自动化测试第十节---多线程、继承、列表推导、发邮件

1、列表推导：

举例：生成100以内奇数的list

‘‘‘如果i是数，for循环处理后得到的值i会循环传入number列表‘‘‘
names=['nyy','wxc',1234,['aaa'],'丹丹'
number=[i for i in range(1,100) if i%2!=0]
print(number)

2、继承

class AxFarther(object):
    def __init__(self,op):
        self.op=op
        print('父类:',op)
    def makeMoney(self):
        print("1000W")
# axf=AxFarther('抽烟，喝酒')#打印“抽烟，喝酒”

# #重写父类的构造方法
class Ax(AxFarther):
    def __init__(self,op,code):
        print('子类：',code)
        self.code = code
    def makeMoney(self):#重写父类的方法
        print('子类方法：', "2000W")
ax=Ax('抽烟，喝酒','python')#打印“子类： python”
ax.makeMoney()#打印"子类方法： 2000W"

#修改父类构造方法，在父类构造方法基础上，添加新功能
class Ax(AxFarther):
    def __init__(self,op,code):
        AxFarther.__init__(self,op)#先把原来的调用一下,有父类的功能,如果想修改父类的构造方法，就先调用以下父类的构造方法，经典类必须这么写，新式类两种都行
        # super(Ax,self).__init__(op)#作用同上，super里传的是本类，super会自动找到父类的构造方法
        print('子类：',code)
        self.code=code
    def makeMoney(self):#重写父类的方法
        print('子类方法：',"2000W")
ax=Ax('抽烟，喝酒','python')#打印父类: 抽烟，喝酒/n子类： python
ax.makeMoney()#打印"子类方法： 2000W"

3、多线程

#程序一运行，首先有个主线程
#循环创建10个子线程，让这十个子线程去运行axb这个函数
#主线程继续走，打印了'game over'
import threading,time#每个程序默认有一个主线程
def axb(name):
    # time.sleep(1)
    print('hahaha',name)
    print(time.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S',time.localtime()))#同时启动，时间一致
for i in range(1000):#循环启动十个线程，执行函数axb，子线程，threading启动的都是子线程
    t = threading.Thread(target=axb, args=(i,))  # 实例化一个线程，启动一个线程
    t.start()
print('game over')

#怎么获取到多线程执行的函数里面的返回值
import time, requests,threading
run_times=[]
objs=[]
def blog(url):
    s_time=time.time()
    r=requests.get(url).text
    e_time=time.time()
    run_time=e_time-s_time
    run_times.append(run_time)
url='http://www.nnzhp.cn/archives/527'
for i in range(100):#通过多线程指定运行的函数，不能获取到函数的返回值
    t=threading.Thread(target=blog,args=(url,))
    t.start()
    objs.append(t)
for obj in objs:#等待所有子线程执行完
    obj.join()
avg=sum(run_times)/len(run_times)
print("平均时间是：",avg)

4、多进程

from multiprocessing import Process
import time
def test(i):
    time.sleep(1)
    print(i)
if __name__=='__main__':
    for i in range(10):
        p = Process(target=test, args=(i,))
        p.start()

5、守护线程

#主线程执行完了，那么不管子线程有没有执行完，都一起结束
import time,threading
def test():
    time.sleep(2)
    print('hahaha')
for i in range(5):
    t=threading.Thread(target=test)
    t.setDaemon(True)#设置子线程为守护线程（此程序中主线程建立完子线程后就结束了，所以什么都打印不出来）
    t.start()
6、锁

# from threading import Lock
a=0
# lock=Lock()#申请一把锁
def test():
    global a
    # lock.acquire()#加锁，python3可以不用手动加锁
    a+=1
    # lock.release()#解锁，python3可以不用手动解锁
import threading
#多线程在处理一个任务的时候，同时操作一个变量
for i in range(1000):
    t = threading.Thread(target=test)
    t.start()
print(a)

7、例子：保存多个html-多线程-爬虫

import requests,threading,time
def write_html(url,name):
   r = requests.get(url)
   with open(name,'w',encoding='utf-8') as fw:
      fw.write(r.text)
urls=['www.nnzhp.cn','besttest.cn','www.imdsx.cn','sb.nnzhp.cn','bbs.besttest.cn']
objs = []#存放每个线程
start_time = time.time()
for url in urls:
   new_url = 'http://'+url
   file_name = url+'.html'  #www.nnzhp.cn.html
   t = threading.Thread(target=write_html,args=(new_url,file_name))
   objs.append(t)
   t.start()
   # t.join()#主线程等待
   #.join就是主线程在等待每个子线程执行完成。
#1、先启动10个线程，让他们在跑着
#2、主线程再等他们
# for obj in objs:
#  print('每次的obj',obj)
#  obj.join()
   # write_html(new_url,file_name)
end_time = time.time()
print('程序总共运行了',end_time-start_time)
# cases
   # a.xls b.xls c.xls
8、发邮件-带有附件

import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
# from email.header import Header
def send_mail(sender,pwd,receiver,content,subject,mailhost='smtp.qq.com',port=465):
    msg = MIMEMultipart()
    file = 'a.txt'
    att = MIMEText(open(file, encoding='utf8').read())  # 发送的附件对象
    att["Content-Type"] = 'application/octet-stream'
    att["Content-Disposition"] = 'attachment;filename="%s"' % file
    msg.attach(att)  # 把附件添加到邮件里面
    msg.attach(MIMEText(content))  # 邮件正文内容添加到msg邮件对象里面
    msg['Subject']=subject
    msg['From']=sender
    msg['To']=receiver

    smtp=smtplib.SMTP_SSL(mailhost,port)
    smtp.login(sender,pwd)
    smtp.sendmail(sender,receiver,msg.as_string())
    smtp.quit()
    print('email send success.')

sender = 'XXX'  # 发送者账号
pwd = 'XXX'  # 发送者密码
receiver = 'XXX'
subject = '测试邮件标题'
content = '这里是邮件内容'
send_mail(sender,pwd,receiver,content,subject)

9、发送普通邮件

import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
def send_mail(sender,pwd,receiver,content,subject,mailhost='smtp.qq.com',port=465):
    mail=MIMEText(content)
    mail['Subject']=subject
    mail['From']=sender
    mail['To']=receiver
    smtp=smtplib.SMTP_SSL(mailhost,port)
    smtp.login(sender,pwd)
    smtp.sendmail(sender,receiver,mail.as_string())
    smtp.quit()
    print('email send success.')

sender = 'XXX'  # 发送者账号
pwd = 'XXX'  # 发送者密码
receiver = 'XXX'
subject = '测试邮件标题'
content = '这里是邮件内容'
send_mail(sender,pwd,receiver,content,subject)