CentOS 8安装RabbitMQ

第一步：安装yum仓库

导入签名KEY：

## primary RabbitMQ signing key
## 这一步如果因为网络问题下载不成功，可以先将签名文件下载下来，本地导入
rpm --import https://github.com/rabbitmq/signing-keys/releases/download/2.0/rabbitmq-release-signing-key.asc

## modern Erlang repository
rpm --import https://packagecloud.io/rabbitmq/erlang/gpgkey
## RabbitMQ server repository
rpm --import https://packagecloud.io/rabbitmq/rabbitmq-server/gpgkey

手动配置Yum源：
新建文件“/etc/yum.repos.d/rabbitmq.repo”，编辑如下内容：

# In /etc/yum.repos.d/rabbitmq.repo

##
## Zero dependency Erlang
##

[rabbitmq_erlang]
name=rabbitmq_erlang
baseurl=https://packagecloud.io/rabbitmq/erlang/el/8/$basearch
repo_gpgcheck=1
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
# PackageCloud's repository key and RabbitMQ package signing key
gpgkey=https://packagecloud.io/rabbitmq/erlang/gpgkey
       https://github.com/rabbitmq/signing-keys/releases/download/2.0/rabbitmq-release-signing-key.asc
sslverify=1
sslcacert=/etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt
metadata_expire=300

[rabbitmq_erlang-source]
name=rabbitmq_erlang-source
baseurl=https://packagecloud.io/rabbitmq/erlang/el/8/SRPMS
repo_gpgcheck=1
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
# PackageCloud's repository key and RabbitMQ package signing key
gpgkey=https://packagecloud.io/rabbitmq/erlang/gpgkey
       https://github.com/rabbitmq/signing-keys/releases/download/2.0/rabbitmq-release-signing-key.asc
sslverify=1
sslcacert=/etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt
metadata_expire=300

##
## RabbitMQ server
##

[rabbitmq_server]
name=rabbitmq_server
baseurl=https://packagecloud.io/rabbitmq/rabbitmq-server/el/8/$basearch
repo_gpgcheck=1
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
# PackageCloud's repository key and RabbitMQ package signing key
gpgkey=https://packagecloud.io/rabbitmq/rabbitmq-server/gpgkey
       https://github.com/rabbitmq/signing-keys/releases/download/2.0/rabbitmq-release-signing-key.asc
sslverify=1
sslcacert=/etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt
metadata_expire=300

[rabbitmq_server-source]
name=rabbitmq_server-source
baseurl=https://packagecloud.io/rabbitmq/rabbitmq-server/el/8/SRPMS
repo_gpgcheck=1
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
gpgkey=https://packagecloud.io/rabbitmq/rabbitmq-server/gpgkey
sslverify=1
sslcacert=/etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt
metadata_expire=300

第二步：执行安装

更新Yum包元数据：

yum update -y

特别地，在腾讯云主机CentOS 8.2操作系统上安装时遇到无法从AppStream下载问题，解决办法参考：完美解决CentOS8 yum安装AppStream报错，更新yum后无法makecache的问题
另外还要注意：腾讯云主机的CentOS 8.2操作系统基础yum仓库文件的名字都是“CentOS-Linux-.repo”，而不是标准的“CentOS-.repo”命名方式，所以修改的时候不要搞错文件。

安装依赖：

## install these dependencies from standard OS repositories
yum install socat logrotate -y

安装Erlang和RabbitMQ：

## install RabbitMQ and zero dependency Erlang from the above repositories,
## ignoring any versions provided by the standard repositories
yum install --repo rabbitmq_erlang --repo rabbitmq_server erlang rabbitmq-server -y

第三步：启动服务

设置开机启动：

chkconfig rabbitmq-server on

安装服务工具：

yum -y install initscripts

启动服务：

# 启动服务
/sbin/service rabbitmq-server start

# 查看服务状态
/sbin/service rabbitmq-server status

# 停止服务
/sbin/service rabbitmq-server stop

查看服务端口是否已经正常：

netstat -anpt

Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:25672           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      84521/beam.smp
tcp6       0      0 :::5672                 :::*                    LISTEN      84521/beam.smp

默认服务端口5672已经处于监听状态，表明RabbitMQ服务启动成功。

第四步：启用Web管理

RabbitMQ的Web管理界面是通过插件实现的，默认并不启用，所以在查看端口的时候也不会看到管理端口“15672”在监听。

手动启用Web管理插件：rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management 。
再次查看监听端口：

netstat -anpt

Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:15672           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      84521/beam.smp
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:25672           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      84521/beam.smp
tcp6       0      0 :::5672                 :::*                    LISTEN      84521/beam.smp

查看插件列表状态；

rabbitmq-plugins list

Listing plugins with pattern ".*" ...
 Configured: E = explicitly enabled; e = implicitly enabled
 | Status: * = running on rabbit@VM-24-10-centos
 |/
[  ] rabbitmq_amqp1_0                  3.9.13
[  ] rabbitmq_auth_backend_cache       3.9.13
[  ] rabbitmq_auth_backend_http        3.9.13
[  ] rabbitmq_auth_backend_ldap        3.9.13
[  ] rabbitmq_auth_backend_oauth2      3.9.13
[  ] rabbitmq_auth_mechanism_ssl       3.9.13
[  ] rabbitmq_consistent_hash_exchange 3.9.13
[  ] rabbitmq_event_exchange           3.9.13
[  ] rabbitmq_federation               3.9.13
[  ] rabbitmq_federation_management    3.9.13
[  ] rabbitmq_jms_topic_exchange       3.9.13
[E*] rabbitmq_management               3.9.13
[e*] rabbitmq_management_agent         3.9.13
[  ] rabbitmq_mqtt                     3.9.13
[  ] rabbitmq_peer_discovery_aws       3.9.13
[  ] rabbitmq_peer_discovery_common    3.9.13
[  ] rabbitmq_peer_discovery_consul    3.9.13
[  ] rabbitmq_peer_discovery_etcd      3.9.13
[  ] rabbitmq_peer_discovery_k8s       3.9.13
[  ] rabbitmq_prometheus               3.9.13
[  ] rabbitmq_random_exchange          3.9.13
[  ] rabbitmq_recent_history_exchange  3.9.13
[  ] rabbitmq_sharding                 3.9.13
[  ] rabbitmq_shovel                   3.9.13
[  ] rabbitmq_shovel_management        3.9.13
[  ] rabbitmq_stomp                    3.9.13
[  ] rabbitmq_stream                   3.9.13
[  ] rabbitmq_stream_management        3.9.13
[  ] rabbitmq_top                      3.9.13
[  ] rabbitmq_tracing                  3.9.13
[  ] rabbitmq_trust_store              3.9.13
[e*] rabbitmq_web_dispatch             3.9.13
[  ] rabbitmq_web_mqtt                 3.9.13
[  ] rabbitmq_web_mqtt_examples        3.9.13
[  ] rabbitmq_web_stomp                3.9.13
[  ] rabbitmq_web_stomp_examples       3.9.13

可以看到跟Web管理相关的插件都启用了。

至此，虽然RabbitMQ的Web管理插件已经启用，但是只能在通过本机地址打开Web界面，如果希望从远程访问Web界面（大多数场景就是这样的），还需要进行配置。

默认情况下，启动RabbitMQ Server是没有明确指定配置文件的，也就是我们无法修改允许远程访问Web管理界面的参数。

# grep 'config file' /var/log/rabbitmq/rabbit@VM-24-10-centos.log
2022-03-17 16:51:36.534481+08:00 [info] <0.230.0>  config file(s) : (none) # 从这里可以看出RabbitMQ在启动时没有明确指定配置文件

解决办法：
（1）通过环境变量RABBITMQ_CONFIG_FILE指定RabbitMQ配置文件路径

# vim .bashrc
export RABBITMQ_CONFIG_FILE=/etc/rabbitmq/rabbitmq.conf

文件/etc/rabbitmq/rabbitmq.conf可能不存在，创建一个即可。
RabbitMQ的配置文件参数示例：rabbitmq.conf.example，可以直接下载下来使用，里面都是默认配置参数。

（2）修改允许远程访问Web界面的参数：将loopback_users.guest参数修改为false

loopback_users.guest = false

（3）重启RabbitMQ服务

/sbin/service rabbitmq-server stop
/sbin/service rabbitmq-server start

现在再来看RabbitMQ是否在启动时使用了指定配置文件：

grep 'config file' /var/log/rabbitmq/rabbit@VM-24-10-centos.log
2022-03-17 16:51:36.534481+08:00 [info] <0.230.0>  config file(s) : (none)
2022-03-17 17:22:09.174170+08:00 [info] <0.230.0>  config file(s) : /etc/rabbitmq/rabbitmq.conf # 显然，从启动日志看RabbitMQ现在使用了指定的配置文件

【参考】
https://github.com/rabbitmq/rabbitmq-server/blob/master/deps/rabbit/docs/rabbitmq.conf.example RabbitMQ官方配置文件示例
https://www.rabbitmq.com/relocate.html RabbitMQ环境变量含义
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_27198345/article/details/115384898 RabbitMQ的默认配置文件地址
https://blog.csdn.net/PacosonSWJTU/article/details/114198834 rabbitmq启动失败-报Failed to load advanced configuration file解决方法