spring-boot的helloWorld详解

1.运行环境

开发工具：intellij idea

JDK版本：1.8

项目管理工具：Maven 3.2.5

2.Maven Plugin管理

pom.xml配置代码：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>spring-boot-helloWorld</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-helloWorld</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

  <!-- Spring Boot 启动父依赖 -->
  <parent>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    <version>1.3.3.RELEASE</version>
  </parent>

  <dependencies>
    <!-- Spring Boot web依赖 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <!-- Spring Boot test依赖 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
</project>

3.Application启动类编写

package com.goku.demo;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletComponentScan;

/**
 * Created by nbfujx on 2017/11/20.
 */
// Spring Boot 应用的标识
@SpringBootApplication
@ServletComponentScan
public class DemoApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 程序启动入口
        // 启动嵌入式的 Tomcat 并初始化 Spring 环境及其各 Spring 组件
        SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class,args);
    }
}

4.ExampleController控制器编写

package com.goku.demo.controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**
 * Created by nbfujx on 2017-11-20.
 */
@RestController
public class ExampleController {

    @RequestMapping("/")
    public String helloWorld()
    {
        return "helloWorld";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/{str}")
    public String helloWorld(@PathVariable  String str)
    {
        return "hello"+ str;
    }
}

5.使用MockMvc对Controller进行测试

添加相关单元测试

package test.com.goku.demo.controller;

import com.goku.demo.DemoApplication;
import com.goku.demo.controller.ExampleController;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.test.context.web.WebAppConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.RequestBuilder;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.ResultActions;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders;
import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders.get;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders.post;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultHandlers.print;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.status;

import static org.junit.Assert.*;

/**
 * Created by nbfujx on 2017-11-20.
 */
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = DemoApplication.class)//这里的Application是springboot的启动类名。
@WebAppConfiguration
public class ExampleControllerTest {

    @Autowired
    private WebApplicationContext context;
    private MockMvc mvc;

    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        mvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(context).build();//建议使用这种
    }

    @Test
    public void helloWorld() throws Exception {
        String responseString = mvc.perform(get("/")    //请求的url,请求的方法是get
                .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)  //数据的格式
                .param("pcode","root")         //添加参数
        ).andExpect(status().isOk())    //返回的状态是200
                .andDo(print())         //打印出请求和相应的内容
                .andReturn().getResponse().getContentAsString();   //将相应的数据转换为字符串
        System.out.println("--------返回的json = " + responseString);
    }

    @Test
    public void helloWorld1() throws Exception {
        String responseString = mvc.perform(get("/str")    //请求的url,请求的方法是get
                .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)  //数据的格式
                .param("pcode","root")         //添加参数
        ).andExpect(status().isOk())    //返回的状态是200
                .andDo(print())         //打印出请求和相应的内容
                .andReturn().getResponse().getContentAsString();   //将相应的数据转换为字符串
        System.out.println("--------返回的json = " + responseString);
    }

}

6.在页面上运行

http://localhost:8080/

http://localhost:8080/str

7.GITHUB地址

https://github.com/nbfujx/springBoot-learn-demo/tree/master/spring-boot-helloWorld