Centos 7 二进制部署高可用Kubernetes v1.17.x

一、基本说明
二、基本环境配置
三、基本组件安装
四、k8s组件安装
五、生成证书
六、Kubernetes系统组件配置
七、TLS Bootstrapping配置
九、安装calico
- 9.1 安装Calico 3.11.1
- 9.2 查看Calico状态
十、安装CoreDNS
十一、集群验证
- 11.1 安装busybox
- 11.2 验证解析

一、基本说明

本博文将演示CentOS 7二进制方式安装高可用k8s 1.17.x，相对于其他版本，二进制安装方式并无太大区别。

二、基本环境配置

2.1 主机信息

OS	role && hostname	memory	CPU	Role
Centos 7.6	k8s-master01	8G	4核心	192.168.99.101
Centos 7.6	k8s-master02	8G	4核心	192.168.99.102
Centos 7.6	k8s-master03	8G	4核心	192.168.99.103
Centos 7.6	k8s-node01	8G	4核心	192.168.99.104
Centos 7.6	k8s-node02	8G	4核心	192.168.99.105
	k8s-master-lb			192.168.99.108

2.2 系统信息

$ cat /etc/redhat-release 
CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810 (Core) 
$ uname -ra
Linux k8s-master01 5.13.7-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64 #1 SMP Fri Jul 30 10:08:55 EDT 2021 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

2.3 配置所有节点hosts文件

$ cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.99.101 k8s-master01
192.168.99.102 k8s-master02
192.168.99.103 k8s-master03
192.168.99.108 k8s-master-lb
192.168.99.104 k8s-node01
192.168.99.105 k8s-node02

2.4 所有节点关闭firewalld 、selinux

$ systemctl disable --now firewalld 
$ setenforce 0
$ sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/' /etc/selinux/config

2.5 所有节点关闭swap分区

$ swapoff -a && sysctl -w vm.swappiness=0
vm.swappiness = 0

$ sed -i '/ swap / s/^\(.*\)$/#\1/g' /etc/fstab

2.6 所有节点同步时间

$ ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
$ echo 'Asia/Shanghai' >> /etc/timezone
$ ntpdate time2.aliyun.com

2.7 Master01节点生成ssh key

$ ssh-keygen -t rsa

2.8 Master01配置免密码登录其他节点

$ for i in k8s-master01 k8s-master02 k8s-master03 k8s-node01 k8s-node02;do ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub $i;done

2.9 所有节点安装基本工具

$ yum install wget jq psmisc vim net-tools yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2 git -y

2.10 Master01下载安装文件

$ git clone https://github.com/dotbalo/k8s-ha-install.git

2.11 切换到1.17.x分支

$ git checkout manual-installation-v1.17.x

三、基本组件安装

3.1 所有节点安装ipvs

$ yum install ipvsadm ipset sysstat conntrack libseccomp -y

$ cat <<EOF > /etc/modules-load.d/ipvs.conf
ip_vs
ip_vs_lc
ip_vs_wlc
ip_vs_rr
ip_vs_wrr
ip_vs_lblc
ip_vs_lblcr
ip_vs_dh
ip_vs_sh
ip_vs_fo
ip_vs_nq
ip_vs_sed
ip_vs_ftp
EOF

$ systemctl enable --now systemd-modules-load.service

$ lsmod |grep ip_vs
ip_vs_ftp              16384  0 
nf_nat                 45056  3 iptable_nat,xt_MASQUERADE,ip_vs_ftp
ip_vs_sed              16384  0 
ip_vs_nq               16384  0 
ip_vs_fo               16384  0 
ip_vs_sh               16384  0 
ip_vs_dh               16384  0 
ip_vs_lblcr            16384  0 
ip_vs_lblc             16384  0 
ip_vs_wrr              16384  0 
ip_vs_rr               16384  4 
ip_vs_wlc              16384  0 
ip_vs_lc               16384  0 
ip_vs                 159744  28 ip_vs_wlc,ip_vs_rr,ip_vs_dh,ip_vs_lblcr,ip_vs_sh,ip_vs_fo,ip_vs_nq,ip_vs_lblc,ip_vs_wrr,ip_vs_lc,ip_vs_sed,ip_vs_ftp
nf_conntrack          155648  5 xt_conntrack,nf_nat,nf_conntrack_netlink,xt_MASQUERADE,ip_vs
nf_defrag_ipv6         24576  2 nf_conntrack,ip_vs
libcrc32c              16384  4 nf_conntrack,nf_nat,xfs,ip_vs

3.2 所有节点配置内核参数

$ cat <<EOF > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
fs.may_detach_mounts = 1
vm.overcommit_memory=1
vm.panic_on_oom=0
fs.inotify.max_user_watches=89100
fs.file-max=52706963
fs.nr_open=52706963
net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_max=2310720
EOF

$ sysctl --system

3.3 配置Docker yum源

$ curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

$ yum clean all && yum makecache

$ yum list docker-ce --showduplicates | sort -r
# 查看所有的可用版本

$ yum install docker-ce-cli-19.03.9-3.el7  docker-ce-19.03.9-3.el7 -y

$ mkdir -p /etc/docker
$ tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<EOF
{                        
  "registry-mirrors" : [
    "https://8xpk5wnt.mirror.aliyuncs.com"
  ]
}
EOF

$ systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl enable --now docker

$ docker version
Client: Docker Engine - Community
 Version:           19.03.9
 API version:       1.40
 Go version:        go1.13.10
 Git commit:        9d988398e7
 Built:             Fri May 15 00:25:27 2020
 OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
 Experimental:      false

Server: Docker Engine - Community
 Engine:
  Version:          19.03.9
  API version:      1.40 (minimum version 1.12)
  Go version:       go1.13.10
  Git commit:       9d988398e7
  Built:            Fri May 15 00:24:05 2020
  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
  Experimental:     false
 containerd:
  Version:          1.4.12
  GitCommit:        7b11cfaabd73bb80907dd23182b9347b4245eb5d
 runc:
  Version:          1.0.2
  GitCommit:        v1.0.2-0-g52b36a2
 docker-init:
  Version:          0.18.0
  GitCommit:        fec3683

四、k8s组件安装

4.1 下载kubernetes 1.17.x安装包

$ wget https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/v1.17.0/kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz

4.2 下载etcd 3.3.18安装包

$ wget https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/download/v3.3.18/etcd-v3.3.18-linux-amd64.tar.gz

4.3 解压kubernetes安装文件

$ tar -xf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz  --strip-components=3 -C /usr/local/bin kubernetes/server/bin/kube{let,ctl,-apiserver,-controller-manager,-scheduler,-proxy}

4.4 解压etcd安装文件

$ tar -zxvf etcd-v3.3.18-linux-amd64.tar.gz --strip-components=1 -C /usr/local/bin etcd-v3.3.18-linux-amd64/etcd{,ctl}

4.5 版本查看

$ kubectl version
Client Version: version.Info{Major:"1", Minor:"17", GitVersion:"v1.17.0", GitCommit:"70132b0f130acc0bed193d9ba59dd186f0e634cf", GitTreeState:"clean", BuildDate:"2019-12-07T21:20:10Z", GoVersion:"go1.13.4", Compiler:"gc", Platform:"linux/amd64"}
The connection to the server localhost:8080 was refused - did you specify the right host or port?
$ etcdctl -v
etcdctl version: 3.3.18
API version: 2

4.6 将组件发送到其他节点

$ MasterNodes='k8s-master02 k8s-master03'
$ WorkNodes='k8s-node01 k8s-node02'

$ for NODE in $MasterNodes; do echo $NODE; scp /usr/local/bin/kube{let,ctl,-apiserver,-controller-manager,-scheduler,-proxy} $NODE:/usr/local/bin/; scp /usr/local/bin/etcd* $NODE:/usr/local/bin/; done

$ for NODE in $WorkNodes; do     scp /usr/local/bin/kube{let,-proxy} $NODE:/usr/local/bin/ ; done

4.7 CNI安装，下载CNI组件

$ wget https://github.com/containernetworking/plugins/releases/download/v0.7.5/cni-plugins-amd64-v0.7.5.tgz

4.8 所有节点创建/opt/cni/bin目录

$ mkdir -p /opt/cni/bin

4.9 解压cni并发送至其他节点

$ tar -zxf cni-plugins-amd64-v0.7.5.tgz -C /opt/cni/bin

$ for NODE in $MasterNodes; do     ssh $NODE 'mkdir -p /opt/cni/bin';     scp /opt/cni/bin/* $NODE:/opt/cni/bin/; done

$ for NODE in $WorkNodes; do     ssh $NODE 'mkdir -p /opt/cni/bin';     scp /opt/cni/bin/* $NODE:/opt/cni/bin/; done

五、生成证书

5.1 下载生成证书工具

$ wget "https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64" -O /usr/local/bin/cfssl
$ wget "https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssljson_linux-amd64" -O /usr/local/bin/cfssljson
$ chmod +x /usr/local/bin/cfssl /usr/local/bin/cfssljson

5.2 所有Master节点创建etcd证书目录

$ mkdir /etc/etcd/ssl -p

5.3 Master01节点生成etcd证书

$ cd /root/k8s-ha-install/pki

$ cfssl gencert -initca etcd-ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare /etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-ca

$ cfssl gencert \
   -ca=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-ca.pem \
   -ca-key=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-ca-key.pem \
   -config=ca-config.json \
   -hostname=127.0.0.1,k8s-master01,k8s-master02,k8s-master03,192.168.99.1,192.168.99.2,192.168.99.3 \
   -profile=kubernetes \
   etcd-csr.json | cfssljson -bare /etc/etcd/ssl/etcd

5.4 将证书复制到其他节点

$ MasterNodes='k8s-master02 k8s-master03'
$ WorkNodes='k8s-node01 k8s-node02'

$ for NODE in $MasterNodes; do
     ssh $NODE "mkdir -p /etc/etcd/ssl"
     for FILE in etcd-ca-key.pem  etcd-ca.pem  etcd-key.pem  etcd.pem; do
       scp /etc/etcd/ssl/${FILE} $NODE:/etc/etcd/ssl/${FILE}
     done
 done

5.5 所有节点创建kubernetes证书目录

$ mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/pki

5.6 生成kubernetes证书

$ cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare /etc/kubernetes/pki/ca

$ cfssl gencert   -ca=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem   -ca-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca-key.pem   -config=ca-config.json   -hostname=10.96.0.1,192.168.99.108,127.0.0.1,kubernetes,kubernetes.default,kubernetes.default.svc,kubernetes.default.svc.cluster,kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local,192.168.99.101,192.168.99.102,192.168.99.103   -profile=kubernetes   apiserver-csr.json | cfssljson -bare /etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver

$ cfssl gencert   -initca front-proxy-ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare /etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca 

$ cfssl gencert   -ca=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca.pem   -ca-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca-key.pem   -config=ca-config.json   -profile=kubernetes   front-proxy-client-csr.json | cfssljson -bare /etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-client

$ cfssl gencert \
   -ca=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem \
   -ca-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca-key.pem \
   -config=ca-config.json \
   -profile=kubernetes \
   manager-csr.json | cfssljson -bare /etc/kubernetes/pki/controller-manager

$ kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
     --certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem \
     --embed-certs=true \
     --server=https://192.168.99.108:8443 \
     --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager.kubeconfig

$ kubectl config set-context system:kube-controller-manager@kubernetes \
    --cluster=kubernetes \
    --user=system:kube-controller-manager \
    --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager.kubeconfig

$ kubectl config use-context system:kube-controller-manager@kubernetes \
    --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager.kubeconfig

$ kubectl config set-credentials system:kube-controller-manager \
     --client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/pki/controller-manager.pem \
     --client-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/controller-manager-key.pem \
     --embed-certs=true \
     --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager.kubeconfig
User "system:kube-controller-manager" set.
 
$ kubectl config set-context system:kube-controller-manager@kubernetes \
     --cluster=kubernetes \
     --user=system:kube-controller-manager \
     --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager.kubeconfig
Context "system:kube-controller-manager@kubernetes" created.
 
$ kubectl config use-context system:kube-controller-manager@kubernetes \
     --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager.kubeconfig
Switched to context "system:kube-controller-manager@kubernetes".

$ cfssl gencert \
   -ca=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem \
   -ca-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca-key.pem \
   -config=ca-config.json \
   -profile=kubernetes \
   scheduler-csr.json | cfssljson -bare /etc/kubernetes/pki/scheduler

$ kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
     --certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem \
     --embed-certs=true \
     --server=https://192.168.99.108:8443 \
     --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/scheduler.kubeconfig
Cluster "kubernetes" set.
 
$ kubectl config set-credentials system:kube-scheduler \
     --client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/pki/scheduler.pem \
     --client-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/scheduler-key.pem \
     --embed-certs=true \
     --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/scheduler.kubeconfig
User "system:kube-scheduler" set.
 
$ kubectl config set-context system:kube-scheduler@kubernetes \
     --cluster=kubernetes \
     --user=system:kube-scheduler \
     --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/scheduler.kubeconfig
Context "system:kube-scheduler@kubernetes" created.
 
$ kubectl config use-context system:kube-scheduler@kubernetes \
     --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/scheduler.kubeconfig
Switched to context "system:kube-scheduler@kubernetes".

$ cfssl gencert \
   -ca=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem \
   -ca-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca-key.pem \
   -config=ca-config.json \
   -profile=kubernetes \
   admin-csr.json | cfssljson -bare /etc/kubernetes/pki/admin


$ kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes     --certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem     --embed-certs=true     --server=https://192.168.99.108:8443     --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/admin.kubeconfig
Cluster "kubernetes" set.

$ kubectl config set-credentials kubernetes-admin     --client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/pki/admin.pem     --client-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/admin-key.pem     --embed-certs=true     --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/admin.kubeconfig
User "kubernetes-admin" set.
 
$ kubectl config set-context kubernetes-admin@kubernetes     --cluster=kubernetes     --user=kubernetes-admin     --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/admin.kubeconfig
Context "kubernetes-admin@kubernetes" created.
 
$ kubectl config use-context kubernetes-admin@kubernetes     --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/admin.kubeconfig
Switched to context "kubernetes-admin@kubernetes".

$ for NODE in k8s-master01 k8s-master02 k8s-master03; do
     \cp kubelet-csr.json kubelet-$NODE-csr.json;
     sed -i "s/\$NODE/$NODE/g" kubelet-$NODE-csr.json;
     cfssl gencert \
       -ca=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem \
       -ca-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca-key.pem \
       -config=ca-config.json \
       -hostname=$NODE \
       -profile=kubernetes \
       kubelet-$NODE-csr.json | cfssljson -bare /etc/kubernetes/pki/kubelet-$NODE;
     rm -f kubelet-$NODE-csr.json
   done

$ for NODE in k8s-master01 k8s-master02 k8s-master03; do
     ssh $NODE "mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/pki"
     scp /etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem $NODE:/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem
     scp /etc/kubernetes/pki/kubelet-$NODE-key.pem $NODE:/etc/kubernetes/pki/kubelet-key.pem
     scp /etc/kubernetes/pki/kubelet-$NODE.pem $NODE:/etc/kubernetes/pki/kubelet.pem
     rm -f /etc/kubernetes/pki/kubelet-$NODE-key.pem /etc/kubernetes/pki/kubelet-$NODE.pem
 done

$ for NODE in k8s-master01 k8s-master02 k8s-master03; do
     ssh $NODE "cd /etc/kubernetes/pki && \
       kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
         --certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem \
         --embed-certs=true \
         --server=https://192.168.99.108:8443 \
         --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.kubeconfig && \
       kubectl config set-credentials system:node:${NODE} \
         --client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/pki/kubelet.pem \
         --client-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/kubelet-key.pem \
         --embed-certs=true \
         --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.kubeconfig && \
       kubectl config set-context system:node:${NODE}@kubernetes \
         --cluster=kubernetes \
         --user=system:node:${NODE} \
         --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.kubeconfig && \
       kubectl config use-context system:node:${NODE}@kubernetes \
         --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.kubeconfig"
 done

5.7 创建ServiceAccount Key

$ openssl genrsa -out /etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.key 2048
Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus (2 primes)
...................................................................................+++++
...............+++++
e is 65537 (0x010001)

$ openssl rsa -in /etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.key -pubout -out /etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.pub
writing RSA key

$ for NODE in k8s-master02 k8s-master03; do 
for FILE in $(ls /etc/kubernetes/pki | grep -v etcd); do 
scp /etc/kubernetes/pki/${FILE} $NODE:/etc/kubernetes/pki/${FILE};
done; 
for FILE in admin.kubeconfig controller-manager.kubeconfig scheduler.kubeconfig; do 
scp /etc/kubernetes/${FILE} $NODE:/etc/kubernetes/${FILE};
done;
done

六、Kubernetes系统组件配置

6.1 etcd配置大致相同，注意修改每个Master节点的etcd配置的主机名和IP地址

$ vim /etc/etcd/etcd.config.yml
name: 'k8s-master01'
data-dir: /var/lib/etcd
wal-dir: /var/lib/etcd/wal
snapshot-count: 5000
heartbeat-interval: 100
election-timeout: 1000
quota-backend-bytes: 0
listen-peer-urls: 'https://192.168.99.101:2380'
listen-client-urls: 'https://192.168.99.101:2379,http://127.0.0.1:2379'
max-snapshots: 3
max-wals: 5
cors:
initial-advertise-peer-urls: 'https://192.168.99.101:2380'
advertise-client-urls: 'https://192.168.99.101:2379'
discovery:
discovery-fallback: 'proxy'
discovery-proxy:
discovery-srv:
initial-cluster: 'k8s-master01=https://192.168.99.101:2380,k8s-master02=https://192.168.99.102:2380,k8s-master03=https://192.168.99.103:2380'
initial-cluster-token: 'etcd-k8s-cluster'
initial-cluster-state: 'new'
strict-reconfig-check: false
enable-v2: true
enable-pprof: true
proxy: 'off'
proxy-failure-wait: 5000
proxy-refresh-interval: 30000
proxy-dial-timeout: 1000
proxy-write-timeout: 5000
proxy-read-timeout: 0
client-transport-security:
  ca-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-ca.pem'
  cert-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd.pem'
  key-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-key.pem'
  client-cert-auth: true
  trusted-ca-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-ca.pem'
  auto-tls: true
peer-transport-security:
  ca-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-ca.pem'
  cert-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd.pem'
  key-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-key.pem'
  peer-client-cert-auth: true
  trusted-ca-file: '/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-ca.pem'
  auto-tls: true
debug: false
log-package-levels:
log-output: default
force-new-cluster: false

6.2 所有Master节点创建etcd service并启动

$ vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service
[Unit]
Description=Etcd Service
Documentation=https://coreos.com/etcd/docs/latest/
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=notify
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/etcd --config-file=/etc/etcd/etcd.config.yml
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=10
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
Alias=etcd3.service

$ mkdir /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd
$ ln -s /etc/etcd/ssl/* /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/
$ systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl enable --now etcd

6.3 所有Master节点安装keepalived和haproxy

$ yum install keepalived haproxy -y

6.4 HAProxy配置

$ vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg 
global
  maxconn  2000
  ulimit-n  16384
  log  127.0.0.1 local0 err
  stats timeout 30s

defaults
  log global
  mode  http
  option  httplog
  timeout connect 5000
  timeout client  50000
  timeout server  50000
  timeout http-request 15s
  timeout http-keep-alive 15s

frontend monitor-in
  bind *:33305
  mode http
  option httplog
  monitor-uri /monitor

listen stats
  bind    *:8006
  mode    http
  stats   enable
  stats   hide-version
  stats   uri       /stats
  stats   refresh   30s
  stats   realm     Haproxy\ Statistics
  stats   auth      admin:admin

frontend k8s-master
  bind 0.0.0.0:8443
  bind 127.0.0.1:8443
  mode tcp
  option tcplog
  tcp-request inspect-delay 5s
  default_backend k8s-master

backend k8s-master
  mode tcp
  option tcplog
  option tcp-check
  balance roundrobin
  default-server inter 10s downinter 5s rise 2 fall 2 slowstart 60s maxconn 250 maxqueue 256 weight 100
  server k8s-master01    192.168.99.101:6443  check
  server k8s-master02    192.168.99.102:6443  check
  server k8s-master03    192.168.99.103:6443  check

6.5 KeepAlived配置（注意每个节点的IP和网卡）

$ vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
    router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
vrrp_script chk_apiserver {
    script "/etc/keepalived/check_apiserver.sh"
    interval 2
    weight -5
    fall 3  
    rise 2
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER
    interface ens33
    mcast_src_ip 192.168.99.101
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 100
    advert_int 2
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass K8SHA_KA_AUTH
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.99.108
    }
    track_script {
      chk_apiserver 
} }

6.6 健康检查配置

$ vim /etc/keepalived/check_apiserver.sh 
#!/bin/bash

err=0
for k in $(seq 1 5)
do
    check_code=$(pgrep kube-apiserver)
    if [[ $check_code == "" ]]; then
        err=$(expr $err + 1)
        sleep 5
        continue
    else
        err=0
        break
    fi
done

if [[ $err != "0" ]]; then
    echo "systemctl stop keepalived"
    /usr/bin/systemctl stop keepalived
    exit 1
else
    exit 0
fi

6.7 启动HAProxy和KeepAlived

$ systemctl enable --now haproxy
$ systemctl enable --now keepalived

6.8 VIP测试

$ ping 192.168.99.108
PING 192.168.99.108 (192.168.99.108) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.99.108: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=1.39 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.99.108: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=2.46 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.99.108: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=1.68 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.99.108: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=1.08 ms

6.9 所有节点创建相关目录

$ mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/manifests/ /etc/systemd/system/kubelet.service.d /var/lib/kubelet /var/log/kubernetes

6.10 所有Master节点创建kube-apiserver

$ vim /etc/kubernetes/token.csv
d7d356746b508a1a478e49968fba7947,kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:kubelet-bootstrap"

$ vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service 
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
After=network.target

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-apiserver \
      --v=2  \
      --logtostderr=true  \
      --allow-privileged=true  \
      --bind-address=0.0.0.0  \
      --secure-port=6443  \
      --insecure-port=0  \
      --advertise-address=192.168.99.108 \
      --service-cluster-ip-range=10.96.0.0/12  \
      --service-node-port-range=30000-32767  \
      --etcd-servers=https://192.168.99.101:2379,https://192.168.99.102:2379,https://192.168.99.103:2379 \
      --etcd-cafile=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-ca.pem  \
      --etcd-certfile=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd.pem  \
      --etcd-keyfile=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-key.pem  \
      --client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem  \
      --tls-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver.pem  \
      --tls-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver-key.pem  \
      --kubelet-client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver.pem  \
      --kubelet-client-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver-key.pem  \
      --service-account-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.pub  \
      --kubelet-preferred-address-types=InternalIP,ExternalIP,Hostname  \
      --enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,DefaultStorageClass,DefaultTolerationSeconds,NodeRestriction,ResourceQuota  \
      --authorization-mode=Node,RBAC  \
      --enable-bootstrap-token-auth=true  \
      --requestheader-client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca.pem  \
      --proxy-client-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-client.pem  \
      --proxy-client-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-client-key.pem  \
      --requestheader-allowed-names=aggregator  \
      --requestheader-group-headers=X-Remote-Group  \
      --requestheader-extra-headers-prefix=X-Remote-Extra-  \
      --requestheader-username-headers=X-Remote-User  \
      --token-auth-file=/etc/kubernetes/token.csv

Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=10s
LimitNOFILE=65535

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

6.11 所有Master节点开启kube-apiserver

$ systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl enable --now kube-apiserver

6.12 所有Master节点配置kube-controller-manager

$ vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
After=network.target

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-controller-manager \
      --v=2 \
      --logtostderr=true \
      --address=127.0.0.1 \
      --root-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem \
      --cluster-signing-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem \
      --cluster-signing-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca-key.pem \
      --service-account-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.key \
      --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager.kubeconfig \
      --leader-elect=true \
      --use-service-account-credentials=true \
      --node-monitor-grace-period=40s \
      --node-monitor-period=5s \
      --pod-eviction-timeout=2m0s \
      --controllers=*,bootstrapsigner,tokencleaner \
      --allocate-node-cidrs=true \
      --cluster-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 \
      --requestheader-client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca.pem \
      --node-cidr-mask-size=24
      
Restart=always
RestartSec=10s

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

6.13 所有Master节点启动kube-controller-manager

$ systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl enable --now kube-controller-manager

6.14 所有Master节点配置kube-scheduler

$ vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service 
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
After=network.target

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-scheduler \
      --v=2 \
      --logtostderr=true \
      --address=127.0.0.1 \
      --leader-elect=true \
      --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/scheduler.kubeconfig

Restart=always
RestartSec=10s

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

$ systemctl daemon-reload &&  systemctl enable --now kube-scheduler

七、TLS Bootstrapping配置

7.1 在Master01创建bootstrap

$ kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes     --certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem     --embed-certs=true     --server=https://192.168.99.108:8443     --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap-kubelet.kubeconfig

$ kubectl config set-credentials tls-bootstrap-token-user     --token=c8ad9c.2e4d610cf3e7426e --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap-kubelet.kubeconfig

$ kubectl config set-context tls-bootstrap-token-user@kubernetes     --cluster=kubernetes     --user=tls-bootstrap-token-user     --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap-kubelet.kubeconfig

$ kubectl config use-context tls-bootstrap-token-user@kubernetes     --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap-kubelet.kubeconfig

$ cp /etc/kubernetes/admin.kubeconfig /root/.kube/config

$ cd ~/k8s-ha-install/bootstrap/
$ kubectl create -f bootstrap.secret.yaml
secret/bootstrap-token-c8ad9c created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubelet-bootstrap created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/node-autoapprove-bootstrap created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/node-autoapprove-certificate-rotation created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/system:kube-apiserver-to-kubelet created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/system:kube-apiserver created

八、Node节点配置

8.1 复制证书至Node节点

$ for NODE in k8s-node01 k8s-node02; do
     ssh $NODE mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/pki /etc/etcd/ssl /etc/etcd/ssl
     for FILE in etcd-ca.pem etcd.pem etcd-key.pem; do
       scp /etc/etcd/ssl/$FILE $NODE:/etc/etcd/ssl/
     done
     for FILE in pki/ca.pem pki/ca-key.pem pki/front-proxy-ca.pem bootstrap-kubelet.kubeconfig; do
       scp /etc/kubernetes/$FILE $NODE:/etc/kubernetes/${FILE}
 done
 done

8.2 所有Node节点创建相关目录

$ mkdir -p /var/lib/kubelet /var/log/kubernetes /etc/systemd/system/kubelet.service.d /etc/kubernetes/manifests/

8.3 所有节点配置kubelet

$ vim  /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
After=docker.service
Requires=docker.service

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kubelet

Restart=always
StartLimitInterval=0
RestartSec=10

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

$ vim  /etc/systemd/system/kubelet.service.d/10-kubelet.conf
[Service]
Environment="KUBELET_KUBECONFIG_ARGS=--bootstrap-kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap-kubelet.kubeconfig --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.kubeconfig"
Environment="KUBELET_SYSTEM_ARGS=--network-plugin=cni --cni-conf-dir=/etc/cni/net.d --cni-bin-dir=/opt/cni/bin"
Environment="KUBELET_CONFIG_ARGS=--config=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet-conf.yml"
Environment="KUBELET_EXTRA_ARGS=--node-labels=node.kubernetes.io/node='' --pod-infra-container-image=registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause-amd64:3.1"
ExecStart=
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kubelet $KUBELET_KUBECONFIG_ARGS $KUBELET_CONFIG_ARGS $KUBELET_SYSTEM_ARGS $KUBELET_EXTRA_ARGS

$ vim /etc/kubernetes/kubelet-conf.yml
apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: KubeletConfiguration
address: 0.0.0.0
port: 10250
readOnlyPort: 10255
authentication:
  anonymous:
    enabled: false
  webhook:
    cacheTTL: 2m0s
    enabled: true
  x509:
    clientCAFile: /etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem
authorization:
  mode: Webhook
  webhook:
    cacheAuthorizedTTL: 5m0s
    cacheUnauthorizedTTL: 30s
cgroupDriver: cgroupfs
cgroupsPerQOS: true
clusterDNS:
- 10.96.0.10
clusterDomain: cluster.local
containerLogMaxFiles: 5
containerLogMaxSize: 10Mi
contentType: application/vnd.kubernetes.protobuf
cpuCFSQuota: true
cpuManagerPolicy: none
cpuManagerReconcilePeriod: 10s
enableControllerAttachDetach: true
enableDebuggingHandlers: true
enforceNodeAllocatable:
- pods
eventBurst: 10
eventRecordQPS: 5
evictionHard:
  imagefs.available: 15%
  memory.available: 100Mi
  nodefs.available: 10%
  nodefs.inodesFree: 5%
evictionPressureTransitionPeriod: 5m0s
failSwapOn: true
fileCheckFrequency: 20s
hairpinMode: promiscuous-bridge
healthzBindAddress: 127.0.0.1
healthzPort: 10248
httpCheckFrequency: 20s
imageGCHighThresholdPercent: 85
imageGCLowThresholdPercent: 80
imageMinimumGCAge: 2m0s
iptablesDropBit: 15
iptablesMasqueradeBit: 14
kubeAPIBurst: 10
kubeAPIQPS: 5
makeIPTablesUtilChains: true
maxOpenFiles: 1000000
maxPods: 110
nodeStatusUpdateFrequency: 10s
oomScoreAdj: -999
podPidsLimit: -1
registryBurst: 10
registryPullQPS: 5
resolvConf: /etc/resolv.conf
rotateCertificates: true
runtimeRequestTimeout: 2m0s
serializeImagePulls: true
staticPodPath: /etc/kubernetes/manifests
streamingConnectionIdleTimeout: 4h0m0s
syncFrequency: 1m0s
volumeStatsAggPeriod: 1m0s

8.4 启动所有节点kubelet

$ systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl enable --now kubelet

8.5 查看集群状态

$ kubectl get node
NAME           STATUS      ROLES    AGE   VERSION
k8s-master01   NotReady    <none>   54s   v1.17.0
k8s-master02   NotReady    <none>   54s   v1.17.0
k8s-master03   NotReady    <none>   54s   v1.17.0
k8s-node01     NotReady    <none>   54s   v1.17.0
k8s-node02     NotReady    <none>   54s   v1.17.0

8.6 kube-proxy配置

$ cd /root/k8s-ha-install
$ kubectl -n kube-system create serviceaccount kube-proxy

$ kubectl create clusterrolebinding system:kube-proxy         --clusterrole system:node-proxier         --serviceaccount kube-system:kube-proxy

$ SECRET=$(kubectl -n kube-system get sa/kube-proxy \
    --output=jsonpath='{.secrets[0].name}')

$ JWT_TOKEN=$(kubectl -n kube-system get secret/$SECRET \
--output=jsonpath='{.data.token}' | base64 -d)

$ PKI_DIR=/etc/kubernetes/pki

$ K8S_DIR=/etc/kubernetes

$ kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes     --certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem     --embed-certs=true     --server=https://192.168.99.108:8443     --kubeconfig=${K8S_DIR}/kube-proxy.kubeconfig

$ kubectl config set-credentials kubernetes     --token=${JWT_TOKEN}     --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig

$ kubectl config set-context kubernetes     --cluster=kubernetes     --user=kubernetes     --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig

$ kubectl config use-context kubernetes     --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig

8.7 赋值Service文件

$ for NODE in k8s-master01 k8s-master02 k8s-master03; do
     scp ${K8S_DIR}/kube-proxy.kubeconfig $NODE:/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
     scp kube-proxy/kube-proxy.conf $NODE:/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.conf
     scp kube-proxy/kube-proxy.service $NODE:/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service
 done

$ for NODE in k8s-node01 k8s-node02; do
     scp /etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig $NODE:/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
     scp kube-proxy/kube-proxy.conf $NODE:/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.conf
     scp kube-proxy/kube-proxy.service $NODE:/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service
 done

8.8 所有节点启动kube-proxy

$ systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl enable --now kube-proxy

九、安装calico

9.1 安装Calico 3.11.1

$ cd /root/k8s-ha-install/Calico/
$ kubectl create -f calico.yaml

9.2 查看Calico状态

$ kubectl get pod -n kube-system -o wide
NAME                                       READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE    IP               NODE           NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES
calico-kube-controllers-648f4868b8-59s87   1/1     Running   2          61s   10.244.85.194    k8s-node01     <none>           <none>
calico-node-8rvl9                          1/1     Running   1          61s   192.168.99.103   k8s-master03   <none>           <none>
calico-node-bjpng                          1/1     Running   1          61s   192.168.99.102   k8s-master02   <none>           <none>
calico-node-f7spq                          1/1     Running   1          61s   192.168.99.101   k8s-master01   <none>           <none>
calico-node-k8797                          1/1     Running   1          61s   192.168.99.104   k8s-node01     <none>           <none>
calico-node-q8djw                          1/1     Running   1          61s   192.168.99.105   k8s-node02     <none>           <none>

$ kubectl get node
NAME           STATUS   ROLES    AGE   VERSION
k8s-master01   Ready    <none>   84s   v1.17.0
k8s-master02   Ready    <none>   84s   v1.17.0
k8s-master03   Ready    <none>   84s   v1.17.0
k8s-node01     Ready    <none>   84s   v1.17.0
k8s-node02     Ready    <none>   84s   v1.17.0

$ kubectl cluster-info
Kubernetes master is running at https://192.168.99.108:8443

十、安装CoreDNS

$ cd /root/k8s-ha-install/CoreDNS/
$ kubectl create -f coredns.yaml 
$ kubectl get po -n kube-system
$ kubectl get pod -n kube-system -o wide
NAME                                       READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE    IP               NODE           NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES
calico-kube-controllers-648f4868b8-59s87   1/1     Running   2          2m25s   10.244.85.194    k8s-node01     <none>           <none>
calico-node-8rvl9                          1/1     Running   1          2m25s   192.168.99.103   k8s-master03   <none>           <none>
calico-node-bjpng                          1/1     Running   1          2m25s   192.168.99.102   k8s-master02   <none>           <none>
calico-node-f7spq                          1/1     Running   1          2m25s   192.168.99.101   k8s-master01   <none>           <none>
calico-node-k8797                          1/1     Running   1          2m25s   192.168.99.104   k8s-node01     <none>           <none>
calico-node-q8djw                          1/1     Running   1          2m25s   192.168.99.105   k8s-node02     <none>           <none>
coredns-76b74f549-xlfc2                    1/1     Running   1          95s    10.244.122.130   k8s-master02   <none>           <none>

$ kubectl logs -f coredns-76b74f549-xlfc2 -n kube-system
[INFO] plugin/ready: Still waiting on: "kubernetes"
.:53
[INFO] plugin/reload: Running configuration MD5 = 8b19e11d5b2a72fb8e63383b064116a1
CoreDNS-1.6.6
linux/amd64, go1.13.5, 6a7a75e

十一、集群验证

11.1 安装busybox

$ cat<<EOF | kubectl apply -f -
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: busybox
  namespace: default
spec:
  containers:
  - name: busybox
    image: busybox:1.28
    command:
      - sleep
      - "3600"
    imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
  restartPolicy: Always
EOF

11.2 验证解析

$ kubectl exec  busybox -n default -- nslookup kubernetes
Server:    10.96.0.10
Address 1: 10.96.0.10 kube-dns.kube-system.svc.cluster.local

Name:      kubernetes
Address 1: 10.96.0.1 kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local

$ kubectl exec  busybox -n default -- nslookup kube-dns.kube-system
Server:    10.96.0.10
Address 1: 10.96.0.10 kube-dns.kube-system.svc.cluster.local

Name:      kube-dns.kube-system
Address 1: 10.96.0.10 kube-dns.kube-system.svc.cluster.local

*************** 当你发现自己的才华撑不起野心时，就请安静下来学习吧！***************

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/lvzhenjiang/p/15643785.html