Installing and setting up Oracle GoldenGate connecting to an Oracle database
Also please make sure the Oracle database is in archive log mode
[oracle@ggos ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Wed Sep 4 21:00:12 2013 Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/arch'; System altered. SQL> shutdown immediate Database closed. Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. SQL> startup mount ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 835104768 bytes Fixed Size 2257840 bytes Variable Size 717229136 bytes Database Buffers 113246208 bytes Redo Buffers 2371584 bytes Database mounted. SQL> alter database archivelog; Database altered. SQL> alter database open; Database altered. SQL> archive log list Database log mode Archive Mode Automatic archival Enabled Archive destination /u01/app/oracle/oradata/arch Oldest online log sequence 3 Next log sequence to archive 5 Current log sequence 5 SQL>
In addition you should enable minimum supplemental logging
SQL> alter database add supplemental log data; Database altered.
SQL> alter database force logging; Database altered.
SQL> SELECT force_logging, supplemental_log_data_min FROM v$database; FOR SUPPLEME --- -------- YES YES
export PATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/bin:${PATH}:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch:/u01/app/oracle/ggs
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/u01/app/oracle/ggs/lib
The first step is to open the GoldenGate command line interface and to create the necessary subdirectories
[oracle@ggos ggs]$ ./ggsci Oracle GoldenGate Command Interpreter for Oracle Version 11.2.1.0.7 16934304 OGGCORE_11.2.1.0.7_PLATFORMS_130709.1600.1_FBO Linux, x64, 64bit (optimized), Oracle 11g on Jul 18 2013 07:04:28 Copyright (C) 1995, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. GGSCI (ggos) 1> create subdirs Creating subdirectories under current directory /u01/app/oracle/ggs Parameter files /u01/app/oracle/ggs/dirprm: already exists Report files /u01/app/oracle/ggs/dirrpt: created Checkpoint files /u01/app/oracle/ggs/dirchk: created Process status files /u01/app/oracle/ggs/dirpcs: created SQL script files /u01/app/oracle/ggs/dirsql: created Database definitions files /u01/app/oracle/ggs/dirdef: created Extract data files /u01/app/oracle/ggs/dirdat: created Temporary files /u01/app/oracle/ggs/dirtmp: created Stdout files /u01/app/oracle/ggs/dirout: created GGSCI (ggos) 2>
The second step is to create a parameter file for the manager which at least contains a PORT number for the manager
GGSCI (ggos) 3> edit param mgr
add the following content to the parameter file
GGSCI (ggos) 2> view param mgr PORT 7809
Save the parameter file, exit from the editor, start the manager and verify if it is running
GGSCI (ggos) 1> start mgr Manager started. GGSCI (ggos) 2> info all Program Status Group Lag at Chkpt Time Since Chkpt MANAGER RUNNING GGSCI (ggos) 3> info mgr Manager is running (IP port ggos.7809).
Installing and setting up Oracle GoldenGate on the PostgreSQL machine
Then add the lib directory to the LD_LIBRARY_PATH and PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/data/pgsql/lib:/data/pgsql/ggs/lib export PATH=/data/pgsql/bin:/data/pgsql/ggs:$PATH
GoldenGate uses an ODBC connection to connect to the Postgres database. The ODBC driver is shipped with the installation and on Unix you have to create the ODBC configuration file which is commonly called odbc.ini on your own
Here the file I used
[postgres@ggpgt ggs]$ pwd /data/pgsql/ggs [postgres@ggpgt ggs]$ cat odbc.ini [ODBC Data Sources] GG_Postgres=DataDirect 6.1 PostgreSQL Wire Protocol [ODBC] IANAAppCodePage=106 InstallDir=/data/pgsql/ggs [GG_Postgres] Driver=/data/pgsql/ggs/lib/GGpsql25.so Description=DataDirect 6.1 PostgreSQL Wire Protocol Database=repdb HostName=ggpgt PortNumber=1521 LogonID=zwc Password=zwc
Finally we need to export an ODBC environment variable which is called ODBCINI and points to the odbc.ini file we just created
export ODBCINI=/data/pgsql/ggs/odbc.ini
We've prepared the ODBC set up, now let's start with the GoldenGate set up. Similar to the installation on the Oracle database host we first create the GoldenGate subdirectories
[postgres@ggpgt ggs]$ ./ggsci Oracle GoldenGate Command Interpreter Version 11.2.1.0.2 OGGCORE_11.2.1.0.2T3_PLATFORMS_120724.2205 Linux, x64, 64bit (optimized), PostgreSQL on Jul 25 2012 00:32:24 Copyright (C) 1995, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. GGSCI (ggpgt) 1> create subdirs Creating subdirectories under current directory /data/pgsql/ggs Parameter files /data/pgsql/ggs/dirprm: already exists Report files /data/pgsql/ggs/dirrpt: created Checkpoint files /data/pgsql/ggs/dirchk: created Process status files /data/pgsql/ggs/dirpcs: created SQL script files /data/pgsql/ggs/dirsql: created Database definitions files /data/pgsql/ggs/dirdef: created Extract data files /data/pgsql/ggs/dirdat: created Temporary files /data/pgsql/ggs/dirtmp: created Stdout files /data/pgsql/ggs/dirout: created
create the Manager parameter file and start the manager
GGSCI (ggpgt) 3> view param mgr PORT 7809
Once we created the parameter file we can start the manager and check its status
GGSCI (ggpgt) 9> start mgr Manager started. GGSCI (ggpgt) 10> info all Program Status Group Lag at Chkpt Time Since Chkpt MANAGER RUNNING GGSCI (ggpgt) 11> info mgr Manager is running (IP port ggpgt.7809).
Demo table in Oracle and PostgreSQL
As mentioned, it is a basic set up without using initial load nor a data pump process. So we only create a simple table in Oracle and Postgres to replicate data. My Oracle database has a user called postgres and this user will now own a table ggtest
[oracle@ggos ~]$ sqlplus zwc SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Wed Sep 4 21:40:03 2013 Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved. Enter password: Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options SQL> create table ggtest(col1 number,col2 varchar2(50)); Table created. SQL> alter table ggtest add primary key(col1); Table altered.
Then you can connect with a Postgres utility to the Postgres database and create a similar table in the public schema
[postgres@ggpgt ~]$ psql -U zwc -d repdb -h ggpgt
Password for user zwc:
psql (9.2.4)
Type "help" for help.
repdb=> create table "public"."ggtest"
repdb-> (
repdb(> "col1" integer NOT NULL,
repdb(> "col2" varchar(20),
repdb(> CONSTRAINT "PK_Col111" PRIMARY KEY ("col1")
repdb(> );
NOTICE: CREATE TABLE / PRIMARY KEY will create implicit index "PK_Col111" for table "ggtest"
CREATE TABLE
repdb-> d+ ggtest
Table "public.ggtest"
Column | Type | Modifiers | Storage | Stats target | Description
--------+-----------------------+-----------+----------+--------------+-------------
col1 | integer | not null | plain | |
col2 | character varying(20) | | extended | |
Indexes:
"PK_Col111" PRIMARY KEY, btree (col1)
Has OIDs: no
Verify Oracle DB connection
To check the connection to the Oracle database we can use the GoldenGate command interface, log into the Oracle db, list the tables we can capture and check their data types
[oracle@ggos ggs]$ ./ggsci Oracle GoldenGate Command Interpreter for Oracle Version 11.2.1.0.7 16934304 OGGCORE_11.2.1.0.7_PLATFORMS_130709.1600.1_FBO Linux, x64, 64bit (optimized), Oracle 11g on Jul 18 2013 07:04:28 Copyright (C) 1995, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. GGSCI (ggos) 1> dblogin userid zwc, password zwc Successfully logged into database. GGSCI (ggos) 2> list tables * ZWC.GGTEST Found 1 tables matching list criteria. GGSCI (ggos) 3> capture tabledef zwc.ggtest Table definitions for ZWC.GGTEST: COL1 NUMBER NOT NULL PK COL2 VARCHAR (50)
Verify PostgreSQL ODBC connection
To check the ODBC connection to the Postgres database we also use the GoldenGate command line tool
[postgres@ggpgt ggs]$ ./ggsci Oracle GoldenGate Command Interpreter Version 11.2.1.0.2 OGGCORE_11.2.1.0.2T3_PLATFORMS_120724.2205 Linux, x64, 64bit (optimized), PostgreSQL on Jul 25 2012 00:32:24 Copyright (C) 1995, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. GGSCI (ggpgt) 1> dblogin sourcedb gg_postgres userid zwc Password: 2013-09-04 13:56:35 INFO OGG-03036 Database character set identified as UTF-8. Locale: en_US. 2013-09-04 13:56:35 INFO OGG-03037 Session character set identified as UTF-8. Successfully logged into database. GGSCI (ggpgt) 2> list tables * public.ggtest public.t Found 2 tables matching list criteria. GGSCI (ggpgt) 3> capture tabledef "public"."ggtest" Table definitions for public.ggtest: col1 NUMBER (10) NOT NULL PK col2 VARCHAR (20)
GoldenGate extract process
In the following section we create an extract process that captures the changes for the GGTEST table in the Oracle database and copies the changes directly to the Postgres machine
Every process needs it config file, so let's create it for the extract process
GGSCI (ggos) 1> edit param epos
with these parameters
GGSCI (ggos) 3> view param epos EXTRACT epos SETENV (NLS_LANG="AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK") SETENV (ORACLE_HOME="/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1") SETENV (ORACLE_SID="oraprod") USERID zwc, PASSWORD zwc RMTHOST ggpgt, MGRPORT 7809 RMTTRAIL /data/pgsql/ggs/dirdat/ep TABLE zwc.ggtest;
My extract process is called epos and it connects as user ZWC using the password zwc to the Oracle database. It will extract changes on the Oracle table ggtest stored in the postgres schema and will put the information into a trail file on my Postgres machine.
Once we created the parameter file we can add the extract process and start it
GGSCI (ggos) 4> add extract epos, tranlog, begin now EXTRACT added. GGSCI (ggos) 5> add exttrail /data/pgsql/ggs/dirdat/ep, extract epos, megabytes 5 EXTTRAIL added. GGSCI (ggos) 6> start epos Sending START request to MANAGER ... EXTRACT EPOS starting GGSCI (ggos) 7> info all Program Status Group Lag at Chkpt Time Since Chkpt MANAGER RUNNING EXTRACT RUNNING EPOS 00:00:00 00:00:00
GGSCI (ggos) 12> info extract epos
EXTRACT EPOS Last Started 2013-09-04 22:07 Status RUNNING
Checkpoint Lag 00:00:00 (updated 00:00:00 ago)
Log Read Checkpoint Oracle Redo Logs
2013-09-04 22:07:58 Seqno 7, RBA 18612736
SCN 0.1040942 (1040942)
Create DEFINITIONS File
We're replicating data in a heterogeneous environment, so we need to give the process loading the data into the Postgres database more details about the data in the extract file. This is done by creating a definitions file using defgen. As usual we have to create a parameter file
GGSCI (ggos) 17> view param defgen DEFSFILE /u01/app/oracle/ggs/dirdef/GGTEST.def USERID zwc, password zwc TABLE ZWC.GGTEST;
Now exit from ggsci and call defgen on the command line and add the reference to the defgen parameter file just created
[oracle@ggos ggs]$ ./defgen paramfile ./dirprm/defgen.prm *********************************************************************** Oracle GoldenGate Table Definition Generator for Oracle Version 11.2.1.0.7 16934304 OGGCORE_11.2.1.0.7_PLATFORMS_130709.1600.1 Linux, x64, 64bit (optimized), Oracle 11g on Jul 18 2013 04:10:02 Copyright (C) 1995, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Starting at 2013-09-04 22:24:21 *********************************************************************** Operating System Version: Linux Version #1 SMP Wed Feb 22 17:37:40 EST 2012, Release 2.6.32-300.10.1.el5uek Node: ggos Machine: x86_64 soft limit hard limit Address Space Size : unlimited unlimited Heap Size : unlimited unlimited File Size : unlimited unlimited CPU Time : unlimited unlimited Process id: 29365 *********************************************************************** ** Running with the following parameters ** *********************************************************************** DEFSFILE /u01/app/oracle/ggs/dirdef/GGTEST.def USERID zwc, password *** TABLE ZWC.GGTEST; Retrieving definition for ZWC.GGTEST Definitions generated for 1 table in /u01/app/oracle/ggs/dirdef/GGTEST.def
[oracle@ggos ggs]$ cat dirdef/GGTEST.def *+- Defgen version 2.0, Encoding UTF-8 * * Definitions created/modified 2013-09-04 22:24 * * Field descriptions for each column entry: * * 1 Name * 2 Data Type * 3 External Length * 4 Fetch Offset * 5 Scale * 6 Level * 7 Null * 8 Bump if Odd * 9 Internal Length * 10 Binary Length * 11 Table Length * 12 Most Significant DT * 13 Least Significant DT * 14 High Precision * 15 Low Precision * 16 Elementary Item * 17 Occurs * 18 Key Column * 19 Sub Data Type * Database type: ORACLE Character set ID: windows-936 National character set ID: UTF-16 Locale: neutral Case sensitivity: 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 11 14 14 14 * Definition for table ZWC.GGTEST Record length: 112 Syskey: 0 Columns: 2 COL1 64 50 0 0 0 1 0 50 50 50 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 2 COL2 64 50 56 0 0 1 0 50 50 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 End of definition
Copy DEFGEN File
As the replicat process needs details about the source database, we copy the generated definitions file located on our Oracle machine in the <GoldenGate home>/dirdef/GGTEST.def to the target machine where the Postgres database is installed into the <GoldenGate home>./dirdef/GGTEST.def directory.
[oracle@ggos ggs]$ scp dirdef/GGTEST.def postgres@ggpgt:/data/pgsql/ggs/dirdef The authenticity of host 'ggpgt (192.168.1.235)' can't be established. RSA key fingerprint is a2:87:27:d3:58:63:76:72:ab:d3:84:8e:43:fc:d7:be. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes Warning: Permanently added 'ggpgt,192.168.1.235' (RSA) to the list of known hosts. postgres@ggpgt's password: GGTEST.def 100% 996 1.0KB/s 00:00 [oracle@ggos ggs]$
PostgreSQL replicat
Our extract process is set up to write all changes for the table GGTEST directly to the Postgres database machine into an extract file located in the dirdat directory. So we only need a process that reads those changes from the trail file and distributes it to the Postgres database. This process is called a replicat process running on the Postgres machine and it needs a parameter file
GGSCI (ggpgt) 6> view param rpos REPLICAT rpos SOURCEDEFS /data/pgsql/ggs/dirdef/GGTEST.def SETENV ( PGCLIENTENCODING = "UTF8" ) SETENV (ODBCINI="/data/pgsql/ggs/odbc.ini" ) SETENV (NLS_LANG="AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8") TARGETDB GG_Postgres, USERID zwc, PASSWORD zwc DISCARDFILE /data/pgsql/ggs/dirrpt/diskg.dsc, purge MAP ZWC.GGTEST, TARGET public.ggtest, COLMAP (COL1=col1,COL2=col2);
Create the replicat process, start it and verify if it is running
GGSCI (ggpgt) 8> add replicat rpos, NODBCHECKPOINT, exttrail /data/pgsql/ggs/dirdat/ep
REPLICAT added.
GGSCI (ggpgt) 9> start rpos
Sending START request to MANAGER ...
REPLICAT RPOS starting
GGSCI (ggpgt) 10> info all
Program Status Group Lag at Chkpt Time Since Chkpt
MANAGER RUNNING
REPLICAT RUNNING RPOS 00:00:00 00:00:00
GGSCI (ggpgt) 11> info all
Program Status Group Lag at Chkpt Time Since Chkpt
MANAGER RUNNING
REPLICAT RUNNING RPOS 00:00:00 00:00:02
GGSCI (ggpgt) 12> view report rpos
***********************************************************************
Oracle GoldenGate Delivery
Version 11.2.1.0.2 OGGCORE_11.2.1.0.2T3_PLATFORMS_120724.2205
Linux, x64, 64bit (optimized), PostgreSQL on Jul 25 2012 01:37:05
Copyright (C) 1995, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Starting at 2013-09-04 14:34:27
***********************************************************************
Operating System Version:
Linux
Version #1 SMP Fri Jul 22 04:43:29 EDT 2011, Release 2.6.18-274.el5
Node: ggpgt
Machine: x86_64
soft limit hard limit
Address Space Size : unlimited unlimited
Heap Size : unlimited unlimited
File Size : unlimited unlimited
CPU Time : unlimited unlimited
Process id: 22305
Description:
***********************************************************************
** Running with the following parameters **
***********************************************************************
2013-09-04 14:34:27 INFO OGG-03035 Operating system character set identified as UTF-8. Locale: en_US, LC_ALL:.
REPLICAT rpos
SOURCEDEFS /data/pgsql/ggs/dirdef/GGTEST.def
SETENV ( PGCLIENTENCODING = "UTF8" )
Set environment variable (PGCLIENTENCODING=UTF8)
SETENV (ODBCINI="/data/pgsql/ggs/odbc.ini" )
Set environment variable (ODBCINI=/data/pgsql/ggs/odbc.ini)
SETENV (NLS_LANG="AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8")
Set environment variable (NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8)
TARGETDB GG_Postgres, USERID zwc, PASSWORD ***
2013-09-04 14:34:27 INFO OGG-03036 Database character set identified as UTF-8. Locale: en_US.
2013-09-04 14:34:27 INFO OGG-03037 Session character set identified as UTF-8.
DISCARDFILE /data/pgsql/ggs/dirrpt/diskg.dsc, purge
MAP ZWC.GGTEST, TARGET public.ggtest, COLMAP (COL1=col1,COL2=col2);
2013-09-04 14:34:27 INFO OGG-01815 Virtual Memory Facilities for: COM
anon alloc: mmap(MAP_ANON) anon free: munmap
file alloc: mmap(MAP_SHARED) file free: munmap
target directories:
/data/pgsql/ggs/dirtmp.
CACHEMGR virtual memory values (may have been adjusted)
CACHESIZE: 2G
CACHEPAGEOUTSIZE (normal): 8M
PROCESS VM AVAIL FROM OS (min): 4G
CACHESIZEMAX (strict force to disk): 3.41G
Database Version:
PostgreSQL
Version 09.02.0004
ODBC Version 03.52.0000
Driver Information:
GGpsql25.so
Version 06.10.0068 (B0059, U0030)
ODBC Version 03.52
***********************************************************************
** Run Time Messages **
***********************************************************************
Opened trail file /data/pgsql/ggs/dirdat/ep000000 at 2013-09-04 14:34:27
Testing the configuration
Finally we can now test the whole set up and insert a record into the Oracle database
[oracle@ggos ~]$ sqlplus zwc
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Wed Sep 4 22:38:16 2013
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Enter password:
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL> insert into ggtest values(1,'Hi Zhong Weicheng');
1 row created.
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
SQL> select * from ggtest;
COL1 COL2
---------- --------------------------------------------------
1 Hi Zhong Weicheng
Check with a PostgreSQL tool if our newly inserted record is replicated
[postgres@ggpgt ggs]$ psql -U zwc -d repdb
psql (9.2.4)
Type "help" for help.
repdb=> select * from ggtest;
col1 | col2
------+-------------------
1 | Hi Zhong Weicheng
(1 row)
repdb=>
Check with GoldenGate tool logdump
[postgres@ggpgt ggs]$ ./logdump Oracle GoldenGate Log File Dump Utility Version 11.2.1.0.2 OGGCORE_11.2.1.0.2T3_PLATFORMS_120724.2205 Copyright (C) 1995, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Logdump 1 >open /data/pgsql/ggs/dirdat/ep000000 Current LogTrail is /data/pgsql/ggs/dirdat/ep000000 Logdump 2 >ghdr ON Logdump 3 >headertoken on Logdump 4 >usertoken on Logdump 5 >detail on Logdump 6 >detail data Logdump 7 >n TokenID x46 'F' Record Header Info xff80 Length 1050 TokenID x30 '0' TrailInfo Info x00 Length 429 TokenID x31 '1' MachineInfo Info x00 Length 102 TokenID x32 '2' DatabaseInfo Info x00 Length 357 TokenID x33 '3' ProducerInfo Info x00 Length 126 TokenID x34 '4' ContinunityInfo Info x00 Length 8 TokenID x5a 'Z' Record Trailer Info xff80 Length 1050 2013/09/04 22:07:34.254.624 FileHeader Len 1042 RBA 0 Name: *FileHeader* 3000 01ad 3000 0008 4747 0d0a 544c 0a0d 3100 0002 | 0...0...GG..TL..1... 0003 3200 0004 2000 0000 3300 0008 02f2 0bc2 c871 | ..2... ...3........q 2820 3400 0023 0021 7572 693a 6767 6f73 3a3a 7530 | ( 4..#.!uri:ggos::u0 313a 6170 703a 6f72 6163 6c65 3a67 6773 3a45 504f | 1:app:oracle:ggs:EPO 5336 0000 2100 1f2f 6461 7461 2f70 6773 716c 2f67 | S6..!../data/pgsql/g 6773 2f64 6972 6461 742f 6570 3030 3030 3030 3700 | gs/dirdat/ep0000007. 0001 0138 0000 0400 0000 0039 ff00 0800 0000 0000 | ...8.......9........ Logdump 8 >n TokenID x47 'G' Record Header Info x01 Length 145 TokenID x48 'H' GHDR Info x00 Length 45 TokenID x44 'D' Data Info x00 Length 34 TokenID x54 'T' GGS Tokens Info x00 Length 46 TokenID x5a 'Z' Record Trailer Info x01 Length 145 ___________________________________________________________________ Hdr-Ind : E (x45) Partition : . (x04) UndoFlag : . (x00) BeforeAfter: A (x41) RecLength : 34 (x0022) IO Time : 2013/09/04 14:38:19.020.741 IOType : 5 (x05) OrigNode : 255 (xff) TransInd : . (x03) FormatType : R (x52) SyskeyLen : 0 (x00) Incomplete : . (x00) AuditRBA : 7 AuditPos : 18997776 Continued : N (x00) RecCount : 1 (x01) 2013/09/04 14:38:19.020.741 Insert Len 34 RBA 1050 Name: ZWC.GGTEST After Image: Partition 4 G s 0000 0005 0000 0001 3100 0100 1500 0000 1148 6920 | ........1........Hi 5a68 6f6e 6720 5765 6963 6865 6e67 | Zhong Weicheng Column 0 (x0000), Len 5 (x0005) 0000 0001 31 | ....1 Column 1 (x0001), Len 21 (x0015) 0000 0011 4869 205a 686f 6e67 2057 6569 6368 656e | ....Hi Zhong Weichen 67 | g