• java 流操作



    路径操作方法:

    new File()

    exits():boolean              路径是否存在

    mkdirs()                       创建目录

    createNewFile()             创建文件

    isFile()                          是否是文件

    isDirectory()                 是否是文件夹

    list()                            获取当前路径下的所有子路径名

    流的操作方法:

    FileInputStream

    -read(byte[])          --输入流直接写入内存地址

    -read()                   --循环读取字节,每次读取一个

    ---

    -write(byte[])         --输出流直接输出到指定外部,赋值变量

    -write()                  --循环写字节,每次写一个


              (解码,不处理缓存)
    Reader---InputStreamReader---FileReader
    ---BufferedReader
    (处理缓冲,是将字节都进来,放进数组里,一次性返回)

    (编码,不处理缓冲)
    Writer---OutPutStreamWriter---FileWriter
    ---BufferedWriter
    (1) 有缓冲
    (2) Writer是没有真正的写出去,只是往数组里,添加元素
    (3) Flush被调用的时候,才真正写出去

    -----------------------------------------
    桥梁作用:
       InputStreamReader:可以用来指定字符集
       

    -----------------------------------------

            
    [由FilterInputSteam的read()]
    InputStream---FileInputStream ---DataInputStream
    通过本地调用(来获取字节)
    OutputStream---FileOutPutStream---DataOutputStream
    通过本地调用(没有重写flush)
    ArrayOutputStream   ---   ObjectOutputStream
    ArrayInputStream   ---    ObjectInputStream

    简单采用集合解决读取问题:

    //FileInputStream --直接读取字节

    File file = new File("C:\D-drive-30078\斌斌的故事\斌斌的前三十年\第三年"
    ,"《领导力培养》.txt");
    Long length = file.length();//读文件的大小(字节)
    System.out.println("文件大小:"+length);
    //FileInputStream————直接由数据流传递
    InputStream input = new FileInputStream(file);
    int len2 = input.available();//获取可读数据的大小(字节)
    System.out.println("流中文件大小:"+len2);//也是用内部数组存储
    //数组的创建
    byte[] bs = new byte[len2];
    input.read(bs);//输入流将直接写内存地址
    String str = new String(bs);
    System.out.println(str);
    input.close();

    //或者每次只读取一个字节

    byte temp = -1;
    //2.如何把数据写入数据
    int index = 0;
    while ((temp=(byte)input.read())!=-1){
    bs[index] = temp;
    index++;
    }

    //输出流
    File file = new File("C:\D-drive-30078\斌斌的故事\斌斌的前三十年\第三年"
    ,"《领导力培养》.txt");
    //输出流:覆盖原文件里的内容,不是追加
    String str = "第一章 hello,IOStream!";
    OutputStream output = new FileOutputStream(file);
    output.write(str.getBytes());
    output.flush();//把缓冲器的数据推送到输出流里{当缓冲区数据量很大才需要调用}
    output.close();

    //每次输出一个字节

    str = "第二章
    hello world";
    byte[] bytes = str.getBytes();
    for (byte b:bytes){
    output.write(b);
    }
    output.close();

    FileInputStream fInputStream = new FileInputStream(new File("test.txt"));
                 int temp = -1;
                 LinkedList<Character> list = new LinkedList<Character>();
                 while ((temp = fInputStream.read())!=-1) {
                     char c = (char)temp;
                     list.add(c);
                 }
                 Character[] chars = list.toArray(new Character[0]);
                 System.out.println(Arrays.toString(chars));
                 char[] chars2 = new char[chars.length];
                 //包装数组无法直接拆箱
                 //String.valueOf 将数组作为引用对象来处理
                 int index = 0;
                 for (Character character : chars) {
                     chars2[index++] = character;
                 }
                 String string = String.valueOf(chars2);
                 System.out.println(string);

    //不如StringBuffer更方便

    StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();

    sb.append(c);



    //输入流

    Reader reader = new InputStreamReader(
    new FileInputStream(
    new File("src/test/java/杨老师/IO_Stream"
    ,"READ.txt")));
    int c = -1;
    while ((c = reader.read()) != -1) {
    sb.append((char) c);
    }
    System.out.println(sb.toString());
    reader.close();
    //输出流
    Writer write = new OutputStreamWriter(
    new FileOutputStream(
    new File("src/test/java/杨老师/IO_Stream"
    ,"READ.txt")
    )
    );
    write.write("hello world! OutputStreamWriter");
    write.flush();
    write.close();


    FileReader && FileWrite

    Reader reader = new FileReader(
    new File("src/test/java/杨老师/IO_Stream"
    ,"READ.txt"));
    LinkedList<Character> linkedList = new LinkedList<>();//使用泛型,强制统一数据类型
    int c = (char)-1;
    while((c= reader.read())!=-1){
    linkedList.add((char)c);
    }
    reader.close();

    //FileWriter
    Writer write = new FileWriter(
    new File("src/test/java/杨老师/IO_Stream"
    ,"READ.txt")

    );
    write.write("hello world!"+" "+"FileWriter");
    write.flush();
    write.close();

    写入流的flush()作用汇总:建议无论是否起作用都加上!!(代填的坑)


    FileOutputStream.flush();  //把缓冲器的数据推送到输出流里{当缓冲区数据量很大才需要调用}
    FileWriter 本质上最终调用的是FileOutputStream.flush()


    BufferedWrite.flush();  //必须写完之后,马上调用,将其写入数组中

    +?涉及到字符流的写入,最好都加上: flush()方法。

    -InputStreamReader & OutputStreamWriter 不需要,只是编解码过程。



    常用:写入流,切记flush();

    //BufferedReader 构造应用

    //方法 1

    BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(
    new InputStreamReader(
    new FileInputStream(
    new File("src/test/java/杨老师/IO_Stream"
    ,"READ.txt"))));

    // 方法2

    BufferedReader br1 = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(
    new File(
    "src/test/java/杨老师/IO_Stream"
    ,"READ.txt"
    )
    ));
    //字符流,判断是否为null
    StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
    String s="";
    while((s = br.readLine())!=null){
    sb.append(s);
    sb.append(" ");
    }
    System.out.println(sb.toString());
    br.close();

    //将数组内容写入flush()

    String string = "hello world
    ,grow up";
    try {
    bw.write(string);
    bw.flush();
    } catch (IOException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
    }finally {
    try {
    bw.close();
    } catch (IOException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
    }
    }


    DataInputStreamDataOutputStream

    //实现将对象持久化
    File f = new File("src/test/java/杨老师/IO_Stream","Test.xz");
    if(!f.exists()){
    f.createNewFile();
    }
    //不是序列化
    DataOutputStream out = new DataOutputStream(
    new FileOutputStream(f)
    );
    out.writeInt(123);
    out.writeUTF("ybb");
    out.writeInt(3);
    out.writeShort(34);
    out.writeDouble(34.200);
    out.flush();
    out.close();

    DataInputStream in = new DataInputStream(
    new FileInputStream(f));
    System.out.println(in.readInt());
    System.out.println(in.readUTF());
    System.out.println(in.readInt());
    System.out.println(in.readShort());
    System.out.println(in.readDouble());
    in.close();



    StringReader&StringWriter

    //StringReader更方便操作数组中的” ”

    //自己手写,采用StringBuffer也可以实现!!

    String src = "从明天起,做一个幸福的人, 喂马,劈材,周游世界, 从明天起,关心粮食和蔬菜, "
                     + "我有一所房子,面朝大海,春暖花开, 从明天起,和每一个人通信,告诉他们我的幸福 ";
             StringReader sReader = new StringReader(src);
             char[] buffer = new char[32];
             int hasRead = 0;
             try {
                 while ((hasRead=sReader.read(buffer))>0) {
                     System.out.println(new String(buffer,0,hasRead));
                 }
                
             } catch (IOException e) {
                 // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                 e.printStackTrace();
             }
            
             StringWriter sWriter = new StringWriter();
             sWriter.write("hello ");
             sWriter.write("world");
             System.out.println(sWriter.toString());
            
             /*
             底层估计差不多
             */
             //不如用StringBuffer
             StringBuffer sBuffer = new StringBuffer(src);
             System.out.println(sBuffer);
             //问题是处理换行怎么解决?
             //System.out.println(sBuffer.indexOf(" "));
             int start = 0;
             int end = 0;
             while ((end=sBuffer.indexOf(" ",start))>0) {
                 System.out.println(end+"~"+start);
                 System.out.println(sBuffer.substring(start, end));
                 start = end+1;
             }
         }



    应用场景

    字节流跟字符流使用
    架构+中间件
    完成业务——SpringMVC、SSH、MyBatis
    字节流处理二进制:视频、图片
    demo--理解;场景——应用


    获取路径:

    getCanonicalPath()返回的就是标准的将符号完全解析的路径

    getPath()返回的是File构造方法里的路径,是什么就是什么,不增不减

    getAbsolutePath()返回的其实是user.dir+getPath()的内容;——后果:对于相对路径,会有问题。将 .  ,  .. 这两种包含进去。




    深复制:

    ByteArrayOutputStream

    ObjectOutputStream

    --------------------------------

    ByteArrayInputStream

    ObjectInputStream

    反射这块

    //还是

    a = (T[])java.lang.reflect.Array.newInstance(
    a.getClass().getComponentType(), size);


    Image

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/macro-renzhansheng/p/12509974.html
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