1.初始化数据库
在$mysql_base目录下，新增加存放data的文件夹，用mysql_install_db命令执行初始化
[root@ora11g scripts]# ./mysql_install_db --help | less Usage: ./mysql_install_db [OPTIONS] --basedir=path The path to the MySQL installation directory. --builddir=path If using --srcdir with out-of-directory builds, you will need to set this to the location of the build directory where built files reside. --cross-bootstrap For internal use. Used when building the MySQL system tables on a different host than the target. --datadir=path The path to the MySQL data directory. --defaults-extra-file=name Read this file after the global files are read. --defaults-file=name Only read default options from the given file name. --force Causes mysql_install_db to run even if DNS does not work. In that case, grant table entries that normally use hostnames will use IP addresses. --help Display this help and exit. --ldata=path The path to the MySQL data directory. Same as --datadir. --no-defaults Don't read default options from any option file. --rpm For internal use. This option is used by RPM files during the MySQL installation process. --skip-name-resolve Use IP addresses rather than hostnames when creating grant table entries. This option can be useful if your DNS does not work. --srcdir=path The path to the MySQL source directory. This option uses the compiled binaries and support files within the source tree, useful for if you don't want to install MySQL yet and just want to create the system tables. --user=user_name The login username to use for running mysqld. Files and directories created by mysqld will be owned by this user. You must be root to use this option. By default mysqld runs using your current login name and files and directories that it creates will be owned by you. All other options are passed to the mysqld program
[root@ora11g scripts]# ./mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data2 --user=mysql Installing MySQL system tables... OK Filling help tables... OK To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER ! To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands: /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password' /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h ora11g password 'new-password' Alternatively you can run: /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation which will also give you the option of removing the test databases and anonymous user created by default. This is strongly recommended for production servers. See the manual for more instructions. You can start the MySQL daemon with: cd /usr/local/mysql ; /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe & You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl cd /usr/local/mysql/mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl Please report any problems at http://bugs.mysql.com/ [root@ora11g scripts]#
同样，再初始化一个data3
修改my.cnf的配置，添加上multi的相关属性，如果不是很清楚需要添加什么的话，可以参考mult给的例子
[root@ora11g ~]# mysqld_multi --example [mysqld_multi] mysqld = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin user = multi_admin password = my_password [mysqld2] socket = /tmp/mysql.sock2 port = 3307 pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysqldata2/hostname.pid2 datadir = /usr/local/mysql/mysqldata2 language = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/english user = unix_user1 [mysqld3] mysqld = /path/to/mysqld_safe ledir = /path/to/mysqld-binary/ mysqladmin = /path/to/mysqladmin socket = /tmp/mysql.sock3 port = 3308 pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysqldata3/hostname.pid3 datadir = /usr/local/mysql/mysqldata3 language = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/swedish user = unix_user2 [mysqld4] socket = /tmp/mysql.sock4 port = 3309 pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysqldata4/hostname.pid4 datadir = /usr/local/mysql/mysqldata4 language = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/estonia user = unix_user3 [mysqld6] socket = /tmp/mysql.sock6 port = 3311 pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysqldata6/hostname.pid6 datadir = /usr/local/mysql/mysqldata6 language = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/japanese user = unix_user4 [root@ora11g ~]#
我的相关配置如下：
[mysqld_multi] mysqld = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin user = test password = test # The MySQL server [mysqld3306] port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql3306.sock pid-file = /tmp/mysql3306.pid skip-external-locking key_buffer_size = 16K max_allowed_packet = 1M table_open_cache = 4 sort_buffer_size = 64K read_buffer_size = 256K read_rnd_buffer_size = 256K net_buffer_length = 2K thread_stack = 128K basedir = /usr/local/mysql datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data server-id = 1 [mysqld3307] port = 3307 socket = /tmp/mysql3307.sock pid-file = /tmp/mysql3307.pid skip-external-locking key_buffer_size = 16K max_allowed_packet = 1M table_open_cache = 4 sort_buffer_size = 64K read_buffer_size = 256K read_rnd_buffer_size = 256K net_buffer_length = 2K thread_stack = 128K basedir = /usr/local/mysql datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data2 server-id = 1 [mysqld3308] port = 3308 socket = /tmp/mysql3308.sock pid-file = /tmp/mysql3308.pid skip-external-locking key_buffer_size = 16K max_allowed_packet = 1M table_open_cache = 4 sort_buffer_size = 64K read_buffer_size = 256K read_rnd_buffer_size = 256K net_buffer_length = 2K thread_stack = 128K basedir = /usr/local/mysql datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data3 server-id = 1
主要需要注意的几个参数是：[mysqld_multi]，port，socket，pid-file和datadir。
配置好之后，就可以启动了。
[root@ora11g bin]# ./mysqld_multi --defaults-file=../my.cnf start 3306 [root@ora11g bin]# ps -ef | grep mysq; root 10384 1 1 13:21 pts/2 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --port=3306 --socket=/tmp/mysql3306.sock --pid-file=/tmp/mysql3306.pid --skip-external-locking --key_buffer_size=16K --max_allowed_packet=1M --table_open_cache=4 --sort_buffer_size=64K --read_buffer_size=256K --read_rnd_buffer_size=256K --net_buffer_length=2K --thread_stack=128K --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --server-id=1 mysql 10665 10384 4 13:21 pts/2 00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --skip-external-locking --key-buffer-size=16K --max-allowed-packet=1M --table-open-cache=4 --sort-buffer-size=64K --read-buffer-size=256K --read-rnd-buffer-size=256K --net-buffer-length=2K --thread-stack=128K --server-id=1 --log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/ora11g.err --pid-file=/tmp/mysql3306.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql3306.sock --port=3306 root 10684 7661 0 13:21 pts/2 00:00:00 grep mysq [root@ora11g bin]# ps -ef | grep mysql root 10384 1 0 13:21 pts/2 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --port=3306 --socket=/tmp/mysql3306.sock --pid-file=/tmp/mysql3306.pid --skip-external-locking --key_buffer_size=16K --max_allowed_packet=1M --table_open_cache=4 --sort_buffer_size=64K --read_buffer_size=256K --read_rnd_buffer_size=256K --net_buffer_length=2K --thread_stack=128K --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --server-id=1 mysql 10665 10384 2 13:21 pts/2 00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --skip-external-locking --key-buffer-size=16K --max-allowed-packet=1M --table-open-cache=4 --sort-buffer-size=64K --read-buffer-size=256K --read-rnd-buffer-size=256K --net-buffer-length=2K --thread-stack=128K --server-id=1 --log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/ora11g.err --pid-file=/tmp/mysql3306.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql3306.sock --port=3306 root 10686 7661 0 13:21 pts/2 00:00:00 grep mysql [root@ora11g bin]# ./mysqld_multi --defaults-file=../my.cnf start 3307 [root@ora11g bin]# ./mysqld_multi --defaults-file=../my.cnf start 3308 [root@ora11g bin]# ps -ef | grep mysql root 10384 1 0 13:21 pts/2 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --port=3306 --socket=/tmp/mysql3306.sock --pid-file=/tmp/mysql3306.pid --skip-external-locking --key_buffer_size=16K --max_allowed_packet=1M --table_open_cache=4 --sort_buffer_size=64K --read_buffer_size=256K --read_rnd_buffer_size=256K --net_buffer_length=2K --thread_stack=128K --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --server-id=1 mysql 10665 10384 0 13:21 pts/2 00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --skip-external-locking --key-buffer-size=16K --max-allowed-packet=1M --table-open-cache=4 --sort-buffer-size=64K --read-buffer-size=256K --read-rnd-buffer-size=256K --net-buffer-length=2K --thread-stack=128K --server-id=1 --log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/ora11g.err --pid-file=/tmp/mysql3306.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql3306.sock --port=3306 root 10695 1 1 13:21 pts/2 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --port=3307 --socket=/tmp/mysql3307.sock --pid-file=/tmp/mysql3307.pid --skip-external-locking --key_buffer_size=16K --max_allowed_packet=1M --table_open_cache=4 --sort_buffer_size=64K --read_buffer_size=256K --read_rnd_buffer_size=256K --net_buffer_length=2K --thread_stack=128K --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data2 --server-id=1 mysql 10978 10695 7 13:21 pts/2 00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data2 --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --skip-external-locking --key-buffer-size=16K --max-allowed-packet=1M --table-open-cache=4 --sort-buffer-size=64K --read-buffer-size=256K --read-rnd-buffer-size=256K --net-buffer-length=2K --thread-stack=128K --server-id=1 --log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data2/ora11g.err --pid-file=/tmp/mysql3307.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql3307.sock --port=3307 root 11003 1 1 13:21 pts/2 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --port=3308 --socket=/tmp/mysql3308.sock --pid-file=/tmp/mysql3308.pid --skip-external-locking --key_buffer_size=16K --max_allowed_packet=1M --table_open_cache=4 --sort_buffer_size=64K --read_buffer_size=256K --read_rnd_buffer_size=256K --net_buffer_length=2K --thread_stack=128K --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data3 --server-id=1 mysql 11286 11003 15 13:21 pts/2 00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data3 --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --skip-external-locking --key-buffer-size=16K --max-allowed-packet=1M --table-open-cache=4 --sort-buffer-size=64K --read-buffer-size=256K --read-rnd-buffer-size=256K --net-buffer-length=2K --thread-stack=128K --server-id=1 --log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data3/ora11g.err --pid-file=/tmp/mysql3308.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql3308.sock --port=3308 root 11305 7661 0 13:21 pts/2 00:00:00 grep mysql [root@ora11g bin]#
中间有一个小插曲，因为我在安装mysql的时候，cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc ，当时制定的DMYSQL_DATADIR为mysqldata，所以在启动的时候，会报错：
[root@ora11g share]# more mysqld_multi.log mysqld_multi log file version 2.16; run: Fri Mar 28 12:58:30 2014 Starting MySQL servers 140328 12:58:30 [Warning] Can't create test file /usr/local/mysql/mysqldata/ora11g.lower-test 140328 12:58:30 [Warning] Can't create test file /usr/local/mysql/mysqldata/ora11g.lower-test /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld: Can't change dir to '/usr/local/mysql/mysqldata/' (Errcode: 2) 140328 12:58:30 [ERROR] Aborting 140328 12:58:30 [Note] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld: Shutdown complete mysqld_multi log file version 2.16; run: Fri Mar 28 12:59:07 2014 Starting MySQL servers 140328 12:59:07 [Warning] Can't create test file /usr/local/mysql/mysqldata/ora11g.lower-test 140328 12:59:07 [Warning] Can't create test file /usr/local/mysql/mysqldata/ora11g.lower-test /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld: Can't change dir to '/usr/local/mysql/mysqldata/' (Errcode: 2) 140328 12:59:07 [ERROR] Aborting
只需要把mysql_safe里面相应的data的目录从mysqldata改为data就可以正常启动了。
# Next try where the source installs put it elif test -d $MY_BASEDIR_VERSION/var/mysql then DATADIR=$MY_BASEDIR_VERSION/var # Or just give up and use our compiled-in default else DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data fi
再进数据库查看：
[root@ora11g bin]# cd /tmp [root@ora11g tmp]# ls keyring-HcV70B mysql3306.pid mysql3307.pid mysql3308.pid scim-panel-socket:0-root vmware-root mapping-root mysql3306.sock mysql3307.sock mysql3308.sock ssh-WENobU7545 [root@ora11g tmp]# ll total 24 drwx------ 2 root root 4096 Sep 26 2013 keyring-HcV70B srwxr-xr-x 1 root root 0 Sep 26 2013 mapping-root -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 6 Mar 28 13:21 mysql3306.pid srwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 0 Mar 28 13:21 mysql3306.sock -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 6 Mar 28 13:21 mysql3307.pid srwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 0 Mar 28 13:21 mysql3307.sock -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 6 Mar 28 13:21 mysql3308.pid srwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 0 Mar 28 13:21 mysql3308.sock srw------- 1 root root 0 Nov 15 2012 scim-panel-socket:0-root drwx------ 2 root root 4096 Mar 28 09:57 ssh-WENobU7545 drwx------ 2 root root 4096 Mar 27 17:03 vmware-root [root@ora11g tmp]# mysql -S mysql3306.sock Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g. Your MySQL connection id is 1 Server version: 5.5.37 Source distribution Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | | test | +--------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> exit Bye [root@ora11g tmp]# mysql -S mysql3308.sock Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g. Your MySQL connection id is 1 Server version: 5.5.37 Source distribution Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | | test | +--------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> exit Bye [root@ora11g tmp]#
当想使用stop来关闭的时候：
[root@ora11g mysql]# mysqld_multi --defaults-file=my.cnf stop 3306
发现log里面报错：
mysqld_multi log file version 2.16; run: Fri Mar 28 13:42:17 2014
Stopping MySQL servers
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin: connect to server at 'localhost' failed
error: 'Access denied for user 'test'@'localhost' (using password: YES)'
原来是相应的数据库里面还没有这个用户以及相应的权限。
去数据库中创建用户并授权：
[root@ora11g tmp]# ls -lrt total 24 srw------- 1 root root 0 Nov 15 2012 scim-panel-socket:0-root drwx------ 2 root root 4096 Sep 26 2013 keyring-HcV70B srwxr-xr-x 1 root root 0 Sep 26 2013 mapping-root drwx------ 2 root root 4096 Mar 27 17:03 vmware-root drwx------ 2 root root 4096 Mar 28 09:57 ssh-WENobU7545 srwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 0 Mar 28 13:21 mysql3306.sock -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 6 Mar 28 13:21 mysql3306.pid srwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 0 Mar 28 13:21 mysql3307.sock -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 6 Mar 28 13:21 mysql3307.pid srwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 0 Mar 28 13:21 mysql3308.sock -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 6 Mar 28 13:21 mysql3308.pid [root@ora11g tmp]# mysql -S mysql3306.sock Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g. Your MySQL connection id is 3 Server version: 5.5.37 Source distribution Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> grant shutdown on *.* to test@localhost identified by 'test' with grant option; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> show grants for test@localhost; +---------------------------------------------------------------+ | Grants for test@localhost | +---------------------------------------------------------------+ | GRANT SHUTDOWN ON *.* TO 'test'@'localhost' WITH GRANT OPTION | +---------------------------------------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.01 sec) mysql>
创建完毕后，再去停数据库：
[root@ora11g mysql]# mysqld_multi --defaults-file=my.cnf stop 3306-3308
[root@ora11g mysql]# ps -ef | grep 3306
root 11551 7661 0 13:49 pts/2 00:00:00 mysql -S mysql3306.sock
root 11583 7547 0 13:51 pts/1 00:00:00 grep 3306
可以在日志中发现已经能正常的进行关闭了。
Stopping MySQL servers
140328 13:50:53 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /tmp/mysql3306.pid ended
相应的，在tmp目录下面的socket文件也会相应的删除了。
140328 13:50:55 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /tmp/mysql3307.pid ended
mysqld_multi log file version 2.16; run: Fri Mar 28 13:50:56 2014
Stopping MySQL servers
140328 13:50:57 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /tmp/mysql3308.pid ended