一、springboot入门

1.maven构建项目

访问http://start.spring.io/，下载springboot示例项目，导入eclipse。（Existing Maven Projects）

2.项目结构

如上图所示，Spring Boot的基础结构共三个文件:

• src/main/java  程序开发以及主程序入口

• src/main/resources 配置文件

• src/test/java  测试程序

代码结构

• 1、Application.java 建议放到跟目录下面,主要用于做一些框架配置

• 2、domain目录主要用于实体（Entity）与数据访问层（Repository）

• 3、service 层主要是业务类代码

• 4、controller 负责页面访问控制

3.引入web模块

a、pom.xml中添加支持web的模块：

<dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
 </dependency>

pom.xml文件中默认有两个模块：

spring-boot-starter ：核心模块，包括自动配置支持、日志和YAML；

spring-boot-starter-test ：测试模块，包括JUnit、Hamcrest、Mockito。

b.编写controller内容

package com.example.demo.controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import com.example.demo.domain.User;

@RestController
public class HelloWorldController {
    @RequestMapping("/hello")
    public String index(){
        return "Hello World";
    }
/*    @RequestMapping("/getUser")
    public User getUser(){
        User user = new User();
        user.setUserName("David");
        user.setPassWord("123456");
        return user;
    }*/
}

启动主程序，打开浏览器访问http://localhost:8080/hello

其中的注解@RestController的意思是controller中的方法都已json格式输出，不需要写jackjson等配置。

4.单元测试

package com.example.demo;

import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultHandlers;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders;

import com.example.demo.controller.HelloWorldController;

public class HelloWorldControlerTests {
	private MockMvc mvc;
	
	@Before
	public void setUp() throws Exception {
		mvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(new HelloWorldController()).build();
	}
	
	@Test
	public void getHello() throws Exception{
		mvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/hello").accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON))
		.andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk())
		.andDo(MockMvcResultHandlers.print())
		.andReturn();
	}
	
}

　　输出：

MockHttpServletRequest:
      HTTP Method = GET
      Request URI = /hello
       Parameters = {}
          Headers = [Accept:"application/json"]
             Body = <no character encoding set>
    Session Attrs = {}

Handler:
             Type = com.example.demo.controller.HelloWorldController
           Method = public java.lang.String com.example.demo.controller.HelloWorldController.index()

Async:
    Async started = false
     Async result = null

Resolved Exception:
             Type = null

ModelAndView:
        View name = null
             View = null
            Model = null

FlashMap:
       Attributes = null

MockHttpServletResponse:
           Status = 200
    Error message = null
          Headers = [Content-Type:"application/json;charset=ISO-8859-1", Content-Length:"11"]
     Content type = application/json;charset=ISO-8859-1
             Body = Hello World
    Forwarded URL = null
   Redirected URL = null
          Cookies = []