• 高可用Kubernetes集群-5. 部署flannel网络


    七.部署flannel网络

    kubernetes支持基于vxlan方式的flannel与weave网络,基于BGP路由的Calico网络,本节采用flannel网络。

    Flannel网络采用etcd等kv存储做集中控制,在每个host生成1个subnet,每个host上的subnet通过vxlan方式打通。

    1. 创建flannel TLS证书与私钥

    etcd集群启用了双向TLS认证,需要为flannel网络指定与etcd集群通信的CA与秘钥。

    1)创建flannel证书签名请求

    [root@kubenode1 ~]# mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/flannel
    [root@kubenode1 ~]# cd /etc/kubernetes/flannel/
    [root@kubenode1 flannel]# touch flanneld-csr.json
    
    # hosts字段留空
    [root@kubenode1 flannel]# vim flanneld-csr.json
    {
        "CN": "flanneld",
        "hosts": [],
        "key": {
            "algo": "rsa",
            "size": 2048
        },
        "names": [
            {
                "C": "CN",
                "ST": "ChengDu",
                "L": "ChengDu",
                "O": "k8s",
                "OU": "cloudteam"
            }
        ]
    }

    2)生成flannel证书与私钥

    [root@kubenode1 flannel]# cfssl gencert -ca=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem 
    -ca-key=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem 
    -config=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-config.json 
    -profile=kubernetes flanneld-csr.json | cfssljson -bare flanneld

    # 分发flanneld.pem,flanneld-key.pem
    [root@kubenode1 flannel]# scp flanneld.pem flanneld-key.pem root@172.30.200.22:/etc/kubernetes/flannel/
    [root@kubenode1 flannel]# scp flanneld.pem flanneld-key.pem root@172.30.200.23:/etc/kubernetes/flannel/

    2. 在etcd写入集群Pod网段信息

    # 在etcd集群(1个节点操作即可)写入”key-value”,即Pod网段信息,”key”指”${FLANNEL_ETCD_PREFIX}/config”
    # etcdctl采用的是etcd v2 api;
    # 注意其中使用的环境变量,${CLUSTER_CIDR}需要与kube-controller-manager的参数--cluster-cidr一致;
    [root@kubenode1 flannel]# etcdctl --endpoints=${ETCD_ENDPOINTS} 
    --ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem 
    --cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/flannel/flanneld.pem 
    --key-file=/etc/kubernetes/flannel/flanneld-key.pem 
    set ${FLANNEL_ETCD_PREFIX}/config '{"Network":"'${CLUSTER_CIDR}'", "SubnetLen": 24, "Backend": {"Type": "vxlan"}}'

    3. 下载部署flannel

    [root@kubenode1 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
    [root@kubenode1 src]# wget https://github.com/coreos/flannel/releases/download/v0.10.0/flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz
    
    [root@kubenode1 src]# mkdir -p /usr/local/flannel
    [root@kubenode1 src]# tar -zxvf flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz
    [root@kubenode1 src]# cd /usr/local/flannel/

    4. 配置flanneld的systemd unit文件

    [root@kubenode1 src]# cd /usr/local/flannel/
    [root@kubenode1 flannel]# touch /usr/lib/systemd/system/flanneld.service
    
    # EnvironmentFile:这里将flanneld的启动参数放在unit文件之外,修改后不用重载;
    # ExecStart:启动文件位置,并带上指定参数的变量;
    # ExecStartPost:启动后需要执行的操作,这里利用mk-docker-opts.sh脚本将分配到flanneld的Pod subnet信息写入到/run/flannel/docker文件中,docker服务启动时调用/run/flannel/docker文件中的参数设置docker0网桥;
    # RequiredBy:docker.service依赖与flanneld服务;
    # flanneld使用系统默认路由所在接口封装vxlan与其他节点通信,多网口时可使用--iface选项指定通信接口
    [root@kubenode1 flannel]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/flanneld.service
    [Unit]
    Description=Flanneld overlay address etcd agent
    Documentation=https://github.com/coreos
    After=network.target
    After=network-online.target
    Wants=network-online.target
    After=etcd.service
    Before=docker.service
    
    [Service]
    Type=notify
    EnvironmentFile=/usr/local/flannel/flanneld.conf
    ExecStart=/usr/local/flannel/flanneld $FLANNELD_ARGS
    ExecStartPost=/usr/local/flannel/mk-docker-opts.sh -k DOCKER_NETWORK_OPTIONS -d /run/flannel/docker
    Restart=on-failure
    
    [Install]
    WantedBy=multi-user.target
    RequiredBy=docker.service
    
    # 启动参数文件,“-etcd-prefix”指定flannel网络配置存储路径,注意与写入etcd集群的“k-v”路径对应
    [root@kubenode1 flannel]# touch /usr/local/flannel/flanneld.conf
    [root@kubenode1 flannel]# vim /usr/local/flannel/flanneld.conf
    FLANNELD_ARGS="-etcd-cafile=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem 
      -etcd-certfile=/etc/kubernetes/flannel/flanneld.pem 
      -etcd-keyfile=/etc/kubernetes/flannel/flanneld-key.pem 
      -etcd-endpoints=https://172.30.200.21:2379,https://172.30.200.22:2379,https://172.30.200.23:2379 
      -etcd-prefix=/kubernetes/network"

    5. 修改docker的systemd unit文件

    # 增加EnvironmentFile项:指定启动参数位置,注意与flanneld设定的文件对应;
    # 修改ExecStart项:unix为开放本地客户端调用dockerd接口,ip地址为开放远端客户端调用dockerd接口,指定参数注意与flanneld设定的参数名对应
    [root@kubenode1 flannel]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service
    [Unit]
    Description=Docker Application Container Engine
    Documentation=https://docs.docker.com
    After=network.target
    
    [Service]
    Type=notify
    EnvironmentFile=-/run/flannel/docker
    ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd -H unix:///var/run/docker.sock -H 0.0.0.0:2375 $DOCKER_NETWORK_OPTIONS
    ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
    LimitNOFILE=infinity
    LimitNPROC=infinity
    LimitCORE=infinity
    TimeoutStartSec=0
    Delegate=yes
    KillMode=process
    
    [Install]
    WantedBy=multi-user.target
    
    # docker启动参数文件,创建相应的目录与文件即可,不用编辑;
    # mk-docker-opts.sh会利用从etcd分配到的信息编辑此文件
    [root@kubenode1 flannel]# mkdir -p /run/flannel
    [root@kubenode1 flannel]# touch /run/flannel/docker

    6. 启动flanneld

    # docker服务应该在flanneld服务之后启动
    [root@kubenode1 flannel]# systemctl daemon-reload
    [root@kubenode1 flannel]# systemctl enable flanneld
    [root@kubenode1 flannel]# systemctl stop docker
    [root@kubenode1 flannel]# systemctl start flanneld
    [root@kubenode1 flannel]# systemctl start docker

    7. 验证

    1)网口

    # docker0已从etcd获取Pod网段内1个24位subnet的地址,取代默认的172.17.0.0/16的地址;
    # 对外(除跨主机的容器通信),采用默认的bridge网络,以nat的形式与外部通信;
    # 同时生成一个flannel.1网口,跨主机的通信即通过flannel.1做vxlan的封装发出;
    # flannel为每台主机分配独立的24位subnet,flannel.1将这些subnet连接起来,相互之间可路由;
    # flannel 没有提供隔离
    [root@kubenode1 ~]# ip address show

    2)路由

    # 在其余节点启动flanneld服务后,相关路由会被推送到各host主机;
    # 以下是kubenode1到kubenode2&kubenode3的路由,通过flannel.1做封装
    [root@kubenode1 ~]# ip route

    3)查看etcd分配到各flanneld的Pod网段信息

    # 集群Pod网段,即写入etcd的Pod网段信息
    [root@kubenode1 ~]# etcdctl 
    --endpoints=${ETCD_ENDPOINTS}  
    --ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem 
    --cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/flannel/flanneld.pem 
    --key-file=/etc/kubernetes/flannel/flanneld-key.pem 
    get ${FLANNEL_ETCD_PREFIX}/config

    # 已分配的Pod subnet列表
    [root@kubenode1 ~]# etcdctl 
    --endpoints=${ETCD_ENDPOINTS} 
    --ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem 
    --cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/flannel/flanneld.pem 
    --key-file=/etc/kubernetes/flannel/flanneld-key.pem 
    ls ${FLANNEL_ETCD_PREFIX}/subnets

    # 某Pod subnet对应的flanneld进程监听的ip与网络参数;
    # 任选1个Pod subnet列表,如10.254.3.0/24,可查询到其所在host节点与vtep mac地址
    [root@kubenode1 ~]# etcdctl 
    --endpoints=${ETCD_ENDPOINTS} 
    --ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem 
    --cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/flannel/flanneld.pem 
    --key-file=/etc/kubernetes/flannel/flanneld-key.pem 
    get ${FLANNEL_ETCD_PREFIX}/subnets/10.254.3.0-24

    4)ping测试

    # iptables input链最后一条规则“-A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited”,即不满足input已定义放行的规则,到链的最后则拒绝访问,同时返回"icmp-host-prohibited"消息;而flannel.1之间是通过udp封装的vxlan通信,input链默认未放行udp,导致docker0之间的ping包会被丢弃;
    # 不能重启iptables,docker服务启动,或Pod subnet有变更时会向iptables添加规则,重启会使相关规则丢失;

    #
    同时可以将/etc/sysconfig/iptables中下面两条规则注释掉
    [root@kubenode1 ~]# iptables -D INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
    [root@kubenode1 ~]# iptables -D FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited

    # ping测试
    [root@kubenode1 ~]# ping 10.254.3.1
    [root@kubenode1 ~]# ping 10.254.71.1

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/netonline/p/8696481.html
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