在lua中,能够通过元表来实现类、对象、继承等。与元表相关的方法有setmetatable()、__index、getmetatable()、__newindex。
详细什么是元表在这里就不细说了,网上非常多介绍,这里主要讲与cocos2dx相关联的部分。
在lua-binding库中extern.lua里,有例如以下方法:
--Create an class. function class(classname, super) local superType = type(super) local cls if superType ~= "function" and superType ~= "table" then superType = nil super = nil end if superType == "function" or (super and super.__ctype == 1) then -- inherited from native C++ Object cls = {} if superType == "table" then -- copy fields from super for k,v in pairs(super) do cls[k] = v end cls.__create = super.__create cls.super = super else cls.__create = super end cls.ctor = function() end cls.__cname = classname cls.__ctype = 1 function cls.new(...) local instance = cls.__create(...) -- copy fields from class to native object for k,v in pairs(cls) do instance[k] = v end instance.class = cls instance:ctor(...) return instance end else -- inherited from Lua Object if super then cls = clone(super) cls.super = super else cls = {ctor = function() end} end cls.__cname = classname cls.__ctype = 2 -- lua cls.__index = cls function cls.new(...) local instance = setmetatable({}, cls) instance.class = cls instance:ctor(...) return instance end end return cls end通过该方法,我们能够非常方便的定义一个class、继承一个class。
定义一个类:
MyClass = class("MyClass") function MyClass:ctor() print("MyClass:ctor()") end local myclass = MyClass:new()
继承一个类:
GameLayer = class("GameLayer", function() local layer = cc.Layer:create() return layer end) local gamelayer = GameLayer:new() addChild(gamelayer)