测试工作中,经常会涉及到一些要验证服务器对某些cgi接口查询结果返回信息进行解析是否正确的情况。而提供cgi接口的通常又是另外的部门,测试的时候需要调试一些返回结果不方便。所以需要自己模拟虚假的cgi接口来达到同样的目的。
比如说,类似http://www.yousite.com/query.cgi?username=***&kind=***这样的接口会根据username和kind的值的不同返回6类结果,每一类结果,请求服务器都会针对地走不同的处理流程,这就需要每一个返回结果都需要模拟到,于是乎,建立模拟的cgi接口势在必行。以前自己也没有接触过cgi程序,翻了一些基础资料发现总体框架也不是很复杂,而解析html发过来的参数有不少现成的程序可以使用,不用自己写了。因为只是需要简单的模拟返回结果,所以用shell写cgi程序,开始用了uncgi解析,配置很方便,具体方法可以看:
http://www.midwinter.com/~koreth/uncgi.html
后来又发现一个shell写的解析程序proccgi.sh,似乎在简单的cgi接口中使用更方便
proccgi.sh文件内容如下:
#!/bin/sh # # Process input to a CGI script. Written and Copyright 1995 Frank Pilhofer # You may freely use and distribute this code free of charge provided that # this copyright notice remains. fp@informatik.uni-frankfurt.de # # All variables in here are prefixed by _F_, so you shouldn't have # any conflicts with your own var names # # get query string. if $REQUEST_METHOD is "POST", then it must be read # from stdin, else it's in $QUERY_STRING # if [ ${DEBUG:-0} -eq 1 ] ; then echo --Program Starts-- 1>&2 fi # if [ "$REQUEST_METHOD" = "POST" ] ; then _F_QUERY_STRING=`dd count=$CONTENT_LENGTH bs=1 2> /dev/null`"&" if [ "$QUERY_STRING" != "" ] ; then _F_QUERY_STRING="$_F_QUERY_STRING""$QUERY_STRING""&" fi if [ ${DEBUG:-0} -eq 1 ] ; then echo --Posted String-- 1>&2 fi else _F_QUERY_STRING="$QUERY_STRING""&" if [ ${DEBUG:-0} -eq 1 ] ; then echo --Query String-- 1>&2 fi fi if [ ${DEBUG:-0} -eq 1 ] ; then ( echo " " $_F_QUERY_STRING echo --Adding Arguments-- ) 1>&2 fi # # if there are arguments, use them as well. # for _F_PAR in $* ; do _F_QUERY_STRING="$_F_QUERY_STRING""$_F_PAR""&" if [ ${DEBUG:-0} -eq 1 ] ; then echo " " arg $_F_PAR 1>&2 fi done if [ ${DEBUG:-0} -eq 1 ] ; then ( echo --With Added Arguments-- echo " " $_F_QUERY_STRING ) 1>&2 fi # # if $PATH_INFO is not empty and contains definitions '=', append it as well. # but replace slashes by ampersands # if echo $PATH_INFO | grep = > /dev/null ; then _F_PATH_INFO="$PATH_INFO""//" if [ ${DEBUG:-0} -eq 1 ] ; then ( echo --Adding Path Info-- echo " " $_F_PATH_INFO ) 1>&2 fi
while [ "$_F_PATH_INFO" != "" -a "$_F_PATH_INFO" != "/" ] ; do _F_QUERY_STRING="$_F_QUERY_STRING""`echo $_F_PATH_INFO | cut -d / -f 1`""&" _F_PATH_INFO=`echo $_F_PATH_INFO | cut -s -d / -f 2-` done fi # # append another '&' to fool some braindead cut implementations. Test yours: # echo 'i am braindead!' | cut -d '!' -f 2 # _F_QUERY_STRING="$_F_QUERY_STRING""&" # if [ ${DEBUG:-0} -eq 1 ] ; then ( echo --Final Query String-- echo " " $_F_QUERY_STRING ) 1>&2 fi # while [ "$_F_QUERY_STRING" != "" -a "$_F_QUERY_STRING" != "&" ] ; do _F_VARDEF=`echo $_F_QUERY_STRING | cut -d \& -f 1` # _F_QUERY_STRING=`echo $_F_QUERY_STRING | cut -d \& -f 2-` _F_VAR=`echo $_F_VARDEF | cut -d = -f 1` _F_VAL=`echo "$_F_VARDEF""=" | cut -d = -f 2`
# # Workaround for more braindead cut implementations that strip delimiters # at the end of the line (i.e. HP-UX 10) #
if echo $_F_QUERY_STRING | grep -c \& > /dev/null ; then _F_QUERY_STRING=`echo $_F_QUERY_STRING | cut -d \& -f 2-` else _F_QUERY_STRING="" fi
if [ ${DEBUG:-0} -eq 1 ] ; then ( echo --Got Variable-- echo " " var=$_F_VAR echo " " val=$_F_VAL echo " " rem=$_F_QUERY_STRING ) 1>&2 fi if [ "$_F_VAR" = "" ] ; then continue fi
# # replace '+' by spaces #
_F_VAL="$_F_VAL""++" _F_TMP=
while [ "$_F_VAL" != "" -a "$_F_VAL" != "+" -a "$_F_VAL" != "++" ] ; do _F_TMP="$_F_TMP""`echo $_F_VAL | cut -d + -f 1`" _F_VAL=`echo $_F_VAL | cut -s -d + -f 2-`
if [ "$_F_VAL" != "" -a "$_F_VAL" != "+" ] ; then _F_TMP="$_F_TMP"" " fi done
if [ ${DEBUG:-0} -eq 1 ] ; then echo " " vrs=$_F_TMP 1>&2 fi
# # replace '%XX' by ascii character. the hex sequence MUST BE uppercase #
_F_TMP="$_F_TMP""%%" _F_VAL=
while [ "$_F_TMP" != "" -a "$_F_TMP" != "%" ] ; do _F_VAL="$_F_VAL""`echo $_F_TMP | cut -d % -f 1`" _F_TMP=`echo $_F_TMP | cut -s -d % -f 2-`
if [ "$_F_TMP" != "" -a "$_F_TMP" != "%" ] ; then if [ ${DEBUG:-0} -eq 1 ] ; then echo " " got hex "%" $_F_TMP 1>&2 fi _F_HEX=`echo $_F_TMP | cut -c 1-2 | tr "abcdef" "ABCDEF"` _F_TMP=`echo $_F_TMP | cut -c 3-` # # can't handle newlines anyway. replace by space # # if [ "$_F_HEX" = "0A" ] ; then # _F_HEX="20" # fi
_F_VAL="$_F_VAL""`/bin/echo '\0'\`echo "16i8o"$_F_HEX"p" | dc\``" fi done
# # replace forward quotes to backward quotes, since we have trouble handling # the former ones. #
_F_VAL=`echo $_F_VAL | tr "'" '\`'`
# # if debug, send variables to stderr #
if [ ${DEBUG:-0} -eq 1 ] ; then ( echo --Final Assignment-- echo "FORM_$_F_VAR"=\'$_F_VAL\' ) 1>&2 fi
# /bin/echo "FORM_$_F_VAR"=\'$_F_VAL\' /bin/echo "FORM_$_F_VAR"="'"$_F_VAL"'" done # if [ ${DEBUG:-0} -eq 1 ] ; then echo done. 1>&2 fi # # done. # exit 0
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使用方法:
在自己的cgi脚本中直接调用这个shell解析参数即可,如:
eval `proccgi.sh $*` # 可以把proccgi.sh放在你服务器的cgi-bin目录
如果上面的调用出错,尝试用绝对路径调用 eval `/home/www/cgi-bin/proccgi.sh $*`
例子,比如有一个cgi接口,按照下面的参数调用:
http://your-website/cgi-bin/mycript?username=your_name&password=mypass
返回结果:
your_name
mypass
则,mycript的内容为:
#!/bin/sh
eval `/home/www/cgi-bin/proccgi.sh $*`
echo Content-type: text/plain
echo
echo $FORM_username
echo $FORM_password
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参数里面每一对key/value存储在$FORM_key 环境变量里面。
顺便贴一下cgi-bin目录的通用配置
ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /home/www/c
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