关键技术，数据库产生的二进制文件，在主库就是binlog在从库就是relay-log，用最新的物理备份可以新启动个新实例，可以模拟个从库，把主库的binlog复制到新的数据库实例上，利用主从复制和物理备份可以恢复到误操作前的数据
具体操作命令如下：
环境：
192.168.214.89 生产库
192.168.214.90 新数据库
1、在192.168.214.89上物理备份
innobackupex --defaults-file=/application/mysql56/etc/my.cnf --no-timestamp --user=root --password=123456 --host=192.168.214.89 --port=5621 --parallel=5 /data0/bak/full56
2、在192.168.214.89上多创建几个表，模拟业务增量
mysql> use employees;
mysql> create table employees_test as select * from employees;
Query OK, 300024 rows affected (7.18 sec)
Records: 300024 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> insert into employees_test select * from employees_test;
Query OK, 300024 rows affected (5.19 sec)
Records: 300024 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> insert into employees_test select * from employees_test;
Query OK, 600048 rows affected (7.97 sec)
Records: 600048 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
#模拟binlog日志切换
mysql> flush logs;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.80 sec)
mysql> insert into employees_test select * from employees_test;
Query OK, 1200096 rows affected (25.22 sec)
Records: 1200096 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> create table employees_test1 as select * from employees_test;
Query OK, 2400192 rows affected (59.35 sec)
Records: 2400192 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> create table employees_test2 as select * from employees;
Query OK, 300024 rows affected (9.20 sec)
Records: 300024 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> create table employees_test3 as select * from employees;
Query OK, 300024 rows affected (10.78 sec)
Records: 300024 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> create table employees_test4 as select * from employees;
Query OK, 300024 rows affected (11.17 sec)
Records: 300024 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> flush logs;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.49 sec)
mysql> create table employees_test5 as select * from employees;
Query OK, 300024 rows affected (10.67 sec)
Records: 300024 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> flush logs;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.18 sec)
mysql> create table employees_test6 as select * from employees;
Query OK, 300024 rows affected (9.42 sec)
Records: 300024 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> flush logs;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.31 sec)
mysql> create table employees_test7 as select * from employees;
Query OK, 300024 rows affected (8.83 sec)
Records: 300024 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> create table employees_test8 as select * from employees;
Query OK, 300024 rows affected (9.83 sec)
Records: 300024 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
查看数据库一共有多少个表
mysql> show tables;
+---------------------+
| Tables_in_employees |
+---------------------+
| departments |
| dept_emp |
| dept_manager |
| employees |
| employees_test |
| employees_test1 |
| employees_test2 |
| employees_test3 |
| employees_test4 |
| employees_test5 |
| employees_test6 |
| employees_test7 |
| employees_test8 |
| salaries |
| titles |
+---------------------+
15 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> drop database employees;
Query OK, 15 rows affected (4.00 sec)
为了查找方便，误操作后切换日志
mysql> flush logs;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.35 sec)
3、恢复备份文件
innobackupex --defaults-file=/application/mysql56/etc/my.cnf --parallel=5 --apply-log /data0/bak/full56
4、在192.168.214.90上新安装个MySQL实例，启动新的MySQL实例，看启动是否成功，有异常的话，看错误日志解决，关闭MySQL数据库
5、把89恢复完的备份文件scp到90新安装的MySQL实例的数据目录下，启动数据库，让90成为一个从库
# cd /data0/bak/full56
# chown mysql:mysql * -R
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.1.88'; # MASTER_HOST可以随便指定
完了关闭数据库
6、把89的binlog文件scp到90新安装的MySQL实例的数据目录下，删除相关的文件，启动数据库
# scp mysql-bin.* 192.168.214.90:/data0/mysql/mysql56/var
# rm -rf mysql-bin.index
# rename mysql-bin relay-log mysql-bin.*
# ls ./relay-log.0* > relay-log.index
7、在主库上解析误操作前的binlog信息
# /application/mysql56/bin/mysqlbinlog mysql-bin.000042 > /tmp/42.sql
vi /tmp/42.sql
。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。
# at 16494555
#181026 9:28:38 server id 19289 end_log_pos 16494586 CRC32 0xedfa848b Xid = 11451753
COMMIT/*!*/;
# at 16494586
#181026 9:29:55 server id 19289 end_log_pos 16494693 CRC32 0x8c072efe Query thread_id=3816657 exec_time=4 error
_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1540517395/*!*/;
drop database employees
/*!*/;
。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。
7、查看备份时候的binlog信息
# catxtrabackup_binlog_info
mysql-bin.000039 32987250
8、在90上做恢复
mysql> change master to relay_log_file='relay-log.000039',relay_log_pos=32987250;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)
mysql> START SLAVE until RELAY_LOG_FILE = 'relay-log.000042', RELAY_LOG_POS = 16494555;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
查看验证表是否恢复正确
mysql> use employees;
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+---------------------+
| Tables_in_employees |
+---------------------+
| departments |
| dept_emp |
| dept_manager |
| employees |
| employees_test |
| employees_test1 |
| employees_test2 |
| employees_test3 |
| employees_test4 |
| employees_test5 |
| employees_test6 |
| employees_test7 |
| employees_test8 |
| salaries |
| titles |
+---------------------+
15 rows in set (0.00 sec)
再把employees数据库备份出来导入到192.168.214.89上