前面详细介绍了mongodb的副本集和分片的原理，这里就不赘述了。下面记录Mongodb副本集＋分片集群环境部署过程：
MongoDB Sharding Cluster，需要三种角色：
Shard Server: mongod 实例，用于存储实际的数据块，实际生产环境中一个shard server角色可由几台机器组个一个relica set承担，防止主机单点故障
Config Server: mongod 实例，存储了整个 Cluster Metadata，其中包括 chunk 信息。
Route Server: mongos 实例，前端路由，客户端由此接入，且让整个集群看上去像单一数据库，前端应用可以透明使用。
机器信息：
分别在3台机器运行一个mongod实例（称为mongod shard11，mongod shard12，mongod shard13）组织replica set1，作为cluster的shard1
分别在3台机器运行一个mongod实例（称为mongod shard21，mongod shard22，mongod shard23）组织replica set2，作为cluster的shard2
每台机器运行一个mongod实例，作为3个config server
每台机器运行一个mongos进程，用于客户端连接
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1）安装mongodb (3台机器都要操作)下载地址：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1hsoVcpQ 提取密码：6zp4[root@slave1 src]# cd[root@slave1 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/[root@slave1 src]# ll mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-3.0.6.tgz[root@slave1 src]# tar -zvxf mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-3.0.6.tgz[root@slave1 src]# mv mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-3.0.6 mongodb 2)创建sharding数据目录根据本例sharding架构图所示，在各台sever上创建shard数据文件目录slave1[root@slave1 src]# mkdir /home/services/[root@slave1 src]# mv mongodb /home/services/[root@slave1 src]# cd /home/services/mongodb/[root@slave1 mongodb]# mkdir -p data/shard11[root@slave1 mongodb]# mkdir -p data/shard21 slave2[root@slave2 src]# mkdir /home/services/[root@slave2 src]# mv mongodb /home/services/[root@slave2 src]# cd /home/services/mongodb/[root@slave2 mongodb]# mkdir -p data/shard12[root@slave2 mongodb]# mkdir -p data/shard22 slave3[root@slave3 src]# mkdir /home/services/[root@slave3 src]# mv mongodb /home/services/[root@slave3 src]# cd /home/services/mongodb/[root@slave3 mongodb]# mkdir -p data/shard13[root@slave3 mongodb]# mkdir -p data/shard23 3）配置relica sets3.1）配置shard1所用到的replica sets 1:slave1[root@slave1 ~]# /home/services/mongodb/bin/mongod --shardsvr --replSet shard1 --port 27018 --dbpath /home/services/mongodb/data/shard11 --oplogSize 100 --logpath /home/services/mongodb/data/shard11.log --logappend --fork slave2[root@slave2 ~]# /home/services/mongodb/bin/mongod --shardsvr --replSet shard1 --port 27018 --dbpath /home/services/mongodb/data/shard12 --oplogSize 100 --logpath /home/services/mongodb/data/shard12.log --logappend --fork slave3[root@slave3 ~]# /home/services/mongodb/bin/mongod --shardsvr --replSet shard1 --port 27018 --dbpath /home/services/mongodb/data/shard13 --oplogSize 100 --logpath /home/services/mongodb/data/shard13.log --logappend --fork 检车各个机器上的mongod进程是否正常起来了（ps -ef|grep mongod），27018端口是否正常起来了 3.2）初始化replica set 1从3台机器中任意找一台，连接mongod[root@slave1 ~]# /home/services/mongodb/bin/mongo --port 27018......> config = {"_id" : "shard1","members" : [{"_id" : 0,"host" : "182.48.115.236:27018"},{"_id" : 1,"host" : "182.48.115.237:27018"},{"_id" : 2,"host" : "182.48.115.238:27018"}]}{ "_id" : "shard1", "members" : [ { "_id" : 0, "host" : "182.48.115.236:27018" }, { "_id" : 1, "host" : "182.48.115.237:27018" }, { "_id" : 2, "host" : "182.48.115.238:27018" } ]}> rs.initiate(config);{ "ok" : 1 } 3.3）配置shard2所用到的replica sets 2:slave1[root@slave1 ~]# /home/services/mongodb//bin/mongod --shardsvr --replSet shard2 --port 27019 --dbpath /home/services/mongodb/data/shard21 --oplogSize 100 --logpath /home/services/mongodb/data/shard21.log --logappend --fork slave2[root@slave2 ~]# /home/services/mongodb//bin/mongod --shardsvr --replSet shard2 --port 27019 --dbpath /home/services/mongodb/data/shard22 --oplogSize 100 --logpath /home/services/mongodb/data/shard22.log --logappend --fork slave3[root@slave3 ~]# /home/services/mongodb//bin/mongod --shardsvr --replSet shard2 --port 27019 --dbpath /home/services/mongodb/data/shard23 --oplogSize 100 --logpath /home/services/mongodb/data/shard23.log --logappend --fork 3.4）初始化replica set 2从3台机器中任意找一台，连接mongod[root@slave1 ~]# /home/services/mongodb/bin/mongo --port 27019......> config = {"_id" : "shard2","members" : [{"_id" : 0,"host" : "182.48.115.236:27019"},{"_id" : 1,"host" : "182.48.115.237:27019"},{"_id" : 2,"host" : "182.48.115.238:27019"}]}{ "_id" : "shard2", "members" : [ { "_id" : 0, "host" : "182.48.115.236:27019" }, { "_id" : 1, "host" : "182.48.115.237:27019" }, { "_id" : 2, "host" : "182.48.115.238:27019" } ]}> rs.initiate(config);{ "ok" : 1 } 4）配置三台config serverslave1[root@slave1 ~]# mkdir -p /home/services/mongodb/data/config[root@slave1 ~]# /home/services/mongodb//bin/mongod --configsvr --dbpath /home/services/mongodb/data/config --port 20000 --logpath /home/services/mongodb/data/config.log --logappend --fork slave2[root@slave2 ~]# mkdir -p /home/services/mongodb/data/config[root@slave2 ~]# /home/services/mongodb//bin/mongod --configsvr --dbpath /home/services/mongodb/data/config --port 20000 --logpath /home/services/mongodb/data/config.log --logappend --fork slave3[root@slave3 ~]# mkdir -p /home/services/mongodb/data/config[root@slave3 ~]# /home/services/mongodb//bin/mongod --configsvr --dbpath /home/services/mongodb/data/config --port 20000 --logpath /home/services/mongodb/data/config.log --logappend --fork 5）配置mongs在三台机器上分别执行：slave1[root@slave1 ~]# /home/services/mongodb/bin/mongos --configdb 182.48.115.236:20000,182.48.115.237:20000,182.48.115.238:20000 --port 27017 --chunkSize 5 --logpath /home/services/mongodb/data/mongos.log --logappend --fork slave2[root@slave2 ~]# /home/services/mongodb/bin/mongos --configdb 182.48.115.236:20000,182.48.115.237:20000,182.48.115.238:20000 --port 27017 --chunkSize 5 --logpath /home/services/mongodb/data/mongos.log --logappend --fork slave3[root@slave3 ~]# /home/services/mongodb/bin/mongos --configdb 182.48.115.236:20000,182.48.115.237:20000,182.48.115.238:20000 --port 27017 --chunkSize 5 --logpath /home/services/mongodb/data/mongos.log --logappend --fork 注意：新版版的mongodb的mongos命令里就不识别--chunkSize参数了6）配置分片集群（Configuring the Shard Cluster）从3台机器中任意找一台，连接mongod，并切换到admin数据库做以下配置6.1）连接到mongs，并切换到admin[root@slave1 ~]# /home/services/mongodb/bin/mongo 182.48.115.236:27017/admin......mongos> dbadminmongos>6.2）加入shards分区如里shard是单台服务器，用"db.runCommand( { addshard : “[:]” } )"这样的命令加入如果shard是replica sets，用"replicaSetName/[:port][,serverhostname2[:port],…]"这样的格式表示，例如本例执行：mongos> db.runCommand( { addshard:"shard1/182.48.115.236:27018,182.48.115.237:27018,182.48.115.238:27018",name:"s1",maxsize:20480});{ "shardAdded" : "s1", "ok" : 1 }mongos> db.runCommand( { addshard:"shard2/182.48.115.236:27019,182.48.115.237:27019,182.48.115.238:27019",name:"s2",maxsize:20480});{ "shardAdded" : "s2", "ok" : 1 }注意：可选参数Name:用于指定每个shard的名字，不指定的话系统将自动分配maxSize:指定各个shard可使用的最大磁盘空间，单位megabytes6.3）Listing shardsmongos> db.runCommand( { listshards : 1 } ){ "shards" : [ { "_id" : "s1", "host" : "shard1/182.48.115.236:27018,182.48.115.237:27018,182.48.115.238:27018" }, { "_id" : "s2", "host" : "shard2/182.48.115.236:27019,182.48.115.237:27019,182.48.115.238:27019" } ], "ok" : 1}mongos>上面命令列出了以上二个添加的shards，表示shards已经配置成功6.4）激活数据库分片命令：db.runCommand( { enablesharding : “” } );通过执行以上命令，可以让数据库跨shard，如果不执行这步，数据库只会存放在一个shard，一旦激活数据库分片，数据库中不同的collection将被存放在不同的shard上，但一个collection仍旧存放在同一个shard上，要使单个collection也分片，还需单独对collection作些操作Collecton分片要使单个collection也分片存储，需要给collection指定一个分片key，通过以下命令操作：db.runCommand( { shardcollection : “”,key : });注意：a）分片的collection系统会自动创建一个索引（也可用户提前创建好）b）分片的collection只能有一个在分片key上的唯一索引，其它唯一索引不被允许本案例：mongos> db.runCommand({enablesharding:"test2"});{ "ok" : 1 }mongos> db.runCommand( { shardcollection : "test2.books", key : { id : 1 } } );{ "collectionsharded" : "test2.books", "ok" : 1 }mongos> use test2switched to db test2mongos> db.stats();{ "raw" : { "shard1/182.48.115.236:27018,182.48.115.237:27018,182.48.115.238:27018" : { "db" : "test2", "collections" : 3, "objects" : 6, "avgObjSize" : 69.33333333333333, "dataSize" : 416, "storageSize" : 20480, "numExtents" : 3, "indexes" : 2, "indexSize" : 16352, "fileSize" : 67108864, "nsSizeMB" : 16, "extentFreeList" : { "num" : 0, "totalSize" : 0 }, "dataFileVersion" : { "major" : 4, "minor" : 22 }, "ok" : 1, "$gleStats" : { "lastOpTime" : Timestamp(0, 0), "electionId" : ObjectId("586286596422d63aa9f9f000") } }, "shard2/182.48.115.236:27019,182.48.115.237:27019,182.48.115.238:27019" : { "db" : "test2", "collections" : 0, "objects" : 0, "avgObjSize" : 0, "dataSize" : 0, "storageSize" : 0, "numExtents" : 0, "indexes" : 0, "indexSize" : 0, "fileSize" : 0, "ok" : 1 } }, "objects" : 6, "avgObjSize" : 69, "dataSize" : 416, "storageSize" : 20480, "numExtents" : 3, "indexes" : 2, "indexSize" : 16352, "fileSize" : 67108864, "extentFreeList" : { "num" : 0, "totalSize" : 0 }, "ok" : 1}mongos> db.books.stats();{ "sharded" : true, "paddingFactorNote" : "paddingFactor is unused and unmaintained in 3.0. It remains hard coded to 1.0 for c ompatibility only.", "userFlags" : 1, "capped" : false, "ns" : "test2.books", "count" : 0, "numExtents" : 1, "size" : 0, "storageSize" : 8192, "totalIndexSize" : 16352, "indexSizes" : { "_id_" : 8176, "id_1" : 8176 }, "avgObjSize" : 0, "nindexes" : 2, "nchunks" : 1, "shards" : { "s1" : { "ns" : "test2.books", "count" : 0, "size" : 0, "numExtents" : 1, "storageSize" : 8192, "lastExtentSize" : 8192, "paddingFactor" : 1, "paddingFactorNote" : "paddingFactor is unused and unmaintained in 3.0. It remains hard co ded to 1.0 for compatibility only.", "userFlags" : 1, "capped" : false, "nindexes" : 2, "totalIndexSize" : 16352, "indexSizes" : { "_id_" : 8176, "id_1" : 8176 }, "ok" : 1, "$gleStats" : { "lastOpTime" : Timestamp(0, 0), "electionId" : ObjectId("586286596422d63aa9f9f000") } } }, "ok" : 1}7）测试mongos> for (var i = 1; i <= 20000; i++) db.books.save({id:i,name:"12345678",sex:"male",age:27,value:"test"});WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })mongos> db.books.stats();{ "sharded" : true, "paddingFactorNote" : "paddingFactor is unused and unmaintained in 3.0. It remains hard coded to 1.0 for compatibility only.", "userFlags" : 1, "capped" : false, "ns" : "test2.books", "count" : 20000, "numExtents" : 10, "size" : 2240000, "storageSize" : 5586944, "totalIndexSize" : 1250928, "indexSizes" : { "_id_" : 670432, "id_1" : 580496 }, "avgObjSize" : 112, "nindexes" : 2, "nchunks" : 5, "shards" : { "s1" : { "ns" : "test2.books", "count" : 12300, "size" : 1377600, "avgObjSize" : 112, "numExtents" : 5, "storageSize" : 2793472, "lastExtentSize" : 2097152, "paddingFactor" : 1, "paddingFactorNote" : "paddingFactor is unused and unmaintained in 3.0. It remains hard coded to 1.0 for compatibility only.", "userFlags" : 1, "capped" : false, "nindexes" : 2, "totalIndexSize" : 760368, "indexSizes" : { "_id_" : 408800, "id_1" : 351568 }, "ok" : 1, "$gleStats" : { "lastOpTime" : Timestamp(0, 0), "electionId" : ObjectId("586286596422d63aa9f9f000") } }, "s2" : { "ns" : "test2.books", "count" : 7700, "size" : 862400, "avgObjSize" : 112, "numExtents" : 5, "storageSize" : 2793472, "lastExtentSize" : 2097152, "paddingFactor" : 1, "paddingFactorNote" : "paddingFactor is unused and unmaintained in 3.0. It remains hard coded to 1.0 for compatibility only.", "userFlags" : 1, "capped" : false, "nindexes" : 2, "totalIndexSize" : 490560, "indexSizes" : { "_id_" : 261632, "id_1" : 228928 }, "ok" : 1, "$gleStats" : { "lastOpTime" : Timestamp(0, 0), "electionId" : ObjectId("58628704f916bb05014c5ea7") } } }, "ok" : 1} |