linux bash关闭标准输出1（exec 1<&-）后重新打开

linux bash shell的再次学习。

文件描述符：

stdin，stdout 和 stderr 的文件描述符分别是 0，1 和 2(一个文件描述符说白了就是文件系统为了跟踪这个打开的文件而分配给它的一个数字）

1 .避免管道产生的子shell

 #!/bin/bash
 
 E_WRONG_ARGS=71
 if [ -z "$1" ]
 then
     echo "Usage: $0 input-file"
     exit $E_WRONG_ARGS
 fi
 
 Lines=0
 
 cat "$1" | while read line; # 管道会产生子 shell
 do {
     echo $line
     (( Lines++ )); #  增加这个变量的值
     # 但是外部循环却不能访问
 }
 done
 
 echo "Number of lines read = $Lines" # 0
 # 错误!
 echo "------------------------"
 exec 3<> "$1"
 while read line <&3
 do {
     echo "$line"
     (( Lines++ )); #  增加这个变量的值
     # 现在外部循环就可以访问了
     #  没有子shell, 现在就没问题了
 }
 done
 exec 3>&-
 echo "Number of lines read = $Lines"
 exit 0
                                                                             

　　

2.绑定屏幕的便准输出到 out这个文件，即将所有的标准输出都输出到out这个文件当中。

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参考：https://www.cnblogs.com/sparkdev/p/10247187.html

这样子来读入文件fly的内容

 清空文件

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Reopen STDOUT and STDERR after closing them?

I am running this on an Ubuntu machine, so I am not sure if it'll work for you, but this is what I did:

$ exec 1>&0
$ exec 2>&0

Suddenly, I had STDOUT and STDERR reconnected. Magic!

Explanation: Running the following commands, we get the following output:

$ ls -l /dev/stdout
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Jun 11 23:39 /dev/stdout -> /proc/self/fd/1

$ ls -l /proc/self/fd/1
lrwx------ 1 jay jay 64 Jun 22 01:34 /proc/self/fd/1 -> /dev/pts/10

$ ls -l /proc/self/fd/
total 0
lrwx------ 1 jay jay 64 Jun 22 01:35 0 -> /dev/pts/10
lrwx------ 1 jay jay 64 Jun 22 01:35 1 -> /dev/pts/10
lrwx------ 1 jay jay 64 Jun 22 01:35 2 -> /dev/pts/10
lr-x------ 1 jay jay 64 Jun 22 01:35 3 -> /proc/12224/fd

Since all three fd's point to the same thing, we can return them back to normal just by pointing to /dev/pts/10 which the exec 1>&0 and exec 2>&0 do