Socket 编程

Socket通信基本流程

由此建立一个server和client相互通信的代码分别为：

Server相关：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Net;
using System.Threading;

namespace Scoket编程
{
    public partial class Form_Server : Form
    {
        public Form_Server()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            
        }

        private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //当点击开始监听的时候 在服务器创建一个负责监视IP地址跟端口号的Socket
            //使用ipv4地址，流式Socket方式，tcp传输协议
            Socket socketWatch = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream,ProtocolType.Tcp);

            //设置IP地址
            IPAddress ip = IPAddress.Parse(txtIP.Text);
            //IPAddress ip = IPAddress.Any;
            
            //创建端口对象
            IPEndPoint point = new IPEndPoint(ip, Convert.ToInt32(txtPort.Text));

            try
            {
                //将socket绑定到特定的地址
                socketWatch.Bind(point);

                //监听 
                //同一个时间点过来10个客户端，排队
                socketWatch.Listen(10);
                ShowMsg("服务器开始监听");

                Thread th = new Thread(AccpetInfo);
                th.IsBackground = true;
                th.Start(socketWatch);
            }
            catch(Exception ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
            }

        }

        //记录通信用的socket
        Dictionary<string, Socket> dic = new Dictionary<string, Socket>();

        void AccpetInfo(object o)
        {
            Socket socket = o as Socket;

            while(true)
            {

                try
                {
                    //创建通信用的Socket
                    Socket tsocket = socket.Accept();
                    string point = tsocket.RemoteEndPoint.ToString();
                    ShowMsg(point + "连接成功！");
                    cboIpPort.Items.Add(point);
                    cboIpPort.SelectedIndex = cboIpPort.Items.Count - 1;
                    dic.Add(point, tsocket);

                    //接受消息
                    Thread th = new Thread(ReceiveMsg);
                    th.IsBackground = true;
                    th.Start(tsocket);
                }
                catch(Exception ex)
                {
                    MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
                    break;
                }

            }
        }

        //接收消息
        void ReceiveMsg(object o)
        {
            Socket client = o as Socket;
            
            try
            {
                while (true)
                {
                    //接收客户端发来的消息
                    byte[] buffer = new byte[1024 * 1024];
                    //将接收来的数据放到buffer中，并返回实际接收到的数据长度
                    int n = client.Receive(buffer);

                    //如果接收的数据长度是0，表明已经远程连接已经断开，则跳出循环
                    if(n == 0)
                    {
                        break;
                    }
                    //将字节转成字符串
                    string words = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(buffer, 0, n);

                    ShowMsg(client.RemoteEndPoint.ToString() + ":" + words);
                }
            }
            catch(Exception ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
            }

        }

        void ShowMsg(string str)
        {
            txtLog.AppendText(str + "
");
        }

        private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Control.CheckForIllegalCrossThreadCalls = false;
        }

        //给客户端发送消息
        private void button5_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                ShowMsg(txtSend.Text);
                string ip = cboIpPort.Text;
                byte[] buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(txtSend.Text);
                dic[ip].Send(buffer); 
            }
            catch(Exception ex)
            {
                ShowMsg(ex.Message);
            }
        }
    }
}

　　

Client相关：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Net;
using System.Threading;

namespace Scoket编程
{
    public partial class Form_Client : Form
    {
        public Form_Client()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        Socket client = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
        private void btnConnect_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //连接到目标IP
            IPAddress ip = IPAddress.Parse(txtIp.Text);
            //连接到目标IP的端口号
            IPEndPoint point = new IPEndPoint(ip, int.Parse(txtPort.Text));

            try
            {
                //连接到服务器
                client.Connect(point);
                ShowMsg("连接成功");
                ShowMsg("服务器" + client.RemoteEndPoint.ToString());
                ShowMsg("服务器" + client.LocalEndPoint.ToString());

                //连接成功后，就可以接收服务器发送的消息了
                Thread th = new Thread(ReceiveMsg);
                th.IsBackground = true;
                th.Start();

            }
            catch(Exception ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
            }
        }

        //接收服务器消息
        void ReceiveMsg()
        {
            while(true)
            {

                try
                {
                    byte[] buffer = new byte[1024 * 1024];
                    int n = client.Receive(buffer);
                    string s = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(buffer, 0, n);
                    ShowMsg(client.RemoteEndPoint.ToString() + ":" + s);

                }
                catch(Exception ex)
                {
                    MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
                }
            }
        }

        void ShowMsg(string str)
        {
            txtLog.AppendText(str + "
");
        }

        private void btnSend_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if(client != null)
            {
                try
                {
                    ShowMsg(txtSend.Text);
                    byte[] buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(txtSend.Text);
                    client.Send(buffer);
                }
                catch(Exception ex)
                {
                    ShowMsg(ex.Message);

                }
            }
        }

        private void Form_Client_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Control.CheckForIllegalCrossThreadCalls = false;
        }

        private void txtSend_KeyPress(object sender, KeyPressEventArgs e)
        {
            //如果输入了回车，则执行发送；
            if(e.KeyChar == 13)
            {
                btnSend_Click(sender, e);
            }
        }

        
    }
}