安装Spark之前需要先安装Hadoop，请参考 《安装hadoop 2.6》
1、安装JDK, SCALA，并设置hosts
10.1.234.209 master
10.1.234.210 slave1
2、下载并解压 spark-1.6.1-bin-hadoop2.6
设置 SPARK_HOME=/home/c3/apps/spark-1.6.1-bin-hadoop2.6
cp spark-env.sh.template spark-env.sh
vi spark-env.sh
export JAVA_HOME=/home/c3/apps/jdk1.8
export SCALA_HOME=/home/c3/apps/scala-2.11.8
export SPARK_MASTER_IP=rti9
export SPARK_WORKER_CORES=2
export SPARK_WORKER_MEMORY=1g
export HADOOP_HOME/home/yinjq/apps/hadoop-2.6.5
export HADOOP_CONF_DIR=/home/c3/apps/hadoop-2.6.0/etc/hadoop
cp slaves.template slaves
vi slaves
slave1
到这里spark就配置好了，spark的运行模式有 Spark cluster 和 spark on yarn
spark cluster，就是启动spark 的master 和 worker节点，spark自己来分配资源
spark on yarn，是将spark的应用提交到yarn上，yarn来负责分配资源，这种情况，不需要启动 master和worker节点，只需要 hadoop环境，这个特性是从spark 0.6开始就支持了，详见
3、提交任务到 Spark cluster
sbin/start-all.sh
jps查看进程，在master上启动了Master进程，在slave1上启动了Worker进程
Spark UI: http://master:8081
这种情况，是这样提交任务的
spark-submit --master spark://127.0.0.1:7077 --name hello-spark --class com.App --jars /xxxxx.jar, /xxxxx.jar
4、提交任务到 Yarn
先启动hadoop和yarn，然后这样提交任务
spark-submit --master yarn --name hello-spark --class com.App --jars /xxxxx.jar, /xxxxx.jar
另外，--master 还可以是 mesos、local，其中local就是本地跑任务
5、spark-sql访问hive
1) 启动 hive 的metastor服务: $HIVE_HOME/bin/hive --service metastore
2) 将 mysql-connector-java-5.0.8-bin.jar 放到 $SPARK_HOME/jars/目录下
3) 将 hive-site.xml 放到$SPARK_HOME/conf目录下
或者用ln将 hdfs-site.xml, core-site.xml, yarn-site.xml, hive-site.xml 映射到 $SPARK_HOME/conf 下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?> <?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?> <configuration> <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name> <value>jdbc:mysql://192.168.194.72:3306/hive4yinjq?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8</value> <description></description> </property> <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name> <value>admin</value> <description>Username to use against metastore database</description> </property> <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name> <value>123456</value> <description>password to use against metastore database</description> </property> <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name> <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value> <description>Driver class name for a JDBC metastore</description> </property> <property> <name>hive.metastore.uris</name> <value>thrift://127.0.0.1:9083</value> <description>Thrift URI for the remote metastore. Used by metastore client to connect to remote metastore. </description> </property> </configuration>
另外，spark-sql 有三种使用方式
Spark Shell：用spark.sql("select * from test")的方式
CLI: 启动 bin/spark-sql
Thrift Server：
启动Thrift JDBC Server：默认端口是10000
cd $SPARK_HOME/sbin
start-thriftserver.sh
如何修改Thrift JDBC Server的默认监听端口号？借助于 --hiveconf
start-thriftserver.sh --hiveconf hive.server2.thrift.port=14000
HiveServer2 Clients 详情参见：https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/HiveServer2+Clients
将Thrift Server运行在yarn上
./spark-daemon.sh submit org.apache.spark.sql.hive.thriftserver.HiveThriftServer2 default --name "Spark-Thrift-Server-local2" --master yarn
--hiveconf hive.server2.thrift.port=11111
--hiveconf hive.server2.thrift.bind.host=0.0.0.0
--executor-memory 1G
--executor-cores 1
注意
default 是queue的名称
还可以有以下参数：
--conf spark.driver.memory=10G
--conf spark.scheduler.mode=FAIR
--conf spark.sql.small.file.combine=true
--conf hive.input.format=org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.CombineTextInputFormat
--hiveconf hive.metastore.client.socket.lifetime=1s
--hiveconf hive.metastore.failure.retries=3
--hiveconf hive.server2.thrift.port=11111
--hiveconf hive.server2.thrift.bind.host=0.0.0.0
--hiveconf hive.exec.dynamic.partition.mode=nonstrict
--master yarn
--executor-memory 4G
--num-executors 25
--executor-cores 2
--driver-cores 2
启动beeline
cd $SPARK_HOME/bin
beeline -u jdbc:hive2://hadoop000:10000/default -n hadoop
或者
beeline> !connect jdbc:hive2://localhost:10000/default
遇到的问题
问题1
Caused by: MetaException(message:Version information not found in metastore. ) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.ObjectStore.checkSchema(ObjectStore.java:6664) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.ObjectStore.verifySchema(ObjectStore.java:6645) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RawStoreProxy.invoke(RawStoreProxy.java:114) at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy6.verifySchema(Unknown Source) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore$HMSHandler.getMS(HiveMetaStore.java:572) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore$HMSHandler.createDefaultDB(HiveMetaStore.java:620) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore$HMSHandler.init(HiveMetaStore.java:461) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RetryingHMSHandler.<init>(RetryingHMSHandler.java:66) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RetryingHMSHandler.getProxy(RetryingHMSHandler.java:72) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore.newRetryingHMSHandler(HiveMetaStore.java:5762) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStoreClient.<init>(HiveMetaStoreClient.java:199) at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.SessionHiveMetaStoreClient.<init>(SessionHiveMetaStoreClient.java:74)
解决方法
这是因为在创建SQLContext实例的时候，要求spark编译的Hive版本和HiveMetaStore里面记录的Hive版本一致，我们可以通过$HIVE_CONF/confi/hive-site.xml 配置hive.metastore.schema.verification参数来取消这种验证，这个参数的默认值是true，我们可以取消验证，设置为false
<property> <name>hive.metastore.schema.verification</name> <value>false</value> <description> Enforce metastore schema version consistency. True: Verify that version information stored in is compatible with one from Hive jars. Also disable automatic schema migration attempt. Users are required to manually migrate schema after Hive upgrade which ensures proper metastore schema migration. (Default) False: Warn if the version information stored in metastore doesn't match with one from in Hive jars. </description> </property>
问题2：
Caused by: org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.connectionpool.DatastoreDriverNotFoundException: The specified datastore driver ("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver") was not found in the CLASSPATH. Please check your CLASSPATH
解决方法：
cp mysql-connector-java-5.0.8-bin.jar ../../spark-2.1.1-bin-hadoop2.6/jars/
问题3：
Error:scalac: error while loading package, Missing dependency 'bad symbolic reference to org.apache.spark.annotation encountered in class file 'package.class'.
Cannot access term annotation in package org.apache.spark. The current classpath may be
missing a definition for org.apache.spark.annotation, or package.class may have been compiled against a version that's
incompatible with the one found on the current classpath.', required by /home/yinjq/.m2/repository/org/apache/spark/spark-sql_2.11/2.1.1/spark-sql_2.11-2.1.1.jar(org/apache/spark/sql/package.class)
解决方法：
去掉 <scope>provided</scope>
<dependency> <groupId>org.apache.spark</groupId> <artifactId>spark-sql_2.11</artifactId> <version>2.1.1</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.spark</groupId> <artifactId>spark-core_2.11</artifactId> <version>2.1.1</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency>
问题4：把spark应用运行到yarn上时，报错
17/08/03 17:49:14 ERROR util.Utils: Uncaught exception in thread Yarn application state monitor
org.apache.spark.SparkException: Exception thrown in awaitResult
at org.apache.spark.rpc.RpcTimeout$$anonfun$1.applyOrElse(RpcTimeout.scala:77)
at org.apache.spark.rpc.RpcTimeout$$anonfun$1.applyOrElse(RpcTimeout.scala:75)
at scala.runtime.AbstractPartialFunction.apply(AbstractPartialFunction.scala:36)
at org.apache.spark.rpc.RpcTimeout$$anonfun$addMessageIfTimeout$1.applyOrElse(RpcTimeout.scala:59)
at org.apache.spark.rpc.RpcTimeout$$anonfun$addMessageIfTimeout$1.applyOrElse(RpcTimeout.scala:59)
at scala.PartialFunction$OrElse.apply(PartialFunction.scala:167)
at org.apache.spark.rpc.RpcTimeout.awaitResult(RpcTimeout.scala:83)
at org.apache.spark.scheduler.cluster.CoarseGrainedSchedulerBackend.requestTotalExecutors(CoarseGrainedSchedulerBackend.scala:512)
at org.apache.spark.scheduler.cluster.YarnSchedulerBackend.stop(YarnSchedulerBackend.scala:93)
at org.apache.spark.scheduler.cluster.YarnClientSchedulerBackend.stop(YarnClientSchedulerBackend.scala:151)
at org.apache.spark.scheduler.TaskSchedulerImpl.stop(TaskSchedulerImpl.scala:467)
at org.apache.spark.scheduler.DAGScheduler.stop(DAGScheduler.scala:1588)
at org.apache.spark.SparkContext$$anonfun$stop$8.apply$mcV$sp(SparkContext.scala:1833)
at org.apache.spark.util.Utils$.tryLogNonFatalError(Utils.scala:1283)
at org.apache.spark.SparkContext.stop(SparkContext.scala:1832)
at org.apache.spark.scheduler.cluster.YarnClientSchedulerBackend$MonitorThread.run(YarnClientSchedulerBackend.scala:108)
Caused by: java.io.IOException: Failed to send RPC 8393667808095342301 to /10.12.130.6:49562: java.nio.channels.ClosedChannelException
at org.apache.spark.network.client.TransportClient$3.operationComplete(TransportClient.java:249)
at org.apache.spark.network.client.TransportClient$3.operationComplete(TransportClient.java:233)
at io.netty.util.concurrent.DefaultPromise.notifyListener0(DefaultPromise.java:514)
at io.netty.util.concurrent.DefaultPromise.notifyListenersNow(DefaultPromise.java:488)
at io.netty.util.concurrent.DefaultPromise.notifyListeners(DefaultPromise.java:427)
at io.netty.util.concurrent.DefaultPromise.tryFailure(DefaultPromise.java:129)
at io.netty.channel.AbstractChannel$AbstractUnsafe.safeSetFailure(AbstractChannel.java:852)
at io.netty.channel.AbstractChannel$AbstractUnsafe.write(AbstractChannel.java:738)
at io.netty.channel.DefaultChannelPipeline$HeadContext.write(DefaultChannelPipeline.java:1251)
at io.netty.channel.AbstractChannelHandlerContext.invokeWrite0(AbstractChannelHandlerContext.java:743)
at io.netty.channel.AbstractChannelHandlerContext.invokeWrite(AbstractChannelHandlerContext.java:735)
at io.netty.channel.AbstractChannelHandlerContext.access$1900(AbstractChannelHandlerContext.java:36)
at io.netty.channel.AbstractChannelHandlerContext$AbstractWriteTask.write(AbstractChannelHandlerContext.java:1072)
at io.netty.channel.AbstractChannelHandlerContext$WriteAndFlushTask.write(AbstractChannelHandlerContext.java:1126)
at io.netty.channel.AbstractChannelHandlerContext$AbstractWriteTask.run(AbstractChannelHandlerContext.java:1061)
at io.netty.util.concurrent.SingleThreadEventExecutor.runAllTasks(SingleThreadEventExecutor.java:408)
at io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoop.run(NioEventLoop.java:455)
at io.netty.util.concurrent.SingleThreadEventExecutor$2.run(SingleThreadEventExecutor.java:140)
at io.netty.util.concurrent.DefaultThreadFactory$DefaultRunnableDecorator.run(DefaultThreadFactory.java:144)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
Caused by: java.nio.channels.ClosedChannelException
at io.netty.channel.AbstractChannel$AbstractUnsafe.write(...)(Unknown Source)
解决方法：
Yarn上的提示是：Failing this attempt.Diagnostics: Container [pid=7574,containerID=container_1554900460598_0010_02_000001] is running beyond virtual memory limits. Current usage: 296.3 MB of 1 GB physical memory used; 2.2 GB of 2.1 GB virtual memory used. Killing container.
按照上述配置提供的信息，目测是我给节点分配的内存太小，yarn直接kill掉了进程，导致ClosedChannelException
修改yarn-site.xml，添加下列property.
<property> <name>yarn.nodemanager.pmem-check-enabled</name> <value>false</value> </property> <property> <name>yarn.nodemanager.vmem-check-enabled</name> <value>false</value> </property>
问题5：认证的问题
User: yinjq is not allowed to impersonate hadoop), serverProtocolVersion:null)
解决方法：
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/36909002/authorizationexception-user-not-allowed-to-impersonate-user
问题6：
17/08/01 15:19:52 WARN scheduler.TaskSchedulerImpl: Initial job has not accepted any resources; check your cluster UI to ensure that workers are registered and have sufficient resources
解决方法：
free -g 查看没有内存了，释放内存
echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches
问题7：
Hive Schema version 2.3.0 does not match metastore's schema version 1.2.0 Metastore is not upgraded or corrupt)
解决方法：
hive-site.xml
<property>
<name>hive.metastore.schema.verification</name>
<value>false</value>
</property>
问题8：
java.sql.SQLException: Column name pattern can not be NULL or empty
解决方法：
将 $HIVE_HOME/lib 下 的 mysql-connector-java-6.0.3.jar 替换成 mysql-connector-java-5.1.39.jar。 原因分析：mysql-connector-java 6.x 版本 和 5.1.x 版本不兼容 , nullNamePatternMatchesAll 连接属性的默认值在 mysql-connector-java 5.1 和 6.0 之间发生了改变. 在 5.1 版本中默认值是 true, 而 6.0 版本中默认值是 false。
如何运行scala程序
scala -cp spark.jar com.App
查看class的JDK版本
javap -verbose Configuration.class|grep major
查看得到的信息中，major version属性的内容，如下：
major version: 52，说明这个.class文件是由JDK1.8编译得到的。
J2SE 6.0 = 50 (0x32 hex)
J2SE 5.0 = 49 (0x31 hex)
JDK 1.4 = 48 (0x30 hex)
JDK 1.3 = 47 (0x2F hex)
JDK 1.2 = 46 (0x2E hex)
JDK 1.1 = 45 (0x2D hex)