一.websocket响应握手信息即封包解包原理：
服务端
import socket
import base64
import hashlib
#封包
def send_msg(conn, msg_bytes):
"""
WebSocket服务端向客户端发送消息
:param conn: 客户端连接到服务器端的socket对象,即： conn,address = socket.accept()
:param msg_bytes: 向客户端发送的字节
:return:
"""
import struct
token = b"x81"
length = len(msg_bytes)
if length < 126:
token += struct.pack("B", length)
elif length <= 0xFFFF:
token += struct.pack("!BH", 126, length)
else:
token += struct.pack("!BQ", 127, length)
msg = token + msg_bytes
conn.send(msg)
return True
def get_headers(data):
"""
将请求头格式化成字典
:param data:
:return:
"""
header_dict = {}
data = str(data, encoding='utf-8')
header, body = data.split('
', 1)
header_list = header.split('
')
for i in range(0, len(header_list)):
if i == 0:
if len(header_list[i].split(' ')) == 3:
header_dict['method'], header_dict['url'], header_dict['protocol'] = header_list[i].split(' ')
else:
k, v = header_list[i].split(':', 1)
header_dict[k] = v.strip()
return header_dict
sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
sock.bind(('127.0.0.1', 8002))
sock.listen(5)
conn, address = sock.accept()
data = conn.recv(1024)
headers = get_headers(data) # 提取请求头信息
# 对请求头中的sec-websocket-key进行加密
response_tpl = "HTTP/1.1 101 Switching Protocols
"
"Upgrade:websocket
"
"Connection: Upgrade
"
"Sec-WebSocket-Accept: %s
"
"WebSocket-Location: ws://%s%s
"
magic_string = '258EAFA5-E914-47DA-95CA-C5AB0DC85B11'
value = headers['Sec-WebSocket-Key'] + magic_string
ac = base64.b64encode(hashlib.sha1(value.encode('utf-8')).digest())
response_str = response_tpl % (ac.decode('utf-8'), headers['Host'], headers['url'])
# 响应【握手】信息
conn.send(bytes(response_str, encoding='utf-8'))
# b'x81x87xbe0xb4xc7xc7Qxdaxabxd1^xd3'
# msg[1] & 127
#
# 10100011
# 01111111
# 00100011 <= 125 # x81x87 xbe0xb4xc7xc7Q xdaxabxd1^xd3'
# 00100011 == 126 # x81x87xbe0xb4 xc7xc7Qxdaxab xd1^xd3'xbe0xb4xc7xc7Qxdaxabxd1^xd3'
# 00100011 == 127 # x81x87 + 8个字节 内容
# mask
# for i in xc7Q xdaxabxd1^xd3':
# xc7Q mask
#解包
while True:
info = conn.recv(8096)
print('收到数据',info)
payload_len = info[1] & 127
if payload_len == 126:
extend_payload_len = info[2:4]
mask = info[4:8]
decoded = info[8:]
elif payload_len == 127:
extend_payload_len = info[2:10]
mask = info[10:14]
decoded = info[14:]
else:
extend_payload_len = None
mask = info[2:6]
decoded = info[6:]
bytes_list = bytearray()
for i in range(len(decoded)):
chunk = decoded[i] ^ mask[i % 4]
bytes_list.append(chunk)
body = str(bytes_list, encoding='utf-8')
print(body)
send_msg(conn,b'nononononono')
conn.close()
客户端（浏览器）：
1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 <html lang="en"> 3 <head> 4 <meta charset="UTF-8"> 5 <title>Title</title> 6 </head> 7 <body> 8 <div id="content"> 9 10 </div> 11 12 <script type="text/javascript"> 13 var socket = new WebSocket("ws://127.0.0.1:8002"); 14 socket.onmessage = function (event) { 15 /* 服务器端向客户端发送数据时，自动执行 */ 16 var response = event.data; 17 var newTag = document.createElement('div'); 18 newTag.innerHTML = response; 19 document.getElementById('content').appendChild(newTag); 20 }; 21 </script> 22 </body> 23 </html>
客户端其它方法
<script type="text/javascript">
var socket = new WebSocket("ws://127.0.0.1:8003/chatsocket");
socket.onopen = function () {
/* 与服务器端连接成功后，自动执行 */
var newTag = document.createElement('div');
newTag.innerHTML = "【连接成功】";
document.getElementById('content').appendChild(newTag);
};
socket.onmessage = function (event) {
/* 服务器端向客户端发送数据时，自动执行 */
var response = event.data;
var newTag = document.createElement('div');
newTag.innerHTML = response;
document.getElementById('content').appendChild(newTag);
};
socket.onclose = function (event) {
/* 服务器端主动断开连接时，自动执行 */
var newTag = document.createElement('div');
newTag.innerHTML = "【关闭连接】";
document.getElementById('content').appendChild(newTag);
};
function sendMsg() {
var txt = document.getElementById('txt');
socket.send(txt.value);
txt.value = "";
}
function closeConn() {
socket.close();
var newTag = document.createElement('div');
newTag.innerHTML = "【关闭连接】";
document.getElementById('content').appendChild(newTag);
}
</script>
web聊天室：
参考 这里