• 推荐:使用 Anaconda 工具搭建并管理 Python 环境


    https://www.anaconda.com/distribution/#download-section  官网下载地址

    https://www.anaconda.com/products/individual    下载地址在页面底部区域

    https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/anaconda/     Anaconda 镜像使用帮助

    https://repo.anaconda.com/archive/Anaconda2-2019.07-Windows-x86_64.exe  64bit  for Python 2.7 version,使用IDM下载即可

    https://repo.anaconda.com/archive/Anaconda3-2019.07-Windows-x86_64.exe   64bit  for  Python 3.7 version ,使用IDM下载即可

    Anaconda3 没有开始菜单,参考:https://www.jianshu.com/p/beb59ca2b46e   ?


     一、安装 Anaconda2-2019.07-Windows-x86_64.exe

     

     开始菜单

    安装完成。已经自动安装了python 2.7.16

    可以将 “D:PythonWorkAnaconda2” 目录添加到path中

    二、再安装 python 3.7

    开始菜单 --> 启动 Anaconda Prompt (Anaconda2)

    运行命令:conda create -n python37 python=3.7

    安装过程:

    (base) C:Userszh>conda create -n python37 python=3.7
    Collecting package metadata (current_repodata.json): done
    Solving environment: done
    
    
    ==> WARNING: A newer version of conda exists. <==
      current version: 4.7.10
      latest version: 4.7.11
    
    Please update conda by running
    
        $ conda update -n base -c defaults conda
    
    
    
    ## Package Plan ##
    
      environment location: D:PythonWorkAnaconda2envspython37
    
      added / updated specs:
        - python=3.7
    
    
    The following packages will be downloaded:
    
        package                    |            build
        ---------------------------|-----------------
        ca-certificates-2019.5.15  |                1         127 KB
        certifi-2019.6.16          |           py37_1         152 KB
        openssl-1.1.1d             |       he774522_0         5.7 MB
        pip-19.2.2                 |           py37_0         1.7 MB
        python-3.7.4               |       h5263a28_0        14.7 MB
        setuptools-41.0.1          |           py37_0         520 KB
        sqlite-3.29.0              |       he774522_0         624 KB
        vc-14.1                    |       h0510ff6_4           6 KB
        vs2015_runtime-14.16.27012 |       hf0eaf9b_0         1.1 MB
        wheel-0.33.4               |           py37_0          57 KB
        wincertstore-0.2           |           py37_0          14 KB
        ------------------------------------------------------------
                                               Total:        24.7 MB
    
    The following NEW packages will be INSTALLED:
    
      ca-certificates    pkgs/main/win-64::ca-certificates-2019.5.15-1
      certifi            pkgs/main/win-64::certifi-2019.6.16-py37_1
      openssl            pkgs/main/win-64::openssl-1.1.1d-he774522_0
      pip                pkgs/main/win-64::pip-19.2.2-py37_0
      python             pkgs/main/win-64::python-3.7.4-h5263a28_0
      setuptools         pkgs/main/win-64::setuptools-41.0.1-py37_0
      sqlite             pkgs/main/win-64::sqlite-3.29.0-he774522_0
      vc                 pkgs/main/win-64::vc-14.1-h0510ff6_4
      vs2015_runtime     pkgs/main/win-64::vs2015_runtime-14.16.27012-hf0eaf9b_0
      wheel              pkgs/main/win-64::wheel-0.33.4-py37_0
      wincertstore       pkgs/main/win-64::wincertstore-0.2-py37_0
    
    
    Proceed ([y]/n)? y
    
    
    Downloading and Extracting Packages
    vc-14.1              | 6 KB      | #################################### | 100%
    wincertstore-0.2     | 14 KB     | #################################### | 100%
    pip-19.2.2           | 1.7 MB    | #################################### | 100%
    vs2015_runtime-14.16 | 1.1 MB    | #################################### | 100%
    openssl-1.1.1d       | 5.7 MB    | #################################### | 100%
    setuptools-41.0.1    | 520 KB    | #################################### | 100%
    certifi-2019.6.16    | 152 KB    | #################################### | 100%
    ca-certificates-2019 | 127 KB    | #################################### | 100%
    wheel-0.33.4         | 57 KB     | #################################### | 100%
    sqlite-3.29.0        | 624 KB    | #################################### | 100%
    python-3.7.4         | 14.7 MB   | #################################### | 100%
    Preparing transaction: done
    Verifying transaction: done
    Executing transaction: done
    #
    # To activate this environment, use
    #
    #     $ conda activate python37
    #
    # To deactivate an active environment, use
    #
    #     $ conda deactivate
    
    
    (base) C:Userszh>

    切到python 3.7 命令:conda activate python37

    回到python 2.7 命令:conda deactivate

    三、打开 python IDE工具

    开始菜单 ---启动---> Spyder (Anaconda2)

    主界面,默认使用的是 Python 2.7:

    如何让 Spyder 使用Python 3.7 ?

    方法步骤:

    开始菜单 --> 启动 Anaconda Prompt (Anaconda2) ,然后依次运行如下命令:

    1. 切到python 3.7 命令:conda activate python37

    2. 安装spyder命令: conda install spyder

    3. 命令行启动:spyder

    当然,开始菜单也可以启动 ---> Spyder (python37)

    经过上述步骤后,若想使用python 2.7,则启动“Spyder (Anaconda2)” ;若想使用python 3.x,则启动“Spyder (python37)” 即可,完美!

    备注:

    安装第三方包:

    方法1: conda install xlwt  (以安装xlwt 为例)

    方法2:采用Anaconda Navigator来安装(开始菜单---启动),简单方便

    注意:

    如果为python 3.7 安装 第三方包(xlwt),则需要先切到 python37,然后再执行安装

    参考:

    https://www.cnblogs.com/liruihuan/p/9101613.html   Anaconda 安装和使用

    https://blog.csdn.net/wz947324/article/details/80228679   Anaconda不同版本python环境的安装及切换

    https://blog.csdn.net/qq_38188725/article/details/80624004  python神器——Anaconda的安装与优化配置

    附:

    https://www.spyder-ide.org/   python 开发工具

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/onelikeone/p/11521462.html
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