• C# 与 Java Rsa加密与解密互通


    Rsa 加密标准的制定已经过去了十多年了. 这两天在看rsa 加密的文章,基本上都是在说 .net 与 java 之间的 rsa加密是不能互通的.因为项目有用到,所以花了点时间对rsa加密做了一点点了解,发现,不管是java 还是 C# 都对 rsa 的标准加密进行了实现, 是 对于标准是实现,不能互通就讲不过去了. 今天特意写了一段java 代码试了一下,发现是完全可以的.

    密钥的描述: C#(.net) 中有三种方式导出密钥,一种是blob,一种是 xml 另一种是参数,其中xml 的方式是把 参数进行了 xml序列化.blob 的形式我没看懂是什么意思,只知道文档上说是给微软的什么api用的,下面给出其参数的形式.

    RSAParameters   字段

    Contains

    对应的 PKCS #1 字段

    D                      

    d,私钥指数

    privateExponent

    DP                      

    d mod (p - 1)                      

    exponent1

    DQ                      

    d mod (q - 1)                      

    exponent2

    Exponent                      

    e,公钥指数

    publicExponent

    InverseQ                      

    (InverseQ)(q) = 1 mod p                      

    coefficient

    Modulus                      

    n                      

    modulus

    P                      

    p                      

    prime1

    Q                      

    q                      

    prime2

    RSA 算法

    若要生成密钥对,可以从创建名为 p 和 q 的两个大的质数开始; 这两个数相乘,结果称为 n; 因为 p 和 q 都是质数,所以 n 的全部因数为 1、p、q 和 n;

    如果仅考虑小于 n 的数,则与 n 为互质数(即与 n 没有公因数)的数的个数等于 (p - 1)(q - 1);

    现在,选择一个数 e,它与计算的值为互质数; 则公钥表示为 {e, n};

    若要创建私钥,则必须计算 d,它是满足 (d)(e) mod n = 1 的一个数; 根据 Euclidean 算法,私钥为 {d, n};

    纯文本 m 到密码文本 c 的加密定义为 c = (m ^ e) mod n; 解密则定义为 m = (c ^ d) mod n;

    总之,我们可以从 .net 的rsa 中拿 到合适的密钥描述就是了,至于 java的,我想也是可以做到的,而且通常密钥是应该放在密钥容器的.

    接下来我们用.net 生成一个  rsa 的密钥,以十六进制的方式输出的(new 一个RSACryptoServiceProvider,把密钥导出就可以了)

    D: 2FE7479CF4CFEE63218C44D763C3E552DC5FBC94A31F944B88AE8E58F0ED16874B8BED35307B143F413761B2ECFFC95F48DF0D0A29FC155C0B968EFE9FFF36E7
    DP: 6777B761BC29637622FC63682243BB2E05CCFC6FF710ADE1DCE6B0C843B17C4F
    DQ: 68771CCDA40F0DA0B504C438BB03F7DF30F77364094D475E70270D148260D247
    Exponent: 010001
    InverseQ: 5665AB47697008CC2CECB544B582B9C50628281C400846C1E736629B03FE5C85
    Modulus: B3F276C8EDF515FD3248CCF4163480B9F77443A666522D66B89411EC6DFE11DEA917A97C977750EE777DACBD4D2C11BC363FDC110E5CCA0A1361D51AFA4A7ADD
    P: ECC60A01B1BDCBA1C5422D8A0A34FC0E46727DB4ED5089E54C356F052E0AB573
    Q: C28F233948483D0CD0E3FA7B5D2955F2B15E831B38876FB0E7180D873EDF7A6F


     

    为了方便写.net 代码,这里贴一下blob的密钥

    0702000000A40000525341320002000001000100DD7A4AFA1AD561130ACA5C0E11DC3F36BC112C4DBDAC7D77EE5077977CA917A9DE11FE6DEC1194B8662D5266A64374F7B9803416F4CC4832FD15F5EDC876F2B373B50A2E056F354CE58950EDB47D72460EFC340A8A2D42C5A1CBBDB1010AC6EC6F7ADF3E870D18E7B06F87381B835EB1F255295D7BFAE3D00C3D484839238FC24F7CB143C8B0E6DCE1AD10F76FFCCC052EBB43226863FC22766329BC61B7776747D26082140D27705E474D096473F730DFF703BB38C404B5A00D0FA4CD1C7768855CFE039B6236E7C14608401C282806C5B982B544B5EC2CCC08706947AB6556E736FF9FFE8E960B5C15FC290A0DDF485FC9FFECB26137413F147B3035ED8B4B8716EDF0588EAE884B941FA394BC5FDC52E5C363D7448C2163EECFF49C47E72F

    因为是私钥,所以同时可以加密和解密.下面上  C# 代码,比较简单

    using System;
        using System.Security.Cryptography;
    
        class Program
        {
            public static void Main(string[] args)
            {
                
                byte[] plainText = new byte[]{0,1,2,3,4,5};
                byte[] cipherText;
                byte[] key = String2Bytes("0702000000A40000525341328001000001000100D3D10816051881319774576B67B1D24F3AA303471A4402AB625208EC1CB04D508AF2098227C5EE185890ECB83E6971C12BDCF4F8AB0FD729167C815D3404C1AD1C0628E3544C89E9F9044A6869447310C72D7CDEB5E3582AB28BCC5069D60CD4AB5A1BB8C754AEB544FA65FB990ADB68F5AA37D7AC2CCDBF19058A2A4CF18FC29577D184E75EFD0ABEC1263893262F40C89AB2831B20B52B477770BA95FA02A71339911EBBF8630AD1AEECC205888440037D580B18AEF11FC5F35EB74E434E5A9302823BF795A34DADDFE0C6D55BC7997E667ADBE511BA06");
                using(var rsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider())
                {
                    rsa.ImportCspBlob(key);
                    Console.WriteLine("OAEP:");
                    Console.WriteLine(Bytes2String(rsa.Encrypt(plainText, true)));
                    Console.WriteLine("PCSK1-v1_5:");
                    Console.WriteLine(Bytes2String(rsa.Encrypt(plainText, false)));
                }
                Console.Write("Press any key to continue . . . ");
                Console.ReadKey(true);
            }
            
            
            const string pattern = @"[^0-9a-fA-F]+";
            static byte[] String2Bytes(string str)
            {
                str = System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex.Replace(str, pattern, "");
                if (str == string.Empty)
                    return null;
                byte[] data = new byte[str.Length / 2];
                
                for (int i = 0; i < data.Length; ++i)
                    data[i] = byte.Parse(str.Substring(2 * i, 2), System.Globalization.NumberStyles.HexNumber);
                return data;
            }
            static string Bytes2String(byte[] data)
            {
                System.Text.StringBuilder builder = new System.Text.StringBuilder();
                foreach (var  element in data) {
                    builder.AppendFormat("{0:X2}",element);
                }
                return builder.ToString();
            }
        }

    运行后输出(rsa加密,密文每次都不一定一样):

    OAEP:
    87F04B0F28B81D23E63DA71C8278E0B7E357F40583BDDCAB493D44A58080EB178EC8E0DB0DCD4BE5427FDB8190229B8DF2511BDA1082607C92BD03B0615D5AD3
    PCSK1-v1_5:
    358AB4D336D0C35DAE3895E8A125F4F5AD0FB58117A4100FAF15DE95FF8615F01FFB1A59C9B579792B7C14E93E54A3E7E236D464DDB93D8DF9D96F63F46BACD7

    现在我们有密文了,至于.net 的解密 .net 加密后的密文,我没兴趣去看,反正铁定可以的就是了.

    下面我们写java 的解密部分

    package rsatest;
    
    import java.math.BigInteger;
    import java.security.KeyFactory;
    import java.security.PrivateKey;
    import java.security.PublicKey;
    import java.security.spec.RSAPrivateKeySpec;
    import java.security.spec.RSAPublicKeySpec;
    import javax.crypto.Cipher;
    
    public class RsaTest {
    
        public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
            //前面补了个0,符号位为0,表示非负
            BigInteger n = new BigInteger("B3F276C8EDF515FD3248CCF4163480B9F77443A666522D66B89411EC6DFE11DEA917A97C977750EE777DACBD4D2C11BC363FDC110E5CCA0A1361D51AFA4A7ADD", 16);
            BigInteger e = new BigInteger("010001", 16);
            BigInteger d = new BigInteger("2FE7479CF4CFEE63218C44D763C3E552DC5FBC94A31F944B88AE8E58F0ED16874B8BED35307B143F413761B2ECFFC95F48DF0D0A29FC155C0B968EFE9FFF36E7", 16);
            RSAPublicKeySpec keySpec = new RSAPublicKeySpec(n, e);
            PublicKey publicKey = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA").generatePublic(keySpec);
            RSAPrivateKeySpec prvKeySpec = new RSAPrivateKeySpec(n, d);
            PrivateKey privateKey = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA").generatePrivate(prvKeySpec);
    
            //现在key 准备好了,把前面的密文放这里解密
            byte[] oaepCiphertext = Hex2Bytes("87F04B0F28B81D23E63DA71C8278E0B7E357F40583BDDCAB493D44A58080EB178EC8E0DB0DCD4BE5427FDB8190229B8DF2511BDA1082607C92BD03B0615D5AD3");
    
            //解密OAEP 加密的数据
            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA/ECB/OAEPPADDING");
            cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateKey);
            byte[] plaintext = cipher.doFinal(oaepCiphertext);
            System.out.println(Bytes2Hex(plaintext));
    
            //解密PKCS1-v1_5 加密的数据
            byte[] ciphertext = Hex2Bytes("358AB4D336D0C35DAE3895E8A125F4F5AD0FB58117A4100FAF15DE95FF8615F01FFB1A59C9B579792B7C14E93E54A3E7E236D464DDB93D8DF9D96F63F46BACD7");
            cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA");
            cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateKey);
            plaintext = cipher.doFinal(ciphertext);
            System.out.println(Bytes2Hex(plaintext));
    
        }
    
        public static byte[] Hex2Bytes(String hexStr) {
            if (hexStr.length() % 2 != 0) {
                hexStr = "0" + hexStr;
            }
            byte[] bytes = new byte[hexStr.length() / 2];
            for (int i = 0; i < bytes.length; ++i) {
                bytes[i] = (byte) Integer.parseUnsignedInt(hexStr.substring(i * 2, i * 2 + 2), 16);
            }
            return bytes;
        }
    
        public static String Bytes2Hex(byte[] bytes) {
            StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
            for (byte b : bytes) {
                builder.append(String.format("%02X", b));
            }
            return builder.toString();
        }
    }

    程序运行后输出:

    000102030405
    000102030405

    跟我们预期的是一样的.

    我们再用java 对明文加密,代码片段

    // plaintext {0,1,2,3,4,5}
            cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA/ECB/OAEPPADDING");
            cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, publicKey);
            oaepCiphertext = cipher.doFinal(plaintext);
            System.out.println("OAEP:");
            System.out.println(Bytes2Hex(oaepCiphertext));
            
            cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA");
            cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, publicKey);
            ciphertext = cipher.doFinal(plaintext);
            System.out.println("PCSK1-v1_5:");
            System.out.println(Bytes2Hex(ciphertext));

    对应输出(rsa加密,密文每次都不一定一样):

    OAEP:
    3144C4CB06C7F49D31E65D09C840069F7CCF602487908CCEAB33D473B949199E1795530B69E1FA20EB59E392B2B934024D46E979DEA1682BDFA61D6FDD980F9C
    PCSK1-v1_5:
    699A694BEB75616879C6B8D311CC10D987EA109D494EE6C9380CD2C02A124613F130C440CB1CA6D3405E50B62CF96A79EB43C3370253E5D8C1A9132CFE01D686

    接下来用C# 对数据解密,代码片段

    //还是用之前那个rsa对象
    //OAEP
    cipherText = String2Bytes("3144C4CB06C7F49D31E65D09C840069F7CCF602487908CCEAB33D473B949199E1795530B69E1FA20EB59E392B2B934024D46E979DEA1682BDFA61D6FDD980F9C");
    Console.WriteLine(Bytes2String(rsa.Decrypt(cipherText, true)));
    //PCSK1-v1_5
    cipherText = String2Bytes("699A694BEB75616879C6B8D311CC10D987EA109D494EE6C9380CD2C02A124613F130C440CB1CA6D3405E50B62CF96A79EB43C3370253E5D8C1A9132CFE01D686");
    Console.WriteLine(Bytes2String(rsa.Decrypt(cipherText, false)));

    对应的输出:

    000102030405
    000102030405

    解密也成功了.

    或许该头疼的问题是,已知  {e,n} 或者  {d,n} 怎么生成.net 使用的密钥.

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/lyqf365/p/3998577.html
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