一、反向代理简介
反向代理（Reverse Proxy）方式是指以代理服务器来接受internet上的连接请求，然后将请求转发给内部网络上的服务器，并将从服务器上得到的结果返回给internet上请求连接的客户端，此时代理服务器对外就表现为一个反向代理服务器。
二、
1、Nginx和Tomcat环境信息
Nginx: ip：192.168.182.130 端口：80 安装位置：/usr/local/nginx
Tomcat1: ip：192.168.182.130 端口：8080 安装位置：/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.0.50/
Tomcat2:
ip：192.168.182.131 端口：8080 安装位置：/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.0.50/
2、为了便于测试，修改两个tomcat站点ROOT的index.jsp页面为
<%-- Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License. --%> <%@ page pageEncoding="UTF-8" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" %> <% java.text.SimpleDateFormat sdf = new java.text.SimpleDateFormat("yyyy"); request.setAttribute("year", sdf.format(new java.util.Date())); request.setAttribute("tomcatUrl", "http://tomcat.apache.org/"); request.setAttribute("tomcatDocUrl", "/docs/"); request.setAttribute("tomcatExamplesUrl", "/examples/"); %> <!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <h1>tomcat1</h1> SessionId:<%=session.getId()%><br/> SessionIP:<%=request.getServerName()%><br/> </html>
3、启动两个tomcat，并测试tomcat能够正常访问
4、修改nginx配置信息，/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf，内容如下（需要将对应ip换成你自己的）:
#user nobody;
worker_processes 1;
#error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
#access_log logs/access.log main;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip on;
upstream backend{
server 192.168.182.131:8080;
server 192.168.182.130:8080;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.nginx1.com;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location / {
proxy_pass http://backend;
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
location /stat {
stub_status on;
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ .php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ .php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}
# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
# listen 8000;
# listen somename:8080;
# server_name somename alias another.alias;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
# HTTPS server
#
#server {
# listen 443 ssl;
# server_name localhost;
# ssl_certificate cert.pem;
# ssl_certificate_key cert.key;
# ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
# ssl_session_timeout 5m;
# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
}
其实只要修改两个地方就可以了（确保nginx安装对应模块），一个是新增
upstream backend{
server 192.168.182.131:8080;
server 192.168.182.130:8080;
}
另一个是在location / {} 里添加(这里的backend就是upstream所定义的)：
proxy_pass http://backend;
5、启动nginx
6、测试
浏览器访问192.168.182.130，ctrl + F5刷新浏览器，即可。
7、tomcat和nginx安装可以参考个人的随笔
yexiangyang
moyyexy@gmail.com