此文作为入门了解用,转自http://www.2cto.com/database/201502/378260.html
存储过程就是已经编译好的、优化过的放在数据库服务器中的一些SQL语句;可供应用程序直接调用。使用存储过程有以下几个优点:
1、执行速度比普通的SQL语句快
2、便于集中控制
3、可以降低网络的通信量
4、保证数据库的安全性和完整性
5、灵活性
创建存储过程
可以采用Transact-SQL语句来创建存储过程Stored Procedured。在Microsoft SQL Server Management Studio中Databases->Database Name->Programmability->Stored Procedures右键选择Stored Procedure就生成了一个创建存储过程的模板,修改其中的内容再执行就创建了Stored Procedured。
下面我首先以创建对表中插入数据的存储过程来为例。比如我的原始表是如下语句所创建的:
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<code class= " hljs sql" >IF NOT EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM sysobjects WHERE id = object_id(N 'Persons' ) AND OBJECTPROPERTY(id,N 'isUserTable' ) = 1) CREATE TABLE Persons (Id_P int ,LastName varchar (255),FirstName varchar (255),Address varchar (255),City varchar (255))</code> |
Stored Procedure创建插入功能的SQL如下:
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<code class= " hljs sql" >USE [databasename] GO /****** Object: StoredProcedure [dbo].[insert_persions] Script Date : 2/25/2015 11:14:11 AM ******/ SET ANSI_NULLS ON GO SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON GO IF OBJECT_ID ( 'insert_persons' , 'p' ) IS NOT NULL DROP PROCEDURE insert_persons; GO -- ============================================= -- Author: <Author,,Name> -- Create date: <Create Date,,> -- Description: <Description,,> -- ============================================= CREATE PROCEDURE insert_persons -- Add the parameters for the stored procedure here @id int , @lastname varchar (255), @firstname varchar (255), @adress varchar (255), @city varchar (255) AS BEGIN -- SET NOCOUNT ON added to prevent extra result sets from -- interfering with SELECT statements. SET NOCOUNT ON ; -- Insert statements for procedure here INSERT Persons (Id_P, LastName, FirstName, Address, City) VALUES (@id, @lastname, @firstname, @adress, @city) END GO</code> |
以上代码完成了首先检查Stored Procedure是否存在,如果存在先把该Stored Procedure删掉,然后再创建该Stored Procedure。而其功能则是通过传入的参数,插入一条记录。直接点击Execute或者按F5则以上代码被执行,相应的数据库下面将有一个Stored Procedure名字为insert_persons。以SQL Server 2014为例,只要刷新相应的数据库,再到Programmability->Stored Procedures下面就发现多了个dbo.insert_persons。
执行存储过程
在Stored Procedures下面找到相应的存储过程,点击右键选择Execute Stored Procedure…就可以产生一个新的对话框,填写输入的参数再点击OK就执行完毕。回去查看相应的表会发现多了一行数据。
当然我们也可以通过SQL语句来执行存储过程。
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<code class= " hljs ruby" > EXECUTE insert_persons 5, "Wang" , "San" , "Zhongguancun" , "Beijing" EXECUTE insert_persons @id = 6,@firstname = "Wang" ,@lastname = "San" ,@adress = "Zhongguancun" ,@city = "Beijing" </code> |
C#执行存储过程
下面的代码比较简单的展示了如何利用C#来执行上面创建的存储过程:
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<code class= " hljs avrasm" > String conStr = @ "Data Source=hostSQLEXPRESS;Initial Catalog=dbtan;Integrated Security=SSPI" ; SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(conStr); try { con. Open (); Console.WriteLine( "Connect Sucess!" ); SqlCommand com = new SqlCommand(); com.CommandType = System.Data.CommandType.StoredProcedure; com. Connection = con; com.CommandText = "insert_persons" ; SqlParameter pId = new SqlParameter( "id" , 10); SqlParameter pLastName = new SqlParameter( "lastname" , "last" ); SqlParameter pFirstName = new SqlParameter( "firstname" , "first" ); SqlParameter pAdress = new SqlParameter( "adress" , "pop" ); SqlParameter pCity = new SqlParameter( "city" , "Hangzhou" ); com.Parameters. Add (pId); com.Parameters. Add (pLastName); com.Parameters. Add (pFirstName); com.Parameters. Add (pAdress); com.Parameters. Add (pCity); com.ExecuteNonQuery(); } catch (Exception e) { Console.WriteLine(e.ToString()); } finally { con. Close (); } Console.ReadKey();</code> |