一、ConfigParser简介
ConfigParser 是用来读取配置文件的包。配置文件的格式如下:中括号“[ ]”内包含的为section。section 下面为类似于key-value 的配置内容。
1: [db]
2: db_host = 127.0.0.1
3: db_port = 22
4: db_user = root
5: db_pass = rootroot
6:
7: [concurrent]
8: thread = 10
9: processor = 20
中括号“[ ]”内包含的为section。紧接着section 为类似于key-value 的options 的配置内容。
二、ConfigParser 初始工作
使用ConfigParser 首选需要初始化实例,并读取配置文件:
1: cf = ConfigParser.ConfigParser()
2: cf.read("配置文件名")
三、ConfigParser 常用方法
1. 获取所有sections。也就是将配置文件中所有“[ ]”读取到列表中:
1: s = cf.sections()
2: print 'section:', s
将输出(以下将均以简介中配置文件为例):
1: section: ['db', 'concurrent']
2. 获取指定section 的options。即将配置文件某个section 内key 读取到列表中:
1: o = cf.options("db")
2: print 'options:', o
将输出:
1: options: ['db_host', 'db_port', 'db_user', 'db_pass']
3. 获取指定section 的配置信息。
1: v = cf.items("db")
2: print 'db:', v
将输出:
1: db: [('db_host', '127.0.0.1'), ('db_port', '22'), ('db_user', 'root'), ('db_pass', 'rootroot')]
4. 按照类型读取指定section 的option 信息。
同样的还有getfloat、getboolean。
1: #可以按照类型读取出来
2: db_host = cf.get("db", "db_host")
3: db_port = cf.getint("db", "db_port")
4: db_user = cf.get("db", "db_user")
5: db_pass = cf.get("db", "db_pass")
6:
7: # 返回的是整型的
8: threads = cf.getint("concurrent", "thread")
9: processors = cf.getint("concurrent", "processor")
10:
11: print "db_host:", db_host
12: print "db_port:", db_port
13: print "db_user:", db_user
14: print "db_pass:", db_pass
15: print "thread:", threads
16: print "processor:", processors
将输出:
1: db_host: 127.0.0.1
2: db_port: 22
3: db_user: root
4: db_pass: rootroot
5: thread: 10
6: processor: 20
5. 设置某个option 的值。(记得最后要写回)
1: cf.set("db", "db_pass", "zhaowei")
2: cf.write(open("test.conf", "w"))
6.添加一个section。(同样要写回)
1: cf.add_section('liuqing')
2: cf.set('liuqing', 'int', '15')
3: cf.set('liuqing', 'bool', 'true')
4: cf.set('liuqing', 'float', '3.1415')
5: cf.set('liuqing', 'baz', 'fun')
6: cf.set('liuqing', 'bar', 'Python')
7: cf.set('liuqing', 'foo', '%(bar)s is %(baz)s!')
8: cf.write(open("test.conf", "w"))
7. 移除section 或者option 。(只要进行了修改就要写回的哦)
1: cf.remove_option('liuqing','int')
2: cf.remove_section('liuqing')
3: cf.write(open("test.conf", "w"))
点击(此处)折叠或打开
- #!/usr/bin/env python
- from ConfigParser import ConfigParser
- CONFIGFILE="f.txt"
- config=ConfigParser()
- config.read(CONFIGFILE)
- print config.get('messages','greeting')
- radius=input(config.get('messages','questions')+' ')
- print config.get('messages','result')
- print config.getfloat('numbers','pi')*radius**2
- s=config.sections()
- print'section: ',s
- o=config.options('messages')
- print'messages option: ',o
- v=config.items("messages")
- print'message de xinxi: ',v
- config.add_section('liuyang1')
- config.set('liuyang1','int','15')
- config.set('liuyang'1,'hhhh','hello world')
- config.write(open("f.txt","w"))
- print config.get('liuyang1','int')
- print config.get('liuyang1','hhhh')
- #!/usr/bin/env python
- import ConfigParser
- import sys
- config=ConfigParser.ConfigParser()
- config.add_section("book1")
- config.set("book1","title","hello world")
- config.set("book1","aut","log")
- config.write(open("f.txt","w"))