服务器执行命令过程：
一、相关结构体：
| 名称 | 功能 |
|---|---|
| redisServer | 服务器结构体 |
| redisClient | 客户端结构体 |
| redisCommand | Redis命令，全局有一个命令字典，会在服务器启动初始化调用initServerConfig()->populateCommandTable()时生成 |
redisServer以及在第一篇文章[1]中讲过，这里只介绍后两个结构：
/* With multiplexing we need to take per-client state.
* Clients are taken in a liked list. */
typedef struct redisClient {
int fd;
redisDb *db;
int dictid;
robj *name; /* As set by CLIENT SETNAME */
sds querybuf;
int argc;
robj **argv;
struct redisCommand *cmd, *lastcmd;
int reqtype;
int multibulklen; /* number of multi bulk arguments left to read */
long bulklen; /* length of bulk argument in multi bulk request */
list *reply;
unsigned long reply_bytes; /* Tot bytes of objects in reply list */
int sentlen; /* Amount of bytes already sent in the current
/* Response buffer */
int bufpos;
char buf[REDIS_REPLY_CHUNK_BYTES];
} redisClient;
- L8：输入缓冲区，存放读取的命令请求；
- L21：输出缓冲区，存放结果响应；
struct redisCommand {
char *name;
redisCommandProc *proc;
// ...
};
-
L3：命令处理例程；
-
redisCommand就被存放在一个列表中：
struct redisCommand redisCommandTable[] = { {"get",getCommand,2,"r",0,NULL,1,1,1,0,0}, {"set",setCommand,-3,"wm",0,noPreloadGetKeys,1,1,1,0,0}, {"setnx",setnxCommand,3,"wm",0,noPreloadGetKeys,1,1,1,0,0}, // ... }
二、读取客户端命令请求：
Redis的网络事件处理是基于Reactor模型的，因此客户端的命令请求会导致对应连接的fd上的监听事件触发，事件循环中会回调处理函数读取客户端请求：
redisClient *createClient(int fd) {
redisClient *c = zmalloc(sizeof(redisClient));
/* passing -1 as fd it is possible to create a non connected client.
* This is useful since all the Redis commands needs to be executed
* in the context of a client. When commands are executed in other
* contexts (for instance a Lua script) we need a non connected client. */
if (fd != -1) {
anetNonBlock(NULL,fd);
anetEnableTcpNoDelay(NULL,fd);
if (server.tcpkeepalive)
anetKeepAlive(NULL,fd,server.tcpkeepalive);
/* 监听客户端的可读事件，设置回调 */
if (aeCreateFileEvent(server.el,fd,AE_READABLE,
readQueryFromClient, c) == AE_ERR)
{
close(fd);
zfree(c);
return NULL;
}
}
// ...
}
- L14：监听客户端的可读事件，并设置回调函数readQueryFromClient；
void readQueryFromClient(aeEventLoop *el, int fd, void *privdata, int mask) {
redisClient *c = (redisClient*) privdata;
int nread, readlen;
size_t qblen;
REDIS_NOTUSED(el);
REDIS_NOTUSED(mask);
server.current_client = c;
readlen = REDIS_IOBUF_LEN;
/* If this is a multi bulk request, and we are processing a bulk reply
* that is large enough, try to maximize the probability that the query
* buffer contains exactly the SDS string representing the object, even
* at the risk of requiring more read(2) calls. This way the function
* processMultiBulkBuffer() can avoid copying buffers to create the
* Redis Object representing the argument. */
if (c->reqtype == REDIS_REQ_MULTIBULK && c->multibulklen && c->bulklen != -1
&& c->bulklen >= REDIS_MBULK_BIG_ARG)
{
int remaining = (unsigned)(c->bulklen+2)-sdslen(c->querybuf);
if (remaining < readlen) readlen = remaining;
}
qblen = sdslen(c->querybuf);
if (c->querybuf_peak < qblen) c->querybuf_peak = qblen;
c->querybuf = sdsMakeRoomFor(c->querybuf, readlen);
/* 将命令读入客户端querybuf（输入缓冲区）中 */
nread = read(fd, c->querybuf+qblen, readlen);
if (nread == -1) {
if (errno == EAGAIN) {
nread = 0;
} else {
redisLog(REDIS_VERBOSE, "Reading from client: %s",strerror(errno));
freeClient(c);
return;
}
} else if (nread == 0) {
redisLog(REDIS_VERBOSE, "Client closed connection");
freeClient(c);
return;
}
if (nread) {
/* 更新sds的len和free属性 */
sdsIncrLen(c->querybuf,nread);
c->lastinteraction = server.unixtime;
/* 如果客户端是master，即本端是slave；
* 本端收到的命令请求是master发过来用于部分重同步的，
* 所以需要更新reploff（replication offset） */
if (c->flags & REDIS_MASTER) c->reploff += nread;
} else {
server.current_client = NULL;
return;
}
/* 写入数据过大时关闭客户端 */
if (sdslen(c->querybuf) > server.client_max_querybuf_len) {
sds ci = getClientInfoString(c), bytes = sdsempty();
bytes = sdscatrepr(bytes,c->querybuf,64);
redisLog(REDIS_WARNING,"Closing client that reached max query buffer length: %s (qbuf initial bytes: %s)", ci, bytes);
sdsfree(ci);
sdsfree(bytes);
freeClient(c);
return;
}
/* 从输入缓存中读取内容，执行命令 */
processInputBuffer(c);
server.current_client = NULL;
}
-
L49： 主从复制[1]时，master是slave的服务器，也是slave的客户端；从服务器维护主服务器client对应的复制偏移量；
-
L66： 第三、四节分析命令分析和执行过程；
三、命令分析：
void processInputBuffer(redisClient *c) {
/* Keep processing while there is something in the input buffer */
while(sdslen(c->querybuf)) {
/* Immediately abort if the client is in the middle of something. */
if (c->flags & REDIS_BLOCKED) return;
/* REDIS_CLOSE_AFTER_REPLY closes the connection once the reply is
* written to the client. Make sure to not let the reply grow after
* this flag has been set (i.e. don't process more commands). */
if (c->flags & REDIS_CLOSE_AFTER_REPLY) return;
/* Determine request type when unknown. */
if (!c->reqtype) {
if (c->querybuf[0] == '*') {
c->reqtype = REDIS_REQ_MULTIBULK;
} else {
c->reqtype = REDIS_REQ_INLINE;
}
}
if (c->reqtype == REDIS_REQ_INLINE) {
if (processInlineBuffer(c) != REDIS_OK) break;
} else if (c->reqtype == REDIS_REQ_MULTIBULK) {
if (processMultibulkBuffer(c) != REDIS_OK) break;
} else {
redisPanic("Unknown request type");
}
/* Multibulk processing could see a <= 0 length. */
if (c->argc == 0) {
resetClient(c);
} else {
/* Only reset the client when the command was executed. */
if (processCommand(c) == REDIS_OK)
resetClient(c);
}
}
}
- L13：如今Redis基本上都用 L15的协议的格式[2]；
- L21~L27：根据协议格式，分析缓冲区中命令；
- L34：执行命令，第四节介绍；
int processMultibulkBuffer(redisClient *c) {
char *newline = NULL;
int pos = 0, ok;
long long ll;
/* 假设命令为:
* *3\r\n$3\r\nSET\r\n...
* |
* |
* querybuf
* */
if (c->multibulklen == 0) {
/* The client should have been reset */
redisAssertWithInfo(c,NULL,c->argc == 0);
/* Multi bulk length cannot be read without a \r\n */
newline = strchr(c->querybuf,'\r');
if (newline == NULL) {
if (sdslen(c->querybuf) > REDIS_INLINE_MAX_SIZE) {
addReplyError(c,"Protocol error: too big mbulk count string");
setProtocolError(c,0);
}
return REDIS_ERR;
}
/* Buffer should also contain \n */
if (newline-(c->querybuf) > ((signed)sdslen(c->querybuf)-2))
return REDIS_ERR;
/* We know for sure there is a whole line since newline != NULL,
* so go ahead and find out the multi bulk length. */
redisAssertWithInfo(c,NULL,c->querybuf[0] == '*');
/* 1.获取参数个数
* 假设命令为:
* *3\r\n$3\r\nSET\r\n...
* | |
* | |
* qb newline
*
* ll即为3 */
ok = string2ll(c->querybuf+1,newline-(c->querybuf+1),&ll);
if (!ok || ll > 1024*1024) {
addReplyError(c,"Protocol error: invalid multibulk length");
setProtocolError(c,pos);
return REDIS_ERR;
}
pos = (newline-c->querybuf)+2;
if (ll <= 0) {
sdsrange(c->querybuf,pos,-1);
return REDIS_OK;
}
/* 参数个数 */
c->multibulklen = ll;
/* Setup argv array on client structure */
if (c->argv) zfree(c->argv);
c->argv = zmalloc(sizeof(robj*)*c->multibulklen);
}
redisAssertWithInfo(c,NULL,c->multibulklen > 0);
while(c->multibulklen) {
/* Read bulk length if unknown */
if (c->bulklen == -1) {
newline = strchr(c->querybuf+pos,'\r');
if (newline == NULL) {
if (sdslen(c->querybuf) > REDIS_INLINE_MAX_SIZE) {
addReplyError(c,"Protocol error: too big bulk count string");
setProtocolError(c,0);
}
break;
}
/* Buffer should also contain \n */
if (newline-(c->querybuf) > ((signed)sdslen(c->querybuf)-2))
break;
if (c->querybuf[pos] != '$') {
addReplyErrorFormat(c,
"Protocol error: expected '$', got '%c'",
c->querybuf[pos]);
setProtocolError(c,pos);
return REDIS_ERR;
}
/* 2.获取参数长度
* 假设命令为:
* *3\r\n$3\r\nSET\r\n...
* | | |
* | | |
* qb pos newline
*
* ll即为$之后的3 */
ok = string2ll(c->querybuf+pos+1,newline-(c->querybuf+pos+1),&ll);
if (!ok || ll < 0 || ll > 512*1024*1024) {
addReplyError(c,"Protocol error: invalid bulk length");
setProtocolError(c,pos);
return REDIS_ERR;
}
/* 移动到参数开头
* 3.获取参数
* 假设命令为:
* *3\r\n$3\r\nSET\r\n...
* | |
* | |
* qb pos
* */
pos += newline-(c->querybuf+pos)+2;
if (ll >= REDIS_MBULK_BIG_ARG) {
size_t qblen;
/* If we are going to read a large object from network
* try to make it likely that it will start at c->querybuf
* boundary so that we can optimize object creation
* avoiding a large copy of data. */
sdsrange(c->querybuf,pos,-1);
pos = 0;
qblen = sdslen(c->querybuf);
/* Hint the sds library about the amount of bytes this string is
* going to contain. */
if (qblen < ll+2)
c->querybuf = sdsMakeRoomFor(c->querybuf,ll+2-qblen);
}
/* 参数长度 */
c->bulklen = ll;
}
/* Read bulk argument */
if (sdslen(c->querybuf)-pos < (unsigned)(c->bulklen+2)) {
/* Not enough data (+2 == trailing \r\n) */
break;
} else {
/* Optimization: if the buffer contains JUST our bulk element
* instead of creating a new object by *copying* the sds we
* just use the current sds string. */
if (pos == 0 &&
c->bulklen >= REDIS_MBULK_BIG_ARG &&
(signed) sdslen(c->querybuf) == c->bulklen+2)
{
c->argv[c->argc++] = createObject(REDIS_STRING,c->querybuf);
sdsIncrLen(c->querybuf,-2); /* remove CRLF */
c->querybuf = sdsempty();
/* Assume that if we saw a fat argument we'll see another one
* likely... */
c->querybuf = sdsMakeRoomFor(c->querybuf,c->bulklen+2);
pos = 0;
} else {
/* 不进行优化，得到参数，pos向后移动 */
c->argv[c->argc++] =
createStringObject(c->querybuf+pos,c->bulklen);
pos += c->bulklen+2;
}
c->bulklen = -1;
c->multibulklen--;
}
}
/* Trim to pos */
/* 将pos前（缓冲区已被读取的部分）删除 */
if (pos) sdsrange(c->querybuf,pos,-1);
/* We're done when c->multibulk == 0 */
if (c->multibulklen == 0) return REDIS_OK;
/* Still not read to process the command */
return REDIS_ERR;
}
- L136~L156：缓冲区中只有一个参数时进行优化，避免对querybuf的拷贝；
四、命令执行：
processCommand() 在进行一些校验以后，会执行call()函数。官方注释将call函数称作 the **core** of Redis execution of a command。
/* Call() is the core of Redis execution of a command */
void call(redisClient *c, int flags) {
long long dirty, start = ustime(), duration;
int client_old_flags = c->flags;
/* Sent the command to clients in MONITOR mode, only if the commands are
* not generated from reading an AOF. */
if (listLength(server.monitors) &&
!server.loading &&
!(c->cmd->flags & REDIS_CMD_SKIP_MONITOR))
{
replicationFeedMonitors(c,server.monitors,c->db->id,c->argv,c->argc);
}
/* Call the command. */
/*to_do why??； */
c->flags &= ~(REDIS_FORCE_AOF|REDIS_FORCE_REPL);
redisOpArrayInit(&server.also_propagate);
dirty = server.dirty;
c->cmd->proc(c);
/* 当前指令进行了多少次修改； */
dirty = server.dirty-dirty;
duration = ustime()-start;
/* When EVAL is called loading the AOF we don't want commands called
* from Lua to go into the slowlog or to populate statistics. */
if (server.loading && c->flags & REDIS_LUA_CLIENT)
flags &= ~(REDIS_CALL_SLOWLOG | REDIS_CALL_STATS);
/* If the caller is Lua, we want to force the EVAL caller to propagate
* the script if the command flag or client flag are forcing the
* propagation. */
if (c->flags & REDIS_LUA_CLIENT && server.lua_caller) {
if (c->flags & REDIS_FORCE_REPL)
server.lua_caller->flags |= REDIS_FORCE_REPL;
if (c->flags & REDIS_FORCE_AOF)
server.lua_caller->flags |= REDIS_FORCE_AOF;
}
/* Log the command into the Slow log if needed, and populate the
* per-command statistics that we show in INFO commandstats. */
/* 记录慢查询日志； */
if (flags & REDIS_CALL_SLOWLOG && c->cmd->proc != execCommand)
slowlogPushEntryIfNeeded(c->argv,c->argc,duration);
if (flags & REDIS_CALL_STATS) {
c->cmd->microseconds += duration;
c->cmd->calls++;
}
/* Propagate the command into the AOF and replication link */
/* 向从服务器和AOF文件进行命令传播； */
if (flags & REDIS_CALL_PROPAGATE) {
int flags = REDIS_PROPAGATE_NONE;
if (c->flags & REDIS_FORCE_REPL) flags |= REDIS_PROPAGATE_REPL;
if (c->flags & REDIS_FORCE_AOF) flags |= REDIS_PROPAGATE_AOF;
if (dirty)
flags |= (REDIS_PROPAGATE_REPL | REDIS_PROPAGATE_AOF);
if (flags != REDIS_PROPAGATE_NONE)
propagate(c->cmd,c->db->id,c->argv,c->argc,flags);
}
/* Restore the old FORCE_AOF/REPL flags, since call can be executed
* recursively. */
/* to_do why??； */
c->flags &= ~(REDIS_FORCE_AOF|REDIS_FORCE_REPL);
c->flags |= client_old_flags & (REDIS_FORCE_AOF|REDIS_FORCE_REPL);
/* Handle the alsoPropagate() API to handle commands that want to propagate
* multiple separated commands. */
if (server.also_propagate.numops) {
int j;
redisOp *rop;
for (j = 0; j < server.also_propagate.numops; j++) {
rop = &server.also_propagate.ops[j];
propagate(rop->cmd, rop->dbid, rop->argv, rop->argc, rop->target);
}
redisOpArrayFree(&server.also_propagate);
}
server.stat_numcommands++;
}
- L20：客户端命令请求的执行；
- L21：dirty计数器更新，记录了上一次成功执行SAVE or BGSAVE命令后，服务器对数据库状态的修改次数；
- L52~L61：AOF和主从复制相关的命令传播[4]；
下面展示一个c->cmd->proc()执行的实例setCommand() -> setGenericCommand：
/* SET key value [NX] [XX] [EX <seconds>] [PX <milliseconds>] */
void setCommand(redisClient *c) {
int j;
robj *expire = NULL;
int unit = UNIT_SECONDS;
int flags = REDIS_SET_NO_FLAGS;
for (j = 3; j < c->argc; j++) {
char *a = c->argv[j]->ptr;
robj *next = (j == c->argc-1) ? NULL : c->argv[j+1];
if ((a[0] == 'n' || a[0] == 'N') &&
(a[1] == 'x' || a[1] == 'X') && a[2] == '\0') {
// 当键不存在时才
flags |= REDIS_SET_NX;
} else if ((a[0] == 'x' || a[0] == 'X') &&
(a[1] == 'x' || a[1] == 'X') && a[2] == '\0') {
// 当键已存在时才
flags |= REDIS_SET_XX;
} else if ((a[0] == 'e' || a[0] == 'E') &&
(a[1] == 'x' || a[1] == 'X') && a[2] == '\0' && next) {
// 键如果存在，覆盖；设置过期时间；
unit = UNIT_SECONDS;
expire = next;
j++;
} else if ((a[0] == 'p' || a[0] == 'P') &&
(a[1] == 'x' || a[1] == 'X') && a[2] == '\0' && next) {
unit = UNIT_MILLISECONDS;
expire = next;
j++;
} else {
addReply(c,shared.syntaxerr);
return;
}
}
c->argv[2] = tryObjectEncoding(c->argv[2]);
setGenericCommand(c,flags,c->argv[1],c->argv[2],expire,unit,NULL,NULL);
}
void setGenericCommand(redisClient *c, int flags, robj *key, robj *val, robj *expire, int unit, robj *ok_reply, robj *abort_reply) {
long long milliseconds = 0; /* initialized to avoid any harmness warning */
if (expire) {
if (getLongLongFromObjectOrReply(c, expire, &milliseconds, NULL) != REDIS_OK)
return;
if (milliseconds <= 0) {
addReplyError(c,"invalid expire time in SETEX");
return;
}
if (unit == UNIT_SECONDS) milliseconds *= 1000;
}
if ((flags & REDIS_SET_NX && lookupKeyWrite(c->db,key) != NULL) ||
(flags & REDIS_SET_XX && lookupKeyWrite(c->db,key) == NULL))
{
addReply(c, abort_reply ? abort_reply : shared.nullbulk);
return;
}
/* 对客户端当前使用的server的数据库（操作c->db->dict）的操作在这里； */
setKey(c->db,key,val);
/* dirty计数器； */
server.dirty++;
/* 设置过期时间（操作c->db->expires） */
if (expire) setExpire(c->db,key,mstime()+milliseconds);
/* 订阅通知机制，to_do； */
notifyKeyspaceEvent(REDIS_NOTIFY_STRING,"set",key,c->db->id);
if (expire) notifyKeyspaceEvent(REDIS_NOTIFY_GENERIC,
"expire",key,c->db->id);
addReply(c, ok_reply ? ok_reply : shared.ok);
}
- L26：键空间通知[3];
四、结果响应:
主要通过addReply*系列函数，修改c->buf输出缓冲区，并且通过prepareClientToWrite在事件循环中监听了可写事件（回调函数发送结果给客户端后，取消监听，因为Redis使用EPOLL LT模式）。以后可能会详细分析；