1、配置Yum源
在mysql官网中下载Yum源rpm安装包
# 下载mysql源安装包
shell> wget https://repo.mysql.com//mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm
# 安装mysql源
shell> yum install mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm
检查mysql源是否安装成功
shell> yum repolist enabled | grep ‘mysql.*-community.*’
2、安装mysql
shell> yum install mysql-community-server
3、启动mysql服务
shell> systemctl start mysqld
查看MySQL的启动状态
shell> systemctl status mysqld
4、开机启动
shell> systemctl enable mysqld
shell> systemctl daemon-reload
5、修改root默认密码
mysql安装完成之后,在/var/log/mysqld.log文件中给root生成了一个默认密码。通过下面的方式找到root默认密码,然后登录mysql进行修改:
shell> grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
shell> mysql -uroot -p
mysql> set password for 'root'@'localhost'=password('MyNewPass4!');
注意:mysql5.7默认安装了密码安全检查插件(validate_password),默认密码检查策略要求密码必须包含:大小写字母、数字和特殊符号,并且长度不能少于8位。否则会提示ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements错误
通过msyql环境变量可以查看密码策略的相关信息:
mysql> show variables like '%password%';
validate_password_policy:密码策略,默认为MEDIUM策略
validate_password_dictionary_file:密码策略文件,策略为STRONG才需要
validate_password_length:密码最少长度
validate_password_mixed_case_count:大小写字符长度,至少1个
validate_password_number_count :数字至少1个
validate_password_special_char_count:特殊字符至少1个
上述参数是默认策略MEDIUM的密码检查规则。
共有以下几种密码策略:
策略 |
检查规则 |
0 or LOW |
Length |
1 or MEDIUM |
Length; numeric, lowercase/uppercase, and special characters |
2 or STRONG |
Length; numeric, lowercase/uppercase, and special characters; dictionary file |
修改密码策略
在/etc/my.cnf文件添加validate_password_policy配置,指定密码策略:
# 选择0(LOW),1(MEDIUM),2(STRONG)其中一种,选择2需要提供密码字典件
validate_password_policy=0
如果不需要密码策略,添加my.cnf文件中添加如下配置禁用即可:
validate_password = off
重新启动mysql服务使配置生效:
systemctl restart mysqld
6、设置mysql远程访问
默认只允许root帐户在本地登录,如果要在其它机器上连接mysql,必须修改root允许远程连接:
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO root@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'Admin@123' WITH GRANT OPTION;
7、配置默认编码为utf8
修改/etc/my.cnf配置文件,在[mysqld]下添加编码配置,如下所示:
[mysqld]
character_set_server=utf8
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'
重新启动mysql服务,查看数据库默认编码如下所示:
mysql>show variables like ‘%character%’;
默认配置文件路径: 配置文件:/etc/my.cnf 日志文件:/var/log//var/log/mysqld.log 服务启动脚本:/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service socket文件:/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid