cd: pidof: Not a directory
root@bae226a5b14a:/bin# cd
root@bae226a5b14a:~# cd bin
bash: cd: bin: No such file or directory
root@bae226a5b14a:~# cd ..
root@bae226a5b14a:/# pwd
/
root@bae226a5b14a:/# cd bin/
root@bae226a5b14a:/bin# ls
bash     bzip2         dash           egrep     kill    mount          rm          sync        wdctl         zgrep
bunzip2  bzip2recover  date           false     ln      mountpoint     rmdir       tar         which         zless
bzcat    bzless        dd             fgrep     login   mv             run-parts   tempfile    ypdomainname  zmore
bzcmp    bzmore        df             findmnt   ls      nisdomainname  sed         touch       zcat          znew
bzdiff   cat           dir            grep      lsblk   pidof          sh          true        zcmp
bzegrep  chgrp         dmesg          gunzip    mkdir   ps             sh.distrib  umount      zdiff
bzexe    chmod         dnsdomainname  gzexe     mknod   pwd            sleep       uname       zegrep
bzfgrep  chown         domainname     gzip      mktemp  rbash          stty        uncompress  zfgrep
bzgrep   cp            echo           hostname  more    readlink       su          vdir        zforce
root@bae226a5b14a:/bin# pwd
/bin
root@bae226a5b14a:/bin#  ls -lrt
total 4940
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root    5047 Apr 28  2017 znew
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root    1910 Apr 28  2017 zmore
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root    2037 Apr 28  2017 zless
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root    5938 Apr 28  2017 zgrep
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root    2131 Apr 28  2017 zforce
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root     140 Apr 28  2017 zfgrep
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root     140 Apr 28  2017 zegrep
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root    5764 Apr 28  2017 zdiff
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root    1777 Apr 28  2017 zcmp
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root    1937 Apr 28  2017 zcat
-rwxr-xr-x 2 root root    2301 Apr 28  2017 uncompress
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  101560 Apr 28  2017 gzip
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root    5927 Apr 28  2017 gzexe
-rwxr-xr-x 2 root root    2301 Apr 28  2017 gunzip
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      14 Nov  1  2017 pidof -> /sbin/killall5
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root     946 Dec 30  2017 which
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   10104 Dec 30  2017 tempfile
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   18760 Dec 30  2017 run-parts
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  133792 Jan 18  2018 vdir
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   35032 Jan 18  2018 uname
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   30904 Jan 18  2018 true
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   88280 Jan 18  2018 touch
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   35000 Jan 18  2018 sync
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   75992 Jan 18  2018 stty
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   35000 Jan 18  2018 sleep
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   43192 Jan 18  2018 rmdir
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   63704 Jan 18  2018 rm
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   43192 Jan 18  2018 readlink
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   35000 Jan 18  2018 pwd
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  137440 Jan 18  2018 mv
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   43192 Jan 18  2018 mktemp
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   67768 Jan 18  2018 mknod
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   80056 Jan 18  2018 mkdir
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  133792 Jan 18  2018 ls
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   67808 Jan 18  2018 ln
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   30904 Jan 18  2018 false
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   35000 Jan 18  2018 echo
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  133792 Jan 18  2018 dir
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   84776 Jan 18  2018 df
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   76000 Jan 18  2018 dd
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  100568 Jan 18  2018 date
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  141528 Jan 18  2018 cp
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   67768 Jan 18  2018 chown
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   59608 Jan 18  2018 chmod
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   63672 Jan 18  2018 chgrp
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   35064 Jan 18  2018 cat
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  121432 Jan 25  2018 dash
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  109000 Jan 30  2018 sed
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root       8 Jan 31  2018 ypdomainname -> hostname
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root       8 Jan 31  2018 nisdomainname -> hostname
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   18504 Jan 31  2018 hostname
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root       8 Jan 31  2018 domainname -> hostname
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root       8 Jan 31  2018 dnsdomainname -> hostname
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  423312 Jan 21  2019 tar
-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root   44664 Mar 22  2019 su
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   52664 Mar 22  2019 login
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root       4 Jun  6  2019 rbash -> bash
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1113504 Jun  6  2019 bash
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root    1297 Jul  4  2019 bzmore
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root       6 Jul  4  2019 bzless -> bzmore
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   14328 Jul  4  2019 bzip2recover
-rwxr-xr-x 3 root root   34888 Jul  4  2019 bzip2
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root    3642 Jul  4  2019 bzgrep
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root       6 Jul  4  2019 bzfgrep -> bzgrep
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root    4877 Jul  4  2019 bzexe
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root       6 Jul  4  2019 bzegrep -> bzgrep
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root    2140 Jul  4  2019 bzdiff
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root       6 Jul  4  2019 bzcmp -> bzdiff
-rwxr-xr-x 3 root root   34888 Jul  4  2019 bzcat
-rwxr-xr-x 3 root root   34888 Jul  4  2019 bunzip2
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  133432 Aug  9  2019 ps
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   26704 Aug  9  2019 kill
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  219456 Sep 18  2019 grep
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root      28 Sep 18  2019 fgrep
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root      28 Sep 18  2019 egrep
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   30800 Jan  8 18:31 wdctl
-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root   26696 Jan  8 18:31 umount
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   14408 Jan  8 18:31 mountpoint
-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root   43088 Jan  8 18:31 mount
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   38952 Jan  8 18:31 more
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   84048 Jan  8 18:31 lsblk
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   64784 Jan  8 18:31 findmnt
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   72000 Jan  8 18:31 dmesg
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root       4 Mar 11 21:03 sh.distrib -> dash
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root       4 Mar 11 21:04 sh -> dash
root@bae226a5b14a:/bin# ls | cat -n
     1  bash
     2  bunzip2
     3  bzcat
     4  bzcmp
     5  bzdiff
     6  bzegrep
     7  bzexe
     8  bzfgrep
     9  bzgrep
    10  bzip2
    11  bzip2recover
    12  bzless
    13  bzmore
    14  cat
    15  chgrp
    16  chmod
    17  chown
    18  cp
    19  dash
    20  date
    21  dd
    22  df
    23  dir
    24  dmesg
    25  dnsdomainname
    26  domainname
    27  echo
    28  egrep
    29  false
    30  fgrep
    31  findmnt
    32  grep
    33  gunzip
    34  gzexe
    35  gzip
    36  hostname
    37  kill
    38  ln
    39  login
    40  ls
    41  lsblk
    42  mkdir
    43  mknod
    44  mktemp
    45  more
    46  mount
    47  mountpoint
    48  mv
    49  nisdomainname
    50  pidof
    51  ps
    52  pwd
    53  rbash
    54  readlink
    55  rm
    56  rmdir
    57  run-parts
    58  sed
    59  sh
    60  sh.distrib
    61  sleep
    62  stty
    63  su
    64  sync
    65  tar
    66  tempfile
    67  touch
    68  true
    69  umount
    70  uname
    71  uncompress
    72  vdir
    73  wdctl
    74  which
    75  ypdomainname
    76  zcat
    77  zcmp
    78  zdiff
    79  zegrep
    80  zfgrep
    81  zforce
    82  zgrep
    83  zless
    84  zmore
    85  znew
root@bae226a5b14a:/bin# ls-a
bash: ls-a: command not found
root@bae226a5b14a:/bin# ls -a
.        bzfgrep       chown          domainname  gzip      mktemp         rbash       stty      uncompress    zfgrep
..       bzgrep        cp             echo        hostname  more           readlink    su        vdir          zforce
bash     bzip2         dash           egrep       kill      mount          rm          sync      wdctl         zgrep
bunzip2  bzip2recover  date           false       ln        mountpoint     rmdir       tar       which         zless
bzcat    bzless        dd             fgrep       login     mv             run-parts   tempfile  ypdomainname  zmore
bzcmp    bzmore        df             findmnt     ls        nisdomainname  sed         touch     zcat          znew
bzdiff   cat           dir            grep        lsblk     pidof          sh          true      zcmp
bzegrep  chgrp         dmesg          gunzip      mkdir     ps             sh.distrib  umount    zdiff
bzexe    chmod         dnsdomainname  gzexe       mknod     pwd            sleep       uname     zegrep
root@bae226a5b14a:/bin#

    　　

    2.4. 查找目录及文件 find/locate

    搜寻文件或目录:

    $find ./ -name "core*" | xargs file

    查找目标文件夹中是否有obj文件:

    $find ./ -name '*.o'

    递归当前目录及子目录删除所有.o文件:

    $find ./ -name "*.o" -exec rm {} ;

    find是实时查找，如果需要更快的查询，可试试locate；locate会为文件系统建立索引数据库，如果有文件更新，需要定期执行更新命令来更新索引库:

    $locate string

    寻找包含有string的路径:

    $updatedb

    与find不同，locate并不是实时查找。你需要更新数据库，以获得最新的文件索引信息。

    root@bae226a5b14a:/bin# find ./ -name "core*" | xargs file
Usage: file [-bcCdEhikLlNnprsSvzZ0] [--apple] [--extension] [--mime-encoding]
            [--mime-type] [-e <testname>] [-F <separator>]  [-f <namefile>]
            [-m <magicfiles>] [-P <parameter=value>] <file> ...
       file -C [-m <magicfiles>]
       file [--help]
root@bae226a5b14a:/bin# cd ..
root@bae226a5b14a:/# find ./ -name "core*" | xargs file
./sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu5/topology/core_siblings:      ASCII text
./sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu5/topology/core_siblings_list: ASCII text
./sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu5/topology/core_id:            ASCII text
./sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu3/topology/core_siblings:      ASCII text
./sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu3/topology/core_siblings_list: ASCII text
./sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu3/topology/core_id:            ASCII text
./sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu1/topology/core_siblings:      ASCII text
./sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu1/topology/core_siblings_list: ASCII text
./sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu1/topology/core_id:            ASCII text
./sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu4/topology/core_siblings:      ASCII text
./sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu4/topology/core_siblings_list: ASCII text
./sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu4/topology/core_id:            ASCII text
./sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu2/topology/core_siblings:      ASCII text
./sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu2/topology/core_siblings_list: ASCII text
./sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu2/topology/core_id:            ASCII text
./sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/topology/core_siblings:      ASCII text
./sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/topology/core_siblings_list: ASCII text
./sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/topology/core_id:            ASCII text
./sys/module/bpfilter/coresize:                            ASCII text
./sys/module/vsock/coresize:                               ASCII text
./sys/module/xfrm_algo/coresize:                           ASCII text
./sys/module/hv_sock/coresize:                             ASCII text
./sys/module/xfrm_user/coresize:                           ASCII text
./usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/coreutils:                      directory
./usr/share/man/man5/core.5.gz:                            gzip compressed data, max compression, from Unix, original size modulo 2^32 20005
./usr/share/info/coreutils.info.gz:                        gzip compressed data, max compression, from Unix, original size modulo 2^32 897636
./usr/share/doc/coreutils:                                 directory
./proc/sys/kernel/core_pattern:                            empty
./proc/sys/kernel/core_pipe_limit:                         empty
./proc/sys/kernel/core_uses_pid:                           empty
./proc/sys/net/core:                                       directory
./proc/1/coredump_filter:                                  empty
./proc/14683/coredump_filter:                              cannot open `./proc/14683/coredump_filter' (No such file or directory)
./proc/14684/coredump_filter:                              empty
./var/lib/dpkg/info/coreutils.md5sums:                     ASCII text
./var/lib/dpkg/info/coreutils.postrm:                      POSIX shell script, ASCII text executable
./var/lib/dpkg/info/coreutils.list:                        ASCII text
./var/lib/dpkg/info/coreutils.postinst:                    POSIX shell script, ASCII text executable
./dev/core:                                                symbolic link to /proc/kcore
root@bae226a5b14a:/# find ./ -name '*.o'
root@bae226a5b14a:/# locate string
bash: locate: command not found
root@bae226a5b14a:/# apt-get install locate
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  locate
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 81 not upgraded.
Need to get 85.3 kB of archives.
After this operation, 265 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu focal/universe amd64 locate amd64 4.7.0-1ubuntu1 [85.3 kB]
Fetched 85.3 kB in 1s (71.5 kB/s)
debconf: delaying package configuration, since apt-utils is not installed
Selecting previously unselected package locate.
(Reading database ... 12934 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../locate_4.7.0-1ubuntu1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking locate (4.7.0-1ubuntu1) ...
Setting up locate (4.7.0-1ubuntu1) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.9.1-1) ...
root@bae226a5b14a:/# locate string
root@bae226a5b14a:/# locate obj
root@bae226a5b14a:/# locate bin
root@bae226a5b14a:/# updatedb
root@bae226a5b14a:/# locate bin
/bin
/bin/bash
/bin/bunzip2
/bin/bzcat
/bin/bzcmp
/bin/bzdiff
/bin/bzegrep
/bin/bzexe
/bin/bzfgrep
/bin/bzgrep
/bin/bzip2
/bin/bzip2recover
/bin/bzless
/bin/bzmore
/bin/cat
/bin/chgrp
/bin/chmod
/bin/chown
/bin/cp
/bin/dash
/bin/date
/bin/dd
/bin/df
/bin/dir
/bin/dmesg
/bin/dnsdomainname
/bin/domainname
/bin/echo
/bin/egrep
/bin/false
/bin/fgrep
/bin/findmnt
/bin/grep
/bin/gunzip
/bin/gzexe
/bin/gzip
/bin/hostname
/bin/kill
/bin/ln
/bin/login
/bin/ls
/bin/lsblk
/bin/mkdir
/bin/mknod
/bin/mktemp
/bin/more
/bin/mount
/bin/mountpoint
/bin/mv
/bin/nisdomainname
/bin/pidof
/bin/ps
/bin/pwd
/bin/rbash
/bin/readlink
/bin/rm
/bin/rmdir
/bin/run-parts
/bin/sed
/bin/sh
/bin/sh.distrib
/bin/sleep
/bin/stty
/bin/su
/bin/sync
/bin/tar
/bin/tempfile
/bin/touch
/bin/true
/bin/umount
/bin/uname
/bin/uncompress
/bin/vdir
/bin/wdctl
/bin/which
/bin/ypdomainname
/bin/zcat
/bin/zcmp
/bin/zdiff
/bin/zegrep
/bin/zfgrep
/bin/zforce
/bin/zgrep
/bin/zless
/bin/zmore
/bin/znew
/etc/apparmor.d/local/usr.bin.man
/etc/apparmor.d/usr.bin.man
/etc/bindresvport.blacklist
/sbin
/sbin/agetty
/sbin/badblocks
/sbin/blkdiscard
/sbin/blkid
/sbin/blockdev
/sbin/cfdisk
/sbin/chcpu
/sbin/ctrlaltdel
/sbin/debugfs
/sbin/dumpe2fs
/sbin/e2fsck
/sbin/e2image
/sbin/e2label
/sbin/e2undo
/sbin/fdisk
/sbin/findfs
/sbin/fsck
/sbin/fsck.cramfs
/sbin/fsck.ext2
/sbin/fsck.ext3
/sbin/fsck.ext4
/sbin/fsck.minix
/sbin/fsfreeze
/sbin/fstab-decode
/sbin/fstrim
/sbin/getty
/sbin/hwclock
/sbin/initctl
/sbin/installkernel
/sbin/isosize
/sbin/killall5
/sbin/ldconfig
/sbin/ldconfig.real
/sbin/logsave
/sbin/losetup
/sbin/mke2fs
/sbin/mkfs
/sbin/mkfs.bfs
/sbin/mkfs.cramfs
/sbin/mkfs.ext2
/sbin/mkfs.ext3
/sbin/mkfs.ext4
/sbin/mkfs.minix
/sbin/mkhomedir_helper
/sbin/mkswap
/sbin/pam_extrausers_chkpwd
/sbin/pam_extrausers_update
/sbin/pam_tally
/sbin/pam_tally2
/sbin/pivot_root
/sbin/raw
/sbin/resize2fs
/sbin/runuser
/sbin/sfdisk
/sbin/shadowconfig
/sbin/start-stop-daemon
/sbin/sulogin
/sbin/swaplabel
/sbin/swapoff
/sbin/swapon
/sbin/switch_root
/sbin/sysctl
/sbin/tune2fs
/sbin/unix_chkpwd
/sbin/unix_update
/sbin/wipefs
/sbin/zramctl
/usr/bin
/usr/bin/[
/usr/bin/addpart
/usr/bin/apropos
/usr/bin/apt
/usr/bin/apt-cache
/usr/bin/apt-cdrom
/usr/bin/apt-config
/usr/bin/apt-get
/usr/bin/apt-key
/usr/bin/apt-mark
/usr/bin/arch
/usr/bin/awk
/usr/bin/b2sum
/usr/bin/base32
/usr/bin/base64
/usr/bin/basename
/usr/bin/bashbug
/usr/bin/bsd-from
/usr/bin/bsd-write
/usr/bin/cal
/usr/bin/calendar
/usr/bin/captoinfo
/usr/bin/catchsegv
/usr/bin/catman
/usr/bin/cautious-launcher
/usr/bin/chage
/usr/bin/chattr
/usr/bin/chcon
/usr/bin/chfn
/usr/bin/chrt
/usr/bin/chsh
/usr/bin/cksum
/usr/bin/clear
/usr/bin/clear_console
/usr/bin/cmp
/usr/bin/col
/usr/bin/colcrt
/usr/bin/colrm
/usr/bin/column
/usr/bin/comm
/usr/bin/compose
/usr/bin/csplit
/usr/bin/cut
/usr/bin/deb-systemd-helper
/usr/bin/deb-systemd-invoke
/usr/bin/debconf
/usr/bin/debconf-apt-progress
/usr/bin/debconf-communicate
/usr/bin/debconf-copydb
/usr/bin/debconf-escape
/usr/bin/debconf-set-selections
/usr/bin/debconf-show
/usr/bin/delpart
/usr/bin/diff
/usr/bin/diff3
/usr/bin/dircolors
/usr/bin/dirname
/usr/bin/dpkg
/usr/bin/dpkg-deb
/usr/bin/dpkg-divert
/usr/bin/dpkg-maintscript-helper
/usr/bin/dpkg-query
/usr/bin/dpkg-split
/usr/bin/dpkg-statoverride
/usr/bin/dpkg-trigger
/usr/bin/du
/usr/bin/edit
/usr/bin/editor
/usr/bin/env
/usr/bin/eqn
/usr/bin/ex
/usr/bin/expand
/usr/bin/expiry
/usr/bin/expr
/usr/bin/factor
/usr/bin/faillog
/usr/bin/fallocate
/usr/bin/file
/usr/bin/find
/usr/bin/flock
/usr/bin/fmt
/usr/bin/fold
/usr/bin/free
/usr/bin/from
/usr/bin/geqn
/usr/bin/getconf
/usr/bin/getent
/usr/bin/getopt
/usr/bin/ginstall-info
/usr/bin/gpasswd
/usr/bin/gpgv
/usr/bin/gpic
/usr/bin/groff
/usr/bin/grog
/usr/bin/grops
/usr/bin/grotty
/usr/bin/groups
/usr/bin/gtbl
/usr/bin/hd
/usr/bin/head
/usr/bin/helpztags
/usr/bin/hexdump
/usr/bin/hostid
/usr/bin/i386
/usr/bin/iconv
/usr/bin/id
/usr/bin/info
/usr/bin/infobrowser
/usr/bin/infocmp
/usr/bin/infotocap
/usr/bin/install
/usr/bin/install-info
/usr/bin/ionice
/usr/bin/ipcmk
/usr/bin/ipcrm
/usr/bin/ipcs
/usr/bin/ischroot
/usr/bin/join
/usr/bin/last
/usr/bin/lastb
/usr/bin/lastlog
/usr/bin/ldd
/usr/bin/lexgrog
/usr/bin/link
/usr/bin/linux32
/usr/bin/linux64
/usr/bin/locale
/usr/bin/locale-check
/usr/bin/localedef
/usr/bin/locate
/usr/bin/locate.findutils
/usr/bin/logger
/usr/bin/logname
/usr/bin/look
/usr/bin/lorder
/usr/bin/lsattr
/usr/bin/lscpu
/usr/bin/lsdev
/usr/bin/lsipc
/usr/bin/lslocks
/usr/bin/lslogins
/usr/bin/lsmem
/usr/bin/lsns
/usr/bin/lzcat
/usr/bin/lzcmp
/usr/bin/lzdiff
/usr/bin/lzegrep
/usr/bin/lzfgrep
/usr/bin/lzgrep
/usr/bin/lzless
/usr/bin/lzma
/usr/bin/lzmainfo
/usr/bin/lzmore
/usr/bin/man
/usr/bin/man-recode
/usr/bin/mandb
/usr/bin/manpath
/usr/bin/mawk
/usr/bin/mcookie
/usr/bin/md5sum
/usr/bin/md5sum.textutils
/usr/bin/mesg
/usr/bin/mkfifo
/usr/bin/namei
/usr/bin/nawk
/usr/bin/ncal
/usr/bin/neqn
/usr/bin/newgrp
/usr/bin/nice
/usr/bin/nl
/usr/bin/nohup
/usr/bin/nproc
/usr/bin/nroff
/usr/bin/nsenter
/usr/bin/numfmt
/usr/bin/od
/usr/bin/pager
/usr/bin/partx
/usr/bin/passwd
/usr/bin/paste
/usr/bin/pathchk
/usr/bin/perl
/usr/bin/perl5.26.1
/usr/bin/pgrep
/usr/bin/pic
/usr/bin/pinky
/usr/bin/pkill
/usr/bin/pldd
/usr/bin/pmap
/usr/bin/pr
/usr/bin/preconv
/usr/bin/print
/usr/bin/printenv
/usr/bin/printerbanner
/usr/bin/printf
/usr/bin/prlimit
/usr/bin/procinfo
/usr/bin/ptx
/usr/bin/pwdx
/usr/bin/realpath
/usr/bin/rename.ul
/usr/bin/renice
/usr/bin/reset
/usr/bin/resizepart
/usr/bin/rev
/usr/bin/rgrep
/usr/bin/run-mailcap
/usr/bin/runcon
/usr/bin/rview
/usr/bin/rvim
/usr/bin/savelog
/usr/bin/script
/usr/bin/scriptreplay
/usr/bin/sdiff
/usr/bin/see
/usr/bin/select-editor
/usr/bin/sensible-browser
/usr/bin/sensible-editor
/usr/bin/sensible-pager
/usr/bin/seq
/usr/bin/setarch
/usr/bin/setsid
/usr/bin/setterm
/usr/bin/sg
/usr/bin/sha1sum
/usr/bin/sha224sum
/usr/bin/sha256sum
/usr/bin/sha384sum
/usr/bin/sha512sum
/usr/bin/shred
/usr/bin/shuf
/usr/bin/skill
/usr/bin/slabtop
/usr/bin/snice
/usr/bin/socklist
/usr/bin/soelim
/usr/bin/sort
/usr/bin/split
/usr/bin/stat
/usr/bin/stdbuf
/usr/bin/sum
/usr/bin/tabs
/usr/bin/tac
/usr/bin/tail
/usr/bin/taskset
/usr/bin/tbl
/usr/bin/tee
/usr/bin/test
/usr/bin/tic
/usr/bin/timeout
/usr/bin/tload
/usr/bin/toe
/usr/bin/top
/usr/bin/touch
/usr/bin/tput
/usr/bin/tr
/usr/bin/troff
/usr/bin/truncate
/usr/bin/tset
/usr/bin/tsort
/usr/bin/tty
/usr/bin/tzselect
/usr/bin/ul
/usr/bin/unexpand
/usr/bin/uniq
/usr/bin/unlink
/usr/bin/unlzma
/usr/bin/unshare
/usr/bin/unxz
/usr/bin/update-alternatives
/usr/bin/updatedb
/usr/bin/updatedb.findutils
/usr/bin/uptime
/usr/bin/users
/usr/bin/utmpdump
/usr/bin/vi
/usr/bin/view
/usr/bin/vim
/usr/bin/vim.basic
/usr/bin/vimdiff
/usr/bin/vimtutor
/usr/bin/vmstat
/usr/bin/w
/usr/bin/w.procps
/usr/bin/wall
/usr/bin/watch
/usr/bin/wc
/usr/bin/whatis
/usr/bin/whereis
/usr/bin/which
/usr/bin/who
/usr/bin/whoami
/usr/bin/write
/usr/bin/x86_64
/usr/bin/xargs
/usr/bin/xxd
/usr/bin/xz
/usr/bin/xzcat
/usr/bin/xzcmp
/usr/bin/xzdiff
/usr/bin/xzegrep
/usr/bin/xzfgrep
/usr/bin/xzgrep
/usr/bin/xzless
/usr/bin/xzmore
/usr/bin/yes
/usr/bin/zdump
/usr/lib/man-db/globbing
/usr/lib/python3.8/binhex.py
/usr/lib/python3.8/lib-dynload/_xxsubinterpreters.cpython-38-x86_64-linux-gnu.so
/usr/local/bin
/usr/local/sbin
/usr/local/sbin/unminimize
/usr/sbin
/usr/sbin/accessdb
/usr/sbin/add-shell
/usr/sbin/addgroup
/usr/sbin/adduser
/usr/sbin/chgpasswd
/usr/sbin/chmem
/usr/sbin/chpasswd
/usr/sbin/chroot
/usr/sbin/cpgr
/usr/sbin/cppw
/usr/sbin/delgroup
/usr/sbin/deluser
/usr/sbin/dpkg-preconfigure
/usr/sbin/dpkg-reconfigure
/usr/sbin/e2freefrag
/usr/sbin/e4crypt
/usr/sbin/e4defrag
/usr/sbin/fdformat
/usr/sbin/filefrag
/usr/sbin/groupadd
/usr/sbin/groupdel
/usr/sbin/groupmems
/usr/sbin/groupmod
/usr/sbin/grpck
/usr/sbin/grpconv
/usr/sbin/grpunconv
/usr/sbin/iconvconfig
/usr/sbin/invoke-rc.d
/usr/sbin/ldattach
/usr/sbin/mklost+found
/usr/sbin/newusers
/usr/sbin/nologin
/usr/sbin/pam-auth-update
/usr/sbin/pam_getenv
/usr/sbin/pam_timestamp_check
/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d
/usr/sbin/pwck
/usr/sbin/pwconv
/usr/sbin/pwunconv
/usr/sbin/readprofile
/usr/sbin/remove-shell
/usr/sbin/rmt
/usr/sbin/rmt-tar
/usr/sbin/rtcwake
/usr/sbin/service
/usr/sbin/tarcat
/usr/sbin/update-info-dir
/usr/sbin/update-mime
/usr/sbin/update-passwd
/usr/sbin/update-rc.d
/usr/sbin/useradd
/usr/sbin/userdel
/usr/sbin/usermod
/usr/sbin/vigr
/usr/sbin/vipw
/usr/sbin/zic
/usr/share/doc/libc-bin
/usr/share/doc/libc-bin/changelog.Debian.gz
/usr/share/doc/libc-bin/copyright
/usr/share/doc/libpam-modules-bin
/usr/share/doc/libpam-modules-bin/NEWS.Debian.gz
/usr/share/doc/libpam-modules-bin/changelog.Debian.gz
/usr/share/doc/libpam-modules-bin/copyright
/usr/share/doc/ncurses-bin
/usr/share/doc/ncurses-bin/changelog.Debian.gz
/usr/share/doc/ncurses-bin/copyright
/usr/share/libc-bin
/usr/share/libc-bin/nsswitch.conf
/usr/share/lintian/overrides/libc-bin
/usr/share/lintian/overrides/libpam-modules-bin
/usr/share/man/man2/bind.2.gz
/usr/share/man/man2/mbind.2.gz
/usr/share/man/man3/bind.3posix.gz
/usr/share/man/man3/bindresvport.3.gz
/usr/share/man/man5/slabinfo.5.gz
/usr/share/man/zh_CN/man1/bind.1.gz
/usr/share/man/zh_CN/man1/wbinfo.1.gz
/usr/share/man/zh_CN/man2/bind.2.gz
/usr/share/man/zh_CN/man3/binary.3tcl.gz
/usr/share/man/zh_CN/man3/bindtags.3tk.gz
/usr/share/man/zh_CN/man3/bindtextdomain.3.gz
/usr/share/man/zh_CN/man5/binfmt.d.5.gz
/usr/share/man/zh_TW/man1/bind.1.gz
/usr/share/man/zh_TW/man1/wbinfo.1.gz
/usr/share/man/zh_TW/man2/bind.2.gz
/usr/share/man/zh_TW/man3/binary.3tcl.gz
/usr/share/man/zh_TW/man3/bindtags.3tk.gz
/usr/share/man/zh_TW/man3/bindtextdomain.3.gz
/usr/share/man/zh_TW/man5/binfmt.d.5.gz
/usr/share/sensible-utils/bin
/usr/share/sensible-utils/bin/gettext
/usr/share/vim/vim81/syntax/bindzone.vim
/var/lib/apt/lists/mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn_ubuntu_dists_focal_main_binary-amd64_Packages.lz4
/var/lib/apt/lists/mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn_ubuntu_dists_focal_multiverse_binary-amd64_Packages.lz4
/var/lib/apt/lists/mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn_ubuntu_dists_focal_restricted_binary-amd64_Packages.lz4
/var/lib/apt/lists/mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn_ubuntu_dists_focal_universe_binary-amd64_Packages.lz4
/var/lib/dpkg/info/libc-bin.conffiles
/var/lib/dpkg/info/libc-bin.list
/var/lib/dpkg/info/libc-bin.md5sums
/var/lib/dpkg/info/libc-bin.postinst
/var/lib/dpkg/info/libc-bin.triggers
/var/lib/dpkg/info/libpam-modules-bin.list
/var/lib/dpkg/info/libpam-modules-bin.md5sums
/var/lib/dpkg/info/ncurses-bin.list
/var/lib/dpkg/info/ncurses-bin.md5sums
root@bae226a5b14a:/# locate string
/usr/lib/python3.8/string.py
/usr/lib/python3.8/stringprep.py
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libunistring.so.2
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libunistring.so.2.1.0
/usr/share/alsa/ucm2/chtnau8824/PIPO-W2S-Defaultstring-CherryTrailCR.conf
/usr/share/alsa/ucm2/chtnau8824/cube-i1_TF-Defaultstring-CherryTrailCR.conf
/usr/share/alsa/ucm2/chtrt5645/TECLAST-X80Pro-Defaultstring-CherryTrailCR.conf
/usr/share/doc/libunistring2
/usr/share/doc/libunistring2/changelog.Debian.gz
/usr/share/doc/libunistring2/copyright
/usr/share/man/man1/strings.1posix.gz
/usr/share/man/man3/argz_stringify.3.gz
/usr/share/man/man3/bstring.3.gz
/usr/share/man/man3/string.3.gz
/usr/share/man/man3/xdr_string.3.gz
/usr/share/man/man3/xdr_wrapstring.3.gz
/usr/share/man/man7/string.h.7posix.gz
/usr/share/man/man7/strings.h.7posix.gz
/usr/share/man/zh_CN/man1/strings.1.gz
/usr/share/man/zh_CN/man3/string.3tcl.gz
/usr/share/man/zh_TW/man1/strings.1.gz
/usr/share/man/zh_TW/man3/string.3tcl.gz
/var/lib/dpkg/info/libunistring2:amd64.list
/var/lib/dpkg/info/libunistring2:amd64.md5sums
/var/lib/dpkg/info/libunistring2:amd64.shlibs
/var/lib/dpkg/info/libunistring2:amd64.symbols
/var/lib/dpkg/info/libunistring2:amd64.triggers
root@bae226a5b14a:/#

    　　

    2.5. 查看文件内容

    查看文件：cat vi head tail more

    显示时同时显示行号:

    $cat -n

    按页显示列表内容:

    $ls -al | more

    只看前10行:

    $head - 10 **

    显示文件第一行:

    $head -1 filename

    显示文件倒数第五行:

    $tail -5 filename

    查看两个文件间的差别:

    $diff file1 file2

    动态显示文本最新信息:

    $tail -f crawler.log

     

    root@bae226a5b14a:/# cat -n

     1

     2

     3

     4

     5

     6

     7

     8

     9

    10

    11

    12

    13
^C
root@bae226a5b14a:/# ls -al |more
total 88
drwxr-xr-x   1 root root 4096 Apr  9 07:25 .
drwxr-xr-x   1 root root 4096 Apr  9 07:25 ..
-rwxr-xr-x   1 root root    0 Apr  9 07:25 .dockerenv
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root 4096 Mar 11 21:05 bin
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root 4096 Apr 24  2018 boot
drwxr-xr-x   5 root root  360 Apr  9 07:25 dev
drwxr-xr-x   1 root root 4096 Apr  9 08:29 etc
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root 4096 Apr 24  2018 home
drwxr-xr-x   1 root root 4096 May 23  2017 lib
drwxr-xr-x   1 root root 4096 Apr  9 07:24 lib64
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root 4096 Mar 11 21:03 media
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root 4096 Mar 11 21:03 mnt
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root 4096 Mar 11 21:03 opt
dr-xr-xr-x 156 root root    0 Apr  9 07:25 proc
drwx------   1 root root 4096 Apr  9 08:08 root
drwxr-xr-x   1 root root 4096 Mar 20 19:20 run
drwxr-xr-x   1 root root 4096 Apr  9 07:24 sbin
drwxr-xr-x   2 root root 4096 Mar 11 21:03 srv
dr-xr-xr-x  13 root root    0 Apr  9 07:25 sys
drwxrwxrwt   1 root root 4096 Apr  9 08:45 tmp
drwxr-xr-x   1 root root 4096 Mar 11 21:03 usr
drwxr-xr-x   1 root root 4096 Mar 11 21:05 var
root@bae226a5b14a:/# head - 10 **
==> standard input <==


















^C
root@bae226a5b14a:/# ls
bin  boot  dev  etc  home  lib  lib64  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  run  sbin  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var
root@bae226a5b14a:/# head -1 tmp/
head: error reading 'tmp/': Is a directory
root@bae226a5b14a:/# cd tmp/
root@bae226a5b14a:/tmp# ls
root@bae226a5b14a:/tmp# cd ..
root@bae226a5b14a:/# cd bin/
root@bae226a5b14a:/bin# ls
bash     bzip2         dash           egrep     kill    mount          rm          sync        wdctl         zgrep
bunzip2  bzip2recover  date           false     ln      mountpoint     rmdir       tar         which         zless
bzcat    bzless        dd             fgrep     login   mv             run-parts   tempfile    ypdomainname  zmore
bzcmp    bzmore        df             findmnt   ls      nisdomainname  sed         touch       zcat          znew
bzdiff   cat           dir            grep      lsblk   pidof          sh          true        zcmp
bzegrep  chgrp         dmesg          gunzip    mkdir   ps             sh.distrib  umount      zdiff
bzexe    chmod         dnsdomainname  gzexe     mknod   pwd            sleep       uname       zegrep
bzfgrep  chown         domainname     gzip      mktemp  rbash          stty        uncompress  zfgrep
bzgrep   cp            echo           hostname  more    readlink       su          vdir        zforce
root@bae226a5b14a:/bin# cd ..
root@bae226a5b14a:/# echo hello>1.test
root@bae226a5b14a:/# ls
1.test  bin  boot  dev  etc  home  lib  lib64  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  run  sbin  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var
root@bae226a5b14a:/# head -1 1.test
hello
root@bae226a5b14a:/# tail -5 1.test
hello
root@bae226a5b14a:/# echo hello word>.test
root@bae226a5b14a:/# echo hello world>2.test
root@bae226a5b14a:/# tail -5 2.test
hello world
root@bae226a5b14a:/# diff 1.test 2.test
1c1
< hello word
---
> hello world
root@bae226a5b14a:/# tail -f 2.test
hello world
^C
root@bae226a5b14a:/#

    　　

    2.6. 查找文件内容

    使用egrep查询文件内容:

    egrep '03.1/CO/AE' TSF_STAT_111130.log.012
egrep 'A_LMCA777:C' TSF_STAT_111130.log.035 > co.out2

    2.7. 文件与目录权限修改

    • 改变文件的拥有者 chown
    • 改变文件读、写、执行等属性 chmod
    • 递归子目录修改： chown -R tuxapp source/
    • 增加脚本可执行权限： chmod a+x myscript

    2.8. 给文件增加别名

    创建符号链接/硬链接:

    ln cc ccAgain :硬连接；删除一个，将仍能找到；
ln -s cc ccTo :符号链接(软链接)；删除源，另一个无法使用；（后面一个ccTo 为新建的文件）

    2.9. 管道和重定向

    • 批处理命令连接执行，使用 |
    • 串联: 使用分号 ;
    • 前面成功，则执行后面一条，否则，不执行:&&
    • 前面失败，则后一条执行: ||
    ls /proc && echo  suss! || echo failed.

    能够提示命名是否执行成功or失败；

    与上述相同效果的是:

    if ls /proc; then echo suss; else echo fail; fi

    重定向:

    ls  proc/*.c > list 2> &l 将标准输出和标准错误重定向到同一文件；

    等价的是:

    ls  proc/*.c &> list

    清空文件:

    :> a.txt

    重定向:

    echo aa >> a.txt

    root@bae226a5b14a:/# echo hello word>.test
root@bae226a5b14a:/# echo hello world>2.test
root@bae226a5b14a:/# tail -5 2.test
hello world
root@bae226a5b14a:/# diff 1.test 2.test
1c1
< hello word
---
> hello world
root@bae226a5b14a:/# tail -f 2.test
hello world
^C
root@bae226a5b14a:/# ls /proc && echo  suss! || echo failed
1          config.gz  driver       ioports    kpagecgroup  modules       sched_debug  sysrq-trigger  vmallocinfo
14764      consoles   execdomains  irq        kpagecount   mounts        self         sysvipc        vmstat
acpi       cpuinfo    fb           kallsyms   kpageflags   mpt           slabinfo     thread-self    zoneinfo
buddyinfo  crypto     filesystems  kcore      loadavg      mtrr          softirqs     timer_list
bus        devices    fs           key-users  locks        net           stat         tty
cgroups    diskstats  interrupts   keys       meminfo      pagetypeinfo  swaps        uptime
cmdline    dma        iomem        kmsg       misc         partitions    sys          version
suss!
root@bae226a5b14a:/# ls /pan123 && echo  suss! || echo failed
ls: cannot access '/pan123': No such file or directory
failed
root@bae226a5b14a:/# echo aa >> a.txt
root@bae226a5b14a:/# ls
1.test  a.txt  boot  etc   lib    media  opt   root  sbin  sys  usr
2.test  bin    dev   home  lib64  mnt    proc  run   srv   tmp  var
root@bae226a5b14a:/# cat a.txt
aa
root@bae226a5b14a:/# :> a.txt
root@bae226a5b14a:/# cat a.txt
root@bae226a5b14a:/# ls  proc/*.c > list 2> &l
bash: syntax error near unexpected token `&'
root@bae226a5b14a:/# ls  proc/*.c &> list
root@bae226a5b14a:/# ls
1.test  a.txt  boot  etc   lib    list   mnt  proc  run   srv  tmp  var
2.test  bin    dev   home  lib64  media  opt  root  sbin  sys  usr
root@bae226a5b14a:/# cat list
ls: cannot access 'proc/*.c': No such file or directory
root@bae226a5b14a:/# ls  proc/*.c
ls: cannot access 'proc/*.c': No such file or directory
root@bae226a5b14a:/# ls  proc/*.c >list2> &l
bash: syntax error near unexpected token `&'
root@bae226a5b14a:/# ls
1.test  a.txt  boot  etc   lib    list   mnt  proc  run   srv  tmp  var
2.test  bin    dev   home  lib64  media  opt  root  sbin  sys  usr
root@bae226a5b14a:/# ls  proc/*.c >list2&>l
root@bae226a5b14a:/# ls
1.test  a.txt  boot  etc   l    lib64  list2  mnt  proc  run   srv  tmp  var
2.test  bin    dev   home  lib  list   media  opt  root  sbin  sys  usr
root@bae226a5b14a:/# cat 1
cat: 1: No such file or directory
root@bae226a5b14a:/# cat list2
root@bae226a5b14a:/#

    　　

    2.10. 设置环境变量

    启动帐号后自动执行的是 文件为 .profile，然后通过这个文件可设置自己的环境变量；

    安装的软件路径一般需要加入到path中:

    PATH=$APPDIR:/opt/app/soft/bin:$PATH:/usr/local/bin:$TUXDIR/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin;export PATH

    2.11. Bash快捷输入或删除

    快捷键:

    Ctl-U   删除光标到行首的所有字符,在某些设置下,删除全行
Ctl-W   删除当前光标到前边的最近一个空格之间的字符
Ctl-H   backspace,删除光标前边的字符
Ctl-R   匹配最相近的一个文件，然后输出

    2.12. 综合应用

    查找record.log中包含AAA，但不包含BBB的记录的总数:

    cat -v record.log | grep AAA | grep -v BBB | wc -l

    root@bae226a5b14a:/# $Path
root@bae226a5b14a:/# $path
root@bae226a5b14a:/# $PATH
bash: /usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin: No such file or directory
root@bae226a5b14a:/# cat -v record.log | grep AAA | grep -v BBB | wc -l
cat: record.log: No such file or directory
0
root@bae226a5b14a:/# cat AAABBBCCC>record.log
cat: AAABBBCCC: No such file or directory
root@bae226a5b14a:/# echo AAABBBCCC>record.log
root@bae226a5b14a:/# cat -v record.log | grep AAA | grep -v BBB | wc -l
0
root@bae226a5b14a:/# echo AAACCC>record.log
root@bae226a5b14a:/# cat -v record.log | grep AAA | grep -v BBB | wc -l
1
root@bae226a5b14a:/# echo BBBCCC>record.log
root@bae226a5b14a:/# cat -v record.log | grep AAA | grep -v BBB | wc -l
0
root@bae226a5b14a:/#

    　　

    2.13. 总结

    文件管理，目录的创建、删除、查询、管理: mkdir rm mv

    文件的查询和检索: find locate

    查看文件内容：cat vi tail more

    管道和重定向: ; | && >

     原文地址：

    https://linuxtools-rst.readthedocs.io/zh_CN/latest/base/02_file_manage.html

    # dockerfile


# base image
FROM ubuntu:latest

LABEL maintainer="Pan"
# WORKDIR /app

EXPOSE 3000
EXPOSE 35729

COPY sources.list /etc/apt
RUN  apt-get update 
# && apt-get install -y locales 
# && apt-get install debconf 
# && echo "Asia/Shanghai" > /etc/timezone 
# && dpkg-reconfigure -f noninteractive tzdata  
# && cp /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime 
# && sed -i -e 's/# en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8/en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8/' /etc/locale.gen 
# && echo 'LANG="en_US.UTF-8"'>/etc/default/locale 
# && dpkg-reconfigure --frontend=noninteractive locales 
# && update-locale LANG=en_US.UTF-8 
&& apt-get install -y man 
&& apt-get install manpages 
&& apt-get install manpages-dev 
&& apt-get install manpages-posix 
&& apt-get install manpages-posix-dev 
&& apt-get install -y vim 
&& apt-get install -y info 
&& apt-get install locate

# CMD ["/bin"]

    　　
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  • 原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/panpanwelcome/p/12668104.html
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