一、卸载mariadb
[root@mysql5 ~]# rpm -qa mariadb* mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64 [root@template tools]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64 [root@template tools]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb
系统环境：
[root@mysql5 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.2.1511 (Core)
[root@mysql5 ~]# uname -r
3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64
二、编译安装mysql
#安装依赖包
yum install libaio-devel ncurses-devel cmake gcc gcc-c++ bison -y
#文件目录创建
mkdir -p /home/nulige/mysql/3306/data mkdir -p /home/nulige/mysql/3306/tmp mkdir -p /home/nulige/mysql/3306/log
#创建用户组和mysql用户
groupadd mysql useradd -s /sbin/nologin -g mysql -M mysql id mysql
#创建软件目录
mkdir -p /home/nulige/mysql
cd /home/nulige/mysql
#下载软件
wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/boost/boost/1.59.0/boost_1_59_0.tar.gz wget https://osdn.net/frs/g_redir.php?m=netix&f=%2Flonenmp%2Flnmpfiles%2Fmysql%2Fmysql-5.7.11.tar.gz
# utf8mb4格式解释
MySQL在5.5.3之后增加了这个utf8mb4的编码，mb4就是most bytes 4的意思，专门用来兼容四字节的unicode。好在utf8mb4是utf8的超集， 除了将编码改为utf8mb4外不需要做其他转换。当然，为了节省空间，一般情况下使用utf8也就够了。
至于什么时候用，看你的做什么项目了。
在做移动应用时，会遇到ios用户会在文本的区域输入emoji表情，如果不做一定处理，就会导致插入数据库异常。
#解压安装
tar xzf boost_1_59_0.tar.gz tar xzf mysql-5.7.11.tar.gz cd mysql-5.7.11 cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/home/nulige/mysql/3306 -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/home/nulige/mysql/3306/data -DWITH_BOOST=/home/nulige/mysql/boost_1_59_0 -DSYSCONFDIR=/home/nulige/mysql -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 -DENABLE_DTRACE=0 -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8mb4_general_ci -DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1
#编译安装
make && make install
#配置启动服务 /bin/cp /home/nulige/mysql/3306/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld chkconfig --add mysqld chkconfig mysqld on #/etc/my.cnf，仅供参考（用于生产还需要调优） [mysqld] basedir = /home/nulige/mysql/3306 datadir = /home/nulige/mysql/3306/data tmpdir = /home/nulige/mysql/3306/tmp pid-file = /home/nulige/mysql/3306/data/my.pid port = 3306 default_storage_engine = InnoDB innodb_autoinc_lock_mode = 2 explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = true character-set-client-handshake = FALSE character_set_server = utf8 skip-name-resolve max_connect_errors = 1000000 max_allowed_packet = 1G connect_timeout = 3600 wait_timeout = 3600 interactive_timeout = 3600 innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 10 slave-skip-errors = 1032,1062 log-error = /home/nulige/mysql/3306/log/error.log slow_query_log = on slow_query_log_file = /home/nulige/mysql/3306/log/slow-query-log.log long_query_time = 1 log-queries-not-using-indexes log-slow-admin-statements log-slow-slave-statements server-id = 100 log-bin = log-bin binlog-format = ROW
#初始化数据库
chown -R mysql:mysql /home/nulige/mysql/3306/ cd /home/nulige/mysql/3306/bin ./mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/home/nulige/mysql/3306 --datadir=/home/nulige/mysql/3306/data 备注：这里会报一个警告，直接忽略 2017-05-19 16:33:16 [WARNING] mysql_install_db is deprecated. Please consider switching to mysqld --initialize 意思： 之前版本mysql_install_db是在mysql_basedir/script下，5.7放在了mysql_install_db/bin目录下,且已被废弃 "--initialize"会生成一个随机密码(~/.mysql_secret)，而"--initialize-insecure"不会生成密码，--datadir目标目录下不能有数据文件。
#启动 数据库
service mysqld start
#设置开机自启动
[root@mysql5 ~]# systemctl enable mysqld.service mysqld.service is not a native service, redirecting to /sbin/chkconfig. Executing /sbin/chkconfig mysqld on
#查看端口
[root@mysql5 bin]# ss -lntup|grep 3306 tcp LISTEN 0 80 :::3306 :::* users:(("mysqld",pid=25042,fd=23))
#配置环境变量
echo 'PATH=/home/nulige/mysql/3306/bin/:$PATH' >>/etc/profile source /etc/profile echo $PATH
#查看mysql默认密码
[root@mysql5 bin]# cat /root/.mysql_secret # Password set for user 'root@localhost' at 2017-05-19 16:33:16 :AyjdUl!3-;*
#用默认密码，登录数据库
mysql -uroot -p':AyjdUl!3-;*' #这边密码要加引号，要么然的话存在转义问题
#修改密码（这个密码一定要足够复杂，不然会不让你改，提示密码不合法）
mysql> SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@'localhost' = PASSWORD('1qaz@WSX'); mysql> flush privileges; mysql> exit Bye
#登录数据库
[root@mysql5 bin]# mysql -uroot -p'1qaz@WSX'
8、查看mysql版本
[root@mysql5 bin]# mysql -V mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.11, for Linux (x86_64) using EditLine wrapper
9、查看数据库用户表
mysql> select host,user from mysql.user; +-----------+-----------+ | host | user | +-----------+-----------+ | localhost | mysql.sys | | localhost | root | +-----------+-----------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)