• 在ASP.NET Core中使用Angular2,以及与Angular2的Token base身份认证


    注:下载本文提到的完整代码示例请访问:How to authorization Angular 2 app with asp.net core web api

    在ASP.NET Core中使用Angular2,以及与Angular2的Token base身份认证

    Angular2是对Angular1的一次彻底的,破坏性的更新。

    相对于Angular1.x,借用某果的广告语,唯一的不同,就是处处都不同。

    • 首先,推荐的语言已经不再是Javascript,取而代之的TypeScript,(TypeScript = ES6 + 类型系统 + 类型注解), TypeScriipt的类型系统对于开发复杂的单页Web app大有帮助,同时编译成javascript后的执行效率也比大多数手写javascript要快。有兴趣的同学可以查阅官方文档:英文传送门 | 中文传送门
    • 得益于彻底重构,性能相对于Angular1.x有了大幅提升,也更适合再全平台部署。
    • Angular2是基于Component的,Component可以理解为是1.x时代的Controller + $Scope + view
    • View的很多语法也做了更新,比如<li ng-repeat="movie in vm.movies"></li> 变成了 <li *ngFor="let movie of movies"></li>
    • 等等。。

    关于Angular2,强烈建议查阅官方文档:英文传送门 | 中文传送门

    废话不多说,接下来的内容中,将介绍如何将 Angular2 整合到 ASP.NET Core 中,并实现一个Anguar2 和 ASP.NET Core Web API 的身份认证。

    注意:本文章属于Step by step + Code Sample教程,且篇幅较长,建议下载本Sample并跟着本文进度自己重做一遍本例,下载完整代码并分析代码结构才有意义,下载地址:How to authorization Angular 2 app with asp.net core web api

    1.前期准备

    • 推荐使用VS2015 Update3或更新的版本完成本示例,下载地址:https://www.visualstudio.com/
    • 你需要安装.NET Core开发环境,这里提供VS版:https://www.microsoft.com/net/core#windows
    • 安装Node.js 版本5.0.0或以上,(在本例中,这个主要是编译TypeScript用的)下载地址:Node.js and NPM
    • NPM 3.0.0或以上,默认NPM会随着Node.js一并安装完毕。(在本例中,这个主要是下载各种Angular的各个包用的,参考VS中的Nuget)

    2.创建项目

    在VS中新建项目,项目类型选择 ASP.NET Core Web Application(.Net Core),输入项目名称为:CSAuthorAngular2InASPNetCore,Template选择为Empty.

    3.在项目中整合Angular2

    3.1.配置Startup.cs

    注:添加下面的代码时IDE会报代码错误,这是因为还没有引用对用的包,进入报错的这一行,点击灯泡,加载对应的包就可以了。

    (图文无关)

    在ConfigureServices中添加如下代码

    services.AddMvc();

    这里是添加MVC服务

    在Configure中添加如下代码

    app.UseStaticFiles();
    
    app.UseMvc(routes =>
    {
        routes.MapRoute(
            name: "default",
            template: "{controller=Home}/{action=Index}");
    });

    第一句是启用静态文件,第二句是应用MVC模式并添加路由配置。

    完整的代码应该是这个样子

    public class Startup
    {
        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
        // For more information on how to configure your application, visit http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=398940
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddMvc();
        }
    
        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
        public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env, ILoggerFactory loggerFactory)
        {
            app.UseStaticFiles();
    
            app.UseMvc(routes =>
            {
                routes.MapRoute(
                    name: "default",
                    template: "{controller=Home}/{action=Index}");
            });
        }
    }

    3.2.添加控制器以及视图

    3.2.1.在项目根目录下添加Controllers目录,并在其中添加一个控制器HomeController.cs,默认代码即可。

    3.2.2.在项目跟目录下创建Views目录,在Views目录中新建目录Home, 最后在Home目录中新建视图Index.cshtml,内容应该是这样:

    <html>
    <head>
        <title>Angular QuickStart</title>
        <base href="/">
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
        <!-- 1. Load libraries -->
        <!-- Polyfill(s) for older browsers -->
        <script src="node_modules/core-js/client/shim.min.js"></script>
        <script src="node_modules/zone.js/dist/zone.js"></script>
        <script src="node_modules/reflect-metadata/Reflect.js"></script>
        <script src="node_modules/systemjs/dist/system.src.js"></script>
        <!-- 2. Configure SystemJS -->
        <script src="systemjs.config.js"></script>
        <script>
          System.import('app').catch(function(err){ console.error(err); });
        </script>
    </head>
    <!-- 3. Display the application -->
    <body>
        <my-app>Loading...</my-app>
    </body>
    </html>

     现在运行项目的话你仅仅能看到一个Loading,再控制台中你还能看到错误,这是因为我们还没有配置Angular。让我们前往wwwroot目录。

    3.3.在项目的wwwroot目录中添加如下结构:

    3.3.1搭建Angular2基础环境

    • package.json

      {
        "name": "angular-quickstart",
        "version": "1.0.0",
        "scripts": {
          "start": "tsc && concurrently "tsc -w" "lite-server" ",
          "lite": "lite-server",
          "postinstall": "typings install",
          "tsc": "tsc",
          "tsc:w": "tsc -w",
          "typings": "typings"
        },
        "licenses": [
          {
            "type": "MIT",
            "url": "https://github.com/angular/angular.io/blob/master/LICENSE"
          }
        ],
        "dependencies": {
          "@angular/common": "2.0.2",
          "@angular/compiler": "2.0.2",
          "@angular/core": "2.0.2",
          "@angular/forms": "2.0.2",
          "@angular/http": "2.0.2",
          "@angular/platform-browser": "2.0.2",
          "@angular/platform-browser-dynamic": "2.0.2",
          "@angular/router": "3.0.2",
          "@angular/upgrade": "2.0.2",
          "angular-in-memory-web-api": "0.1.5",
          "bootstrap": "3.3.7",
          "core-js": "2.4.1",
          "reflect-metadata": "0.1.8",
          "rxjs": "5.0.0-beta.12",
          "systemjs": "0.19.39",
          "zone.js": "0.6.25"
        },
        "devDependencies": {
          "concurrently": "3.0.0",
          "gulp": "^3.9.1",
          "lite-server": "2.2.2",
          "typescript": "2.0.3",
          "typings": "1.4.0"
        }
      }
    • systemjs.config.js

      (function (global) {
          System.config({
              paths: {
                  // paths serve as alias
                  'npm:': 'node_modules/'
              },
              // map tells the System loader where to look for things
              map: {
                  // our app is within the app folder
                  app: 'app',
                  // angular bundles
                  '@angular/core': 'npm:@angular/core/bundles/core.umd.js',
                  '@angular/common': 'npm:@angular/common/bundles/common.umd.js',
                  '@angular/compiler': 'npm:@angular/compiler/bundles/compiler.umd.js',
                  '@angular/platform-browser': 'npm:@angular/platform-browser/bundles/platform-browser.umd.js',
                  '@angular/platform-browser-dynamic': 'npm:@angular/platform-browser-dynamic/bundles/platform-browser-dynamic.umd.js',
                  '@angular/http': 'npm:@angular/http/bundles/http.umd.js',
                  '@angular/router': 'npm:@angular/router/bundles/router.umd.js',
                  '@angular/forms': 'npm:@angular/forms/bundles/forms.umd.js',
                  '@angular/upgrade': 'npm:@angular/upgrade/bundles/upgrade.umd.js',
                  // other libraries
                  'rxjs': 'npm:rxjs',
                  'angular-in-memory-web-api': 'npm:angular-in-memory-web-api/bundles/in-memory-web-api.umd.js'
              },
              // packages tells the System loader how to load when no filename and/or no extension
              packages: {
                  app: {
                      main: './main.js',
                      defaultExtension: 'js'
                  },
                  rxjs: {
                      defaultExtension: 'js'
                  }
              }
          });
      })(this);
    • tsconfig.js

      {
        "compileOnSave": true,
        "compilerOptions": {
          "target": "es5",
          "module": "commonjs",
          "moduleResolution": "node",
          "sourceMap": true,
          "emitDecoratorMetadata": true,
          "experimentalDecorators": true,
          "removeComments": false,
          "noImplicitAny": false
        },
        "exclude": [
          "node_modules"
        ]
      }
    • typings.json(注,在最新文档中typings已被npm的@types替代,参见官方文档:文档变更日志)

      {
        "globalDependencies": {
          "core-js": "registry:dt/core-js#0.0.0+20160725163759",
          "jasmine": "registry:dt/jasmine#2.2.0+20160621224255",
          "node": "registry:dt/node#6.0.0+20160909174046"
        }
      }

    右击wwwroot中的Package.json,选择Restore Packages(或者在CMD下进入wwwroot目录,并执行命令 npm install),npm会去下载需要的包,并存储于node_modules目录中。

    3.3.2.配置启动文件以启用Angular2

    在wwwroot下新建目录app,app拥有如下文件:

    • app.component.ts

      import { Component } from '@angular/core';
      
      @Component({
          moduleId: module.id,
          selector: 'my-app',
          template: "this is in angular2",
      })
      export class AppComponent {
      }

      可以发现被@Component装饰属性装饰了AppComponent,selector指代你Component的占位符,比如本例中你可以再Home/index.cshtml中发现一段这样的标记

    • <my-app>Loading...</my-app>

      template既为该Component的View,不要忘记moduleId,不添加它会出现很多奇怪的问题。

    • app.module.ts

      import { NgModule } from "@angular/core";
      import { BrowserModule } from "@angular/platform-browser";
      
      import { AppComponent } from "./app.component";
      
      @NgModule({
          bootstrap: [AppComponent],
          imports: [
              BrowserModule
          ],
          declarations: [
              AppComponent
          ]
      })
      export class AppModule { }
    • main.ts

      import { platformBrowserDynamic } from '@angular/platform-browser-dynamic';
      import { AppModule } from './app.module';
      const platform = platformBrowserDynamic();
      platform.bootstrapModule(AppModule);

    基础整合完毕。

    按F5 Debug一下,现在你能再浏览器中看到一句话:this is in angular 2

    ---分割线-------------------------------------------------------------------------

    4.实现身份认证

    废了半天劲,看着很傻,没有任何成就感。怎么办,让我们再深入一点,接下来我们来为Angular2完成一个Token base的身份验证,我会把Angular2的routing,data bind,service,http,等等你工作中最常用到的挨个演示一遍。

    4.1.Server端

    4.1.1.创建一些辅助类

    4.1.1.1.在项目根目录下创建一个文件夹Auth,并添加RSAKeyHelper.cs以及TokenAuthOption.cs两个文件

    • 在RSAKeyHelper.cs中

      using System.Security.Cryptography;
      
      namespace CSTokenBaseAuth.Auth
      {
          public class RSAKeyHelper
          {
              public static RSAParameters GenerateKey()
              {
                  using (var key = new RSACryptoServiceProvider(2048))
                  {
                      return key.ExportParameters(true);
                  }
              }
          }
      }
    • 在TokenAuthOption.cs中

      using System;
      using Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens;
      
      namespace CSTokenBaseAuth.Auth
      {
          public class TokenAuthOption
          {
              public static string Audience { get; } = "ExampleAudience";
              public static string Issuer { get; } = "ExampleIssuer";
              public static RsaSecurityKey Key { get; } = new RsaSecurityKey(RSAKeyHelper.GenerateKey());
              public static SigningCredentials SigningCredentials { get; } = new SigningCredentials(Key, SecurityAlgorithms.RsaSha256Signature);
      
              public static TimeSpan ExpiresSpan { get; } = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(20);
          }
      }

    4.1.1.2.在项目根目录下创建目录Model,并在其中添加RequestResult.cs,代码应该是这样。

    public class RequestResult
    {
        public RequestState State { get; set; }
        public string Msg { get; set; }
        public Object Data { get; set; }
    }
    
    public enum RequestState
    {
        Failed = -1,
        NotAuth = 0,
        Success = 1
    }

    4.1.2更新Startup.cs

    在ConfigureServices中添加如下代码:

    services.AddAuthorization(auth =>
    {
        auth.AddPolicy("Bearer", new AuthorizationPolicyBuilder()
            .AddAuthenticationSchemes(JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme‌​)
            .RequireAuthenticatedUser().Build());
    });

    这里是添加身份认证服务

    在Configure方法中添加如下代码:

    app.UseExceptionHandler(appBuilder =>
    {
        appBuilder.Use(async (context, next) =>
        {
            var error = context.Features[typeof(IExceptionHandlerFeature)] as IExceptionHandlerFeature;
    
            //when authorization has failed, should retrun a json message to client
            if (error != null && error.Error is SecurityTokenExpiredException)
            {
                context.Response.StatusCode = 401;
                context.Response.ContentType = "application/json";
    
                await context.Response.WriteAsync(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new RequestResult
                {
                    State = RequestState.NotAuth,
                    Msg = "token expired"
                }));
            }
            //when orther error, retrun a error message json to client
            else if (error != null && error.Error != null)
            {
                context.Response.StatusCode = 500;
                context.Response.ContentType = "application/json";
                await context.Response.WriteAsync(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new RequestResult
                {
                    State = RequestState.Failed,
                    Msg = error.Error.Message
                }));
            }
            //when no error, do next.
            else await next();
        });
    });

    本段是Handle当身份认证失败时抛出的异常,并返回合适的json

    在相同的方法中添加另外一段代码:

    app.UseJwtBearerAuthentication(new JwtBearerOptions()
    {
        TokenValidationParameters = new TokenValidationParameters()
        {
            IssuerSigningKey = TokenAuthOption.Key,
            ValidAudience = TokenAuthOption.Audience,
            ValidIssuer = TokenAuthOption.Issuer,
            // When receiving a token, check that we've signed it.
            ValidateIssuerSigningKey = true,
            // When receiving a token, check that it is still valid.
            ValidateLifetime = true,
            // This defines the maximum allowable clock skew - i.e. provides a tolerance on the token expiry time 
            // when validating the lifetime. As we're creating the tokens locally and validating them on the same 
             // machines which should have synchronised time, this can be set to zero. Where external tokens are
            // used, some leeway here could be useful.
            ClockSkew = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(0)
        }
    });

    本段代码是应用JWTBearerAuthentication身份认证。

    4.1.3.TokenAuthController.cs

    在Controllers中新建一个Web API Controller Class,命名为TokenAuthController.cs。我们将在这里完成登录授权,

    在同文件下添加两个类,分别用来模拟用户模型,以及用户存储,代码应该是这样:

    public class User
    {
        public Guid ID { get; set; }
        public string Username { get; set; }
        public string Password { get; set; }
    }
    
    public static class UserStorage
    {
        public static List<User> Users { get; set; } = new List<User> {
            new User {ID=Guid.NewGuid(),Username="user1",Password = "user1psd" },
            new User {ID=Guid.NewGuid(),Username="user2",Password = "user2psd" },
            new User {ID=Guid.NewGuid(),Username="user3",Password = "user3psd" }
        };
    }

    接下来在TokenAuthController.cs中添加如下方法

    private string GenerateToken(User user, DateTime expires)
    {
        var handler = new JwtSecurityTokenHandler();
        
        ClaimsIdentity identity = new ClaimsIdentity(
            new GenericIdentity(user.Username, "TokenAuth"),
            new[] {
                new Claim("ID", user.ID.ToString())
            }
        );
    
        var securityToken = handler.CreateToken(new SecurityTokenDescriptor
        {
            Issuer = TokenAuthOption.Issuer,
            Audience = TokenAuthOption.Audience,
            SigningCredentials = TokenAuthOption.SigningCredentials,
            Subject = identity,
            Expires = expires
        });
        return handler.WriteToken(securityToken);
    }

    该方法仅仅只是生成一个Auth Token,接下来我们来添加另外一个方法来调用它

    在相同文件中添加如下代码

    [HttpPost]
    public string GetAuthToken(User user)
    {
        var existUser = UserStorage.Users.FirstOrDefault(u => u.Username == user.Username && u.Password == user.Password);
    
        if (existUser != null)
        {
            var requestAt = DateTime.Now;
            var expiresIn = requestAt + TokenAuthOption.ExpiresSpan;
            var token = GenerateToken(existUser, expiresIn);
    
            return JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new {
                stateCode = 1,
                requertAt = requestAt,
                expiresIn = TokenAuthOption.ExpiresSpan.TotalSeconds,
                accessToken = token
            });
        }
        else
        {
            return JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new { stateCode = -1, errors = "Username or password is invalid" });
        }
    }

    接下来我们来完成授权部分,在相同的文件中添加如下代码:

    public string GetUserInfo()
    {
        var claimsIdentity = User.Identity as ClaimsIdentity;
    
        return JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new RequestResult
        {
            State = RequestState.Success,
            Data = new
            {
                UserName = claimsIdentity.Name
            }
        });
    }

    为方法添加装饰属性

    [HttpGet]
    [Authorize("Bearer")]

    第二行代码说明这个action需要身份验证。

    该文件完整的代码应该是这个样子:

    using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.Linq;using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
    using CSAuthorAngular2InASPNetCore.Auth;
    using System.IdentityModel.Tokens.Jwt;
    using Newtonsoft.Json;
    using System.Security.Claims;
    using System.Security.Principal;
    using Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens;
    using CSAuthorAngular2InASPNetCore.Model;
    using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization;
    
    
    namespace CSAuthorAngular2InASPNetCore.Controllers
    {
        [Route("api/[controller]")]
        public class TokenAuthController : Controller
        {
            [HttpPost]
            public string GetAuthToken([FromBody]User user)
            {
                var existUser = UserStorage.Users.FirstOrDefault(u => u.Username == user.Username && u.Password == user.Password);
    
                if (existUser != null)
                {
                    var requestAt = DateTime.Now;
                    var expiresIn = requestAt + TokenAuthOption.ExpiresSpan;
                    var token = GenerateToken(existUser, expiresIn);
    
                    return JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new RequestResult
                    {
                        State = RequestState.Success,
                        Data = new
                        {
                            requertAt = requestAt,
                            expiresIn = TokenAuthOption.ExpiresSpan.TotalSeconds,
                            tokeyType = TokenAuthOption.TokenType,
                            accessToken = token
                        }
                    });
                }
                else
                {
                    return JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new RequestResult
                    {
                        State = RequestState.Failed,
                        Msg = "Username or password is invalid"
                    });
                }
            }
    
            private string GenerateToken(User user, DateTime expires)
            {
                var handler = new JwtSecurityTokenHandler();
    
                ClaimsIdentity identity = new ClaimsIdentity(
                    new GenericIdentity(user.Username, "TokenAuth"),
                    new[] {
                        new Claim("ID", user.ID.ToString())
                    }
                );
    
                var securityToken = handler.CreateToken(new SecurityTokenDescriptor
                {
                    Issuer = TokenAuthOption.Issuer,
                    Audience = TokenAuthOption.Audience,
                    SigningCredentials = TokenAuthOption.SigningCredentials,
                    Subject = identity,
                    Expires = expires
                });
                return handler.WriteToken(securityToken);
            }
    
            [HttpGet]
            [Authorize("Bearer")]
            public string GetUserInfo()
            {
                var claimsIdentity = User.Identity as ClaimsIdentity;
    
                return JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new RequestResult
                {
                    State = RequestState.Success,
                    Data = new
                    {
                        UserName = claimsIdentity.Name
                    }
                });
            }
        }
    
        public class User
        {
            public Guid ID { get; set; }
    
            public string Username { get; set; }
    
            public string Password { get; set; }
        }
    
        public static class UserStorage
        {
            public static List<User> Users { get; set; } = new List<User> {
                new User {ID=Guid.NewGuid(),Username="user1",Password = "user1psd" },
                new User {ID=Guid.NewGuid(),Username="user2",Password = "user2psd" },
                new User {ID=Guid.NewGuid(),Username="user3",Password = "user3psd" }
            };
        }
    }

    4.2Angular2端

    4.2.1创建View Model

    在wwwroot/app下创建一个目录:_model, 并添加一个Typescript文件RequestResult.ts,内容应该是这样。

    export class RequestResult {
        State: number;
        Msg: string;
        Data: Object;
    }

    4.2.2创建Service

    在wwwroot/app下创建一个目录:_services,并添加一个Typescript文件auth.service.ts,内容应该是这样。

    import { Injectable } from "@angular/core";
    import { Headers, Http } from "@angular/http";
    import "rxjs/add/operator/toPromise";
    
    import { RequestResult } from "../_model/RequestResult";
    
    @Injectable()
    export class AuthService {
        private tokeyKey = "token";
        private token: string;
    
        constructor(
            private http: Http
        ) { }
    
        login(userName: string, password: string): Promise<RequestResult> {
            return this.http.post("/api/TokenAuth", { Username: userName, Password: password }).toPromise()
                .then(response => {
                    let result = response.json() as RequestResult;
                    if (result.State == 1) {
                        let json = result.Data as any;
    
                        sessionStorage.setItem("token", json.accessToken);
                    }
                    return result;
                })
                .catch(this.handleError);
        }
    
        checkLogin(): boolean {
            var token = sessionStorage.getItem(this.tokeyKey);
            return token != null;
        }
    
        getUserInfo(): Promise<RequestResult> {
            return this.authGet("/api/TokenAuth");
        }
    
        authPost(url: string, body: any): Promise<RequestResult> {
            let headers = this.initAuthHeaders();
            return this.http.post(url, body, { headers: headers }).toPromise()
                .then(response => response.json() as RequestResult)
                .catch(this.handleError);
        }
    
        authGet(url): Promise<RequestResult> {
            let headers = this.initAuthHeaders();
            return this.http.get(url, { headers: headers }).toPromise()
                .then(response => response.json() as RequestResult)
                .catch(this.handleError);
        }
    
        private getLocalToken(): string {
            if (!this.token) {
                this.token = sessionStorage.getItem(this.tokeyKey);
            }
            return this.token;
        }
    
        private initAuthHeaders(): Headers {
            let token = this.getLocalToken();
            if (token == null) throw "No token";
    
            var headers = new Headers();
            headers.append("Authorization", "Bearer " + token);
    
            return headers;
        }
    
        private handleError(error: any): Promise<any> {
            console.error('An error occurred', error);
            return Promise.reject(error.message || error);
        }
    }

    本文件主要用来完成登录以及登录验证工作,之后该service将可以被注入到Component中以便被Component调用。

    注:主要的逻辑都应该写到service中

    4.2.3.创建Component

    4.2.3.1.在wwwroot/app下创建一个目录home,该目录用来存放HomeComponent,home应拥有如下文件:

    • home.component.ts

      import { Component, OnInit } from "@angular/core";
      
      import { AuthService } from "../_services/auth.service";
      
      @Component({
          moduleId: module.id,
          selector: "my-home",
          templateUrl: "view.html",
          styleUrls: ["style.css"]
      })
      export class HomeComponent implements OnInit {
          isLogin = false;
          userName: string;
          
          constructor(
              private authService: AuthService
          ) { }
      
          ngOnInit(): void {
              this.isLogin = this.authService.checkLogin();
              if (this.isLogin) {
                  this.authService.getUserInfo().then(res => {
                      this.userName = (res.Data as any).UserName;
                  });
              }
      
          }
      }

      查阅代码,在@Component中指定了View以及style。

      AuthService被在构造方法中被注入了本Component,ngOnInit是接口OnInit的一个方法,他在Component初始化时会被调用。

    • style.css

      /*styles of this view*/

      本例中没有添加任何样式,如有需要可以写在这里。

    • view.html

      <div *ngIf="isLogin">
          <h1>Hi <span>{{userName}}</span></h1>
      </div>
      
      <div *ngIf="!isLogin">
          <h1>please login</h1>
          <a routerLink="/login">Login</a>
      </div>

      *ngIf=""是Angular2 的其中一种标记语法,作用是当返回真时渲染该节点,完整教程请参阅官方文档。

    4.2.3.2.在wwwroot/app下创建目录Login,该目录用来存放LoginComponent,文件结构类似于上一节。

    • login.component.ts

      import { Component } from "@angular/core";
      import { Router } from '@angular/router';
      
      import { AuthService } from "../_services/auth.service";
      
      @Component({
          moduleId: module.id,
          selector: "my-login",
          templateUrl: "view.html",
          styleUrls: ["style.css"]
      })
      export class LoginComponent {
      
          private userName: string;
          private password: string;
      
          constructor(
              private authService: AuthService,
              private router: Router
          ) { }
      
          login() {
              this.authService.login(this.userName, this.password)
                  .then(result => {
                      if (result.State == 1) {
                          this.router.navigate(["./home"]);
                      }
                      else {
                          alert(result.Msg);
                      }
                  });
          }
      }
    • style.css

      /*styles of this view*/
    • view.html

      <table>
          <tr>
              <td>userName:</td>
              <td><input [(ngModel)]="userName" placeholder="useName:try type user1" /></td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
              <td>userName:</td>
              <td><input [(ngModel)]="password" placeholder="password:try type user1psd" /></td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
              <td></td>
              <td><input type="button" (click)="login()" value="Login" /></td>
          </tr>
      </table>

    4.2.4.应用路由

    路由是切换多页面用的。

    在wwwroot/app下新建一个Typescript文件,命名为app-routing.module.ts,内容应该是这个样子。

    import { NgModule } from "@angular/core";
    import { RouterModule, Routes } from "@angular/router";
    
    import { HomeComponent } from "./home/home.component";
    import { LoginComponent } from "./login/login.component"
    
    const routes: Routes = [
        { path: "", redirectTo: "/home", pathMatch: "full" },
        { path: "home", component: HomeComponent },
        { path: "login", component: LoginComponent }
    ];
    
    @NgModule({
        imports: [RouterModule.forRoot(routes)],
        exports: [RouterModule]
    })
    export class AppRoutingModule { }

    接下来我们来应用这个路由,

    打开app.module.ts,更新代码如下:

    import { NgModule } from "@angular/core";
    import { BrowserModule } from "@angular/platform-browser";
    import { HttpModule } from "@angular/http";
    import { FormsModule } from "@angular/forms";
    
    import { AppRoutingModule } from "./app-routing.module";
    
    import { AuthService } from "./_services/auth.service";
    
    import { AppComponent } from "./app.component";
    import { HomeComponent } from "./home/home.component";
    import { LoginComponent } from "./login/login.component";
    
    @NgModule({
        bootstrap: [AppComponent],
        imports: [
            BrowserModule,
            HttpModule,
            AppRoutingModule,
            FormsModule
        ],
        declarations: [
            AppComponent,
            HomeComponent,
            LoginComponent
        ],
        providers: [AuthService]
    })
    export class AppModule { }

    NgModule和BrowserModule你可以理解为基础模块,必加的。

    HttpModule是做http请求用的。

    FormsModule是做双向数据绑定用的,比如下面这样的,如果想把数据从view更新到component,就必须加这个。

    <input [(ngModel)]="userName" placeholder="useName:try type user1" />

    AppRoutingModule即为我们刚才添加的路由文件。

    AuthService是我们最早添加的service文件。

    AppComponent是我们最初添加的那个app.component.ts里的那个component.

    HomeComponent,LoginComponent同上。

    最后我们再app.component.ts中添加路由锚点,

    把template的值为 "<router-outlet></router-outlet>"

    完整的代码应该是这样:

    import { Component } from '@angular/core';
    
    @Component({
        moduleId: module.id,
        selector: 'my-app',
        template: "<router-outlet></router-outlet>",
    })
    export class AppComponent {
    }

    router-outlet是路由锚点的关键词。

    至此,所有代码完成,F5调试吧。

    完整的Angular2的入门教程,请参阅官方文档的《英雄指南》:中文传送门 | 英文传送门

    关于本例完整的代码以及调试运行步骤,请访问:How to authorization Angular 2 app with asp.net core web api

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/onecodeonescript/p/6062203.html
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