以下转载自:http://hongweiyi.com/2013/03/apache-solr-facet-introduction/
1、什么是Faceted Search
Facet['fæsɪt]很难翻译,只能靠例子来理解了。Solr作者Yonik Seeley也给出更为直接的名字:导航(Guided Navigation)、参数化查询(Paramatic Search)。
上面是比较直接的Faceted Search例子,品牌、产品特征、卖家,均是Facet。而Apple、Lenovo等品牌,就是Facet values或者说Constraints,而Facet values所带的统计值就是Facet count/Constraint count。
2、Facet使用
q = 超级本
facet = true
facet.field = 产品特性
facet.field = 品牌
facet.field = 卖家
http://…/select?q=超级本&facet=true&wt=json
&facet.field=品牌&facet.field=产品特性&facet.field=卖家
也可以提交查询条件,设置fq(filter query)。
q = 电脑
facet = true
fq = 价格:[8000 TO *]
facet.mincount = 1 // fq将不符合的字段过滤后,会显示count为0
facet.field = 产品特性
facet.field = 品牌
facet.field = 卖家
http://…/select?q=超级本&facet=true&wt=json
&fq=价格:[8000 TO *]&facet.mincount=1
&facet.field=品牌&facet.field=产品特性&facet.field=卖家
"facet_counts": { "facet_fields": { "品牌": [ "Apple", 4, "Lenovo", 39 …] "产品特性": [ "显卡", 42, "酷睿", 38 …] …}}
如果用户选择了Apple这个分类,查询条件中需要添加另外一个fq查询条件,并移除Apple所在的facet.field。
http://…/select?q=超级本&facet=true&wt=json
&fq=价格:[8000 TO *]&fq=品牌:Apple&facet.mincount=1
&facet.field=品牌&facet.field=产品特性&facet.field=卖家
3、Facet参数
facet.prefix – 限制constaints的前缀
facet.mincount=0 – 限制constants count的最小返回值,默认为0
facet.sort=count – 排序的方式,根据count或者index
facet.offset=0 – 表示在当前排序情况下的偏移,可以做分页
facet.limit=100 – constraints返回的数目
facet.missing=false – 是否返回没有值的field
facet.date – Deprecated, use facet.range
facet.query
指定一个查询字符串作为Facet Constraint
facet.query = rank:[* TO 20]
facet.query = rank:[21 TO *]
"facet_counts": { "facet_fields": { "品牌": [ "Apple", 4, "Lenovo", 10 …] "产品特性": [ "显卡", 11, "酷睿", 20 …] …}}
facet.range
http://…/select?&facet=true
&facet.range=price
&facet.range.start=5000
&facet.range.end=8000
&facet.range.gap=1000
<result numFound="27" ... /> ... <lst name="facet_counts"> <lst name="facet_queries"> <int name="rank:[* TO 20]">2</int> <int name="rank:[21 TO *]">15</int> </lst> ...
WARNING: range范围是左闭右开,[start, end)
facet.pivot
这个是Solr 4.0的新特性,pivot和facet一样难理解,还是用例子来讲吧。
Syntax: facet.pivot=field1,field2,field3...
e.g. facet.pivot=comment_user, grade
#docs |
#docs grade:好 |
#docs 等级:中 |
#docs 等级:差 |
|
comment_user:1 |
10 |
8 |
1 |
1 |
comment_user:2 |
20 |
18 |
2 |
0 |
comment_user:3 |
15 |
12 |
2 |
1 |
comment_user:4 |
18 |
15 |
2 |
1 |
"facet_counts":{ "facet_pivot":{ "comment_user, grade ":[{ "field":"comment_user", "value":"1", "count":10, "pivot":[{ "field":"grade", "value":"好", "count":8}, { "field":"grade", "value":"中", "count":1}, { "field":"grade", "value":"差", "count":1}] }, { "field":" comment_user ", "value":"2", "count":20, "pivot":[{ …
没有pivot机制的话,要做到上面那点可能需要多次查询:
http://...q=comment&fq=grade:好&facet=true&facet.field=comment_user
http://...q=comment&fq=grade:中&facet=true&facet.field=comment_user
http://...q=comment&fq=grade:差&facet=true&facet.field=comment_user
Facet.pivot - Computes a Matrix of Constraint Counts across multiple Facet Fields. by Yonik Seeley.
上面那个解释很不错,只能理解不能翻译。