• Gridview控件的使用要点


    在Gridview的使用中,需要记住的几点:

    1、在表格的删除、更新等操作中,如何关联数据库的主键。

      如有一学生信息表:有如下几个字段:studID--学生ID,studNo--学号,studName--姓名,studSex--性别,studScore--成绩。其中,studID为表的主键。

    下面有两种方法,使Gridview设置和获取表的主键。

    方法一:

      使用Gridview的“编辑列”中的“字段”对话框,由CommandField生成的“删除”按钮,见下面的代码:

    <asp:CommandField ShowDeleteButton="True" />

    Girdview前台部分页面代码如下:

    <asp:GridView ID="GridView1" runat="server" AllowPaging="True"
    AutoGenerateColumns="False" onpageindexchanging="GridView1_PageIndexChanging"
    onrowdatabound="GridView1_RowDataBound" PageSize="5" Width="657px"
    onrowdeleting="GridView1_RowDeleting"
    onrowcancelingedit="GridView1_RowCancelingEdit"
    onrowediting="GridView1_RowEditing" onrowupdating="GridView1_RowUpdating"
    onrowcommand="GridView1_RowCommand">
    <PagerSettings FirstPageText="第一页" LastPageText="最后页" Mode="NextPrevious"
    NextPageText="下一页" PreviousPageText="上一页" />
      <Columns>
       <asp:BoundField DataField="studNo" HeaderText="学号" />
       <asp:BoundField DataField="studName" HeaderText="姓名" />
       <asp:BoundField DataField="studSex" HeaderText="性别" />
       <asp:BoundField DataField="studScore" HeaderText="成绩" />
       <asp:CommandField ShowDeleteButton="True" />
       <asp:CommandField ShowEditButton="True" />
      </Columns>
    <PagerStyle HorizontalAlign="Right" />
    <HeaderStyle BackColor="#339966" />
    </asp:GridView>
     
    后台代码如下:
    public partial class gridviewTest : System.Web.UI.Page
    {
        protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (!this.IsPostBack)
            {
                DBind();
            }
        }
    
    
        下面的DBind()函数中利用Gridview的DataKeyNames属性绑定到数据表的主键。为下面进行“删除、插入、更新”等操作提供主键支持。
    protected void DBind()
    { SqlConnection con
    = dbcon.createConn(); //连接数据库类 con.Open(); SqlDataAdapter sda = new SqlDataAdapter("select * from stud", con); DataSet ds = new DataSet(); sda.Fill(ds, "stud"); this.GridView1.DataKeyNames = new string[] { "studID" }; //为删除、插入、更新等操作提供主键。 this.GridView1.DataSource = ds.Tables["stud"]; this.GridView1.DataBind(); con.Close(); }
        //实现翻页功能    
       protected void GridView1_PageIndexChanging(object sender, GridViewPageEventArgs e)
        {
            this.GridView1.PageIndex = e.NewPageIndex;
            DBind();
        }
     在Gridview中实现删除操作。其中:下面一行是获取表中主键的代码:
     int studid = Convert.ToInt32(this.GridView1.DataKeys[e.RowIndex].Value); 


    //实现表中记录的删除操作

    protected void GridView1_RowDeleting(object sender, GridViewDeleteEventArgs e)
      {
            SqlConnection con = dbcon.createConn();
            try
            {
                int studid = Convert.ToInt32(this.GridView1.DataKeys[e.RowIndex].Value);
                con.Open();
    
                SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand("delete from stud where studID=" + studid, con);
                cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
                DBind();
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw ex;
            }
            finally
            {
                con.Close();
            }
      }
    
      //实现表中记录的“编辑”操作。
    protected void GridView1_RowEditing(object sender, GridViewEditEventArgs e)
     {
            this.GridView1.EditIndex = e.NewEditIndex;
            DBind();
     }
    
      //实现表中记录的“更新”操作。

    protected void GridView1_RowUpdating(object sender, GridViewUpdateEventArgs e)
    {
        //此处同样首先要获取主键。
      }

    protected void GridView1_RowCancelingEdit(object sender, GridViewCancelEditEventArgs e) { this.GridView1.EditIndex = -1; DBind(); }

    }

    方法二:

    <asp:GridView ID="GridView1" runat="server" AllowPaging="True" 
                AutoGenerateColumns="False" onpageindexchanging="GridView1_PageIndexChanging" 
                onrowdatabound="GridView1_RowDataBound" PageSize="5" Width="657px" 
                onrowdeleting="GridView1_RowDeleting" 
                onrowcancelingedit="GridView1_RowCancelingEdit" 
                onrowediting="GridView1_RowEditing" onrowupdating="GridView1_RowUpdating" 
                onrowcommand="GridView1_RowCommand">
                <PagerSettings FirstPageText="第一页" LastPageText="最后页" Mode="NextPrevious" 
                    NextPageText="下一页" PreviousPageText="上一页" />
                <Columns>
                    <asp:BoundField DataField="studNo" HeaderText="学号" />
                    <asp:BoundField DataField="studName" HeaderText="姓名" />
                    <asp:BoundField DataField="studSex" HeaderText="性别" />
                    <asp:BoundField DataField="studScore" HeaderText="成绩" />
                                
                    <asp:CommandField ShowEditButton="True" />
                    <asp:TemplateField>
                        <ItemTemplate>
                            <asp:LinkButton ID="LinkButton1" runat="server" 
                                CommandArgument='<%# Eval("studID") %>' CommandName="delete">删除记录
                   </asp:LinkButton>
                        </ItemTemplate>
                    </asp:TemplateField>
                </Columns>
                <PagerStyle HorizontalAlign="Right" />
                <HeaderStyle BackColor="#339966" />
            </asp:GridView>

    前台代码与上面基本相同,只有如下一段区别,这样可提供与表关联主键的另一种方法:

    <ItemTemplate>
          <asp:LinkButton ID="LinkButton1" runat="server" 
              CommandArgument='<%# Eval("studID") %>' CommandName="delete">删除记录
       </asp:LinkButton>
    </ItemTemplate>

    为后台代码提供主键绑定。

      protected void GridView1_RowCommand(object sender, GridViewCommandEventArgs e)
        {
            if (e.CommandName == "delete")
            {   
           //获取表中记录主键的方法
                int stid = Convert.ToInt32(e.CommandArgument);
    
                //下面省略删除数据表记录的代码。
            }
        }

    2、为Gridview中为表格的行和单元格内的控件添加相关的属性,用于实现:1)鼠标在记录行上移动变色,2)在删除表中记录操作前,提供用户进行”确认“。

    //在对行进行了绑定后就激发。
    //当鼠标在数据行上移动时,行变色
    //为删除按钮添加“确认”功能。
    protected void GridView1_RowDataBound(object sender, GridViewRowEventArgs e)
    {
         if (e.Row.RowType == DataControlRowType.DataRow)
          {
                 
              e.Row.Attributes.Add("onmouseover", "c=this.style.backgroundColor; this.style.backgroundColor='#0088FF';");
              e.Row.Attributes.Add("onmouseout", "this.style.backgroundColor=c;");
    
              //为删除按钮添加”确认”功能。 下面的判断是必须的,否则会出现index索引超出范围的错误。
              if (e.Row.RowState == DataControlRowState.Normal || e.Row.RowState == DataControlRowState.Alternate)
              {
                   //((LinkButton)(e.Row.Cells[4].Controls[0])).Attributes.Add("onclick", "return confirm('真的要删除该用户?');");
                   ((LinkButton)(e.Row.Cells[4].Controls[0])).Attributes.Add("onclick", "return confirm('真的要删除该用户?" + DataBinder.Eval(e.Row.DataItem, "studName") + "');");
              }
           }
     }
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/myindg/p/2860417.html
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