• Redis:Redis的安装


    Redis优势

    性能极高             – Redis能读的速度是110000次/s,写的速度是81000次/s 。

    丰富的数据类型  – Redis支持二进制案例的 Strings, Lists, Hashes, Sets 及 Ordered Sets 数据类型操作。

    原子                          – Redis的所有操作都是原子性的,同时Redis还支持对几个操作全并后的原子性执行。

    丰富的特性         – Redis还支持 publish/subscribe, 通知, key 过期等等特性

     

    Redis安装(版本4.0)

    由于redis本身是采用c++ 编写的,所以解压完成后,需要编译和安装。所以先要在系统中安装 c++的编译器  gcc-c++

     

    下载编译器

    1. 在线安装(有网络环境)

    yum install -y gcc-c++

    wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-4.0.6.tar.gz

    2. 离线安装(无网络环境)

          可以到 http://vault.centos.org/6.5/os/x86_64/Packages/

    下载如下rpm包:

    ppl-0.10.2-11.el6.x86_64.rpm
    
    ppl-devel-0.10.2-11.el6.x86_64.rpm
    
    gmp-devel-4.3.1-7.el6_2.2.x86_64.rpm
    
    cloog-ppl-devel-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86_64.rpm
    
    cpp-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64.rpm
    
    glibc-devel-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64.rpm
    
    glibc-headers-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64.rpm
    
    libstdc++-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64.rpm
    
    libstdc++-devel-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64.rpm
    
    gcc-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64.rpm
    
    gcc-c++-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64.rpm
    
    kernel-headers-2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64.rpm
    
    mpfr-2.4.1-6.el6.x86_64.rpm

    逐个使用命令安装:

     rpm –ivh ***.rpm

    最后准备Redis的tar包(下载路径redis-4.0.6.tar.gz):

    redis-4.0.6.tar.gz

    解压tar包

    tar -zxvf redis-4.0.6.tar.gz

    编译安装

    进入解压后的目录内进行编译安装(如下命令可同时操作)

    make install PREFIX=/usr/local/redis

    /usr/local/redis是redis的安装路径,目录名不是一定要叫redis可以自己定义

    Redis启动方式(三种)

    1.前置启动

    进入redis的安装路径中bin路径,查看里面的文件,其中 redis-server文件就是redis的启动文件

    ./redis-server

    运行这个文件,会看到一个图形界面,界面中显示redis的版本、软件位数、监听的端口(6379)、PID等信息

    说明redis的安装和启动成功。

    [root@iZwz991stxdwj560bfmadtZ src]# ./redis-server
    18685:C 13 Dec 12:56:12.507 # oO0OoO0OoO0Oo Redis is starting oO0OoO0OoO0Oo
    18685:C 13 Dec 12:56:12.507 # Redis version=4.0.6, bits=64, commit=00000000, modified=0, pid=18685, just started
    18685:C 13 Dec 12:56:12.507 # Warning: no config file specified, using the default config. In order to specify a config file use ./redis-server /path/to/redis.conf
                    _._                                                  
               _.-``__ ''-._                                             
          _.-``    `.  `_.  ''-._           Redis 4.0.6 (00000000/0) 64 bit
      .-`` .-```.  ```/    _.,_ ''-._                                   
     (    '      ,       .-`  | `,    )     Running in standalone mode
     |`-._`-...-` __...-.``-._|'` _.-'|     Port: 6379
     |    `-._   `._    /     _.-'    |     PID: 18685
      `-._    `-._  `-./  _.-'    _.-'                                   
     |`-._`-._    `-.__.-'    _.-'_.-'|                                  
     |    `-._`-._        _.-'_.-'    |           http://redis.io        
      `-._    `-._`-.__.-'_.-'    _.-'                                   
     |`-._`-._    `-.__.-'    _.-'_.-'|                                  
     |    `-._`-._        _.-'_.-'    |                                  
      `-._    `-._`-.__.-'_.-'    _.-'                                   
          `-._    `-.__.-'    _.-'                                       
              `-._        _.-'                                           
                  `-.__.-'                                               
    
    18685:M 13 Dec 12:56:12.508 # WARNING: The TCP backlog setting of 511 cannot be enforced because /proc/sys/net/core/somaxconn is set to the lower value of 128.
    18685:M 13 Dec 12:56:12.508 # Server initialized
    18685:M 13 Dec 12:56:12.508 # WARNING overcommit_memory is set to 0! Background save may fail under low memory condition. To fix this issue add 'vm.overcommit_memory = 1' to /etc/sysctl.conf and then reboot or run the command 'sysctl vm.overcommit_memory=1' for this to take effect.
    18685:M 13 Dec 12:56:12.508 # WARNING you have Transparent Huge Pages (THP) support enabled in your kernel. This will create latency and memory usage issues with Redis. To fix this issue run the command 'echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled' as root, and add it to your /etc/rc.local in order to retain the setting after a reboot. Redis must be restarted after THP is disabled.
    18685:M 13 Dec 12:56:12.508 * Ready to accept connections

    但是这种启动方式需要一直打开窗口,不能进行其他操作,不太方便。

    按 ctrl + c可以关闭窗口。

    2.后置启动

    第一步:修改redis.conf文件

    将如下设置
    daemonize no
    改成
    daemonize yes

    第二步:指定redis.conf文件启动

    使用./redis-server 命令指定操作redis.conf文件

    ./redis-server /usr/local/redis-4.0.6/redis.conf
    [root@iZwz991stxdwj560bfmadtZ src]# ./redis-server /usr/local/redis-4.0.6/redis.conf 
    18713:C 13 Dec 13:07:41.109 # oO0OoO0OoO0Oo Redis is starting oO0OoO0OoO0Oo
    18713:C 13 Dec 13:07:41.109 # Redis version=4.0.6, bits=64, commit=00000000, modified=0, pid=18713, just started
    18713:C 13 Dec 13:07:41.109 # Configuration loaded

    测试是否启动

    ps -aux|grep redis
    [root@iZwz991stxdwj560bfmadtZ src]# ps -aux | grep redis
    root     18714  0.0  0.1 141752  2008 ?        Ssl  13:07   0:00 ./redis-server 127.0.0.1:6379
    root     18719  0.0  0.0 112644   968 pts/0    R+   13:09   0:00 grep --color=auto redis

    3.设置开机启动

    1、在/etc目录下新建redis目录

    mkdir redis

    2、将/usr/local/redis-4.0.6/redis.conf 文件复制一份到/etc/redis目录下,并命名为6379.conf

    cp /usr/local/redis-4.0.6/redis.conf /etc/redis/6379.conf

    3、将redis的启动脚本复制一份放到/etc/init.d目录下

    cp /usr/local/redis-4.0.6/utils/redis_init_script /etc/init.d/redisd

    4、使用vim编辑redisd文件,在第一行加入如下两行注释,保存退出

    # chkconfig:   2345 90 10
    # description:  Redis is a persistent key-value database

    注释的意思是,redis服务必须在运行级2,3,4,5下被启动或关闭,启动的优先级是90,关闭的优先级是10。

    5、设置redis开机自启动

    切换到/etc/init.d目录下,执行自启命令

    chkconfig redisd on

    现在可以直接已服务的形式启动和关闭redis了

    6、启动关闭命令

    启动
    service redisd start 
    
    关闭
    service redisd stop
    [root@izwz991stxdwj560bfmadtz ~]# service redisd start
    Starting Redis server...
    2288:C 13 Dec 13:51:38.087 # oO0OoO0OoO0Oo Redis is starting oO0OoO0OoO0Oo
    2288:C 13 Dec 13:51:38.087 # Redis version=4.0.6, bits=64, commit=00000000, modified=0, pid=2288, just started
    2288:C 13 Dec 13:51:38.087 # Configuration loaded
    [root@izwz991stxdwj560bfmadtz ~]# service redisd stop
    Stopping ...
    Redis stopped

    问题:

    引起这类问题一般都是强制关掉电源或断电造成的,也是没等linux正常关机

    [root@iZwz991stxdwj560bfmadtZ ~]# service redisd start
    /var/run/redis_6379.pid exists, process is already running or crashed

    处理办法2种

    1:可用安装文件启动     redis-server /etc/redis/6379.conf

    2:shutdown -r now 软重启让系统自动恢复下就行了

    文章整合至:https://www.cnblogs.com/zls1024/articles/9614412.htmlhttps://www.cnblogs.com/zuidongfeng/p/8032505.htmlhttps://blog.csdn.net/luozhonghua2014/article/details/54649295

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/nhdlb/p/12493881.html
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