环境说明：
#主库RAC环境
#备库RAC环境，操作系统AIX 6.1 数据库版本11.2.0.3
报错说明：
#主库备份控制文件，传输至备库，备库restore 报错
本篇文档，分为两大阶段：第一阶段：出现报错，查询相关日志
第二阶段：处理报错，尝试操作解决问题
第一阶段：出现报错，查询日志阶段：
#如下操作：
RMAN> restore standby controlfile from '/tmp/con.ctl';
Starting restore at 03-JUL-18
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=1 instance=rac11g770a device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of restore command at 07/03/2018 19:36:27
RMAN-10038: database session for channel ORA_DISK_1 terminated unexpectedly
#查询Alert日志：
NOTE: MARK has subscribed
ORA-15025: could not open disk "/dev/rhdisk6"
ORA-27041: unable to open file
IBM AIX RISC System/6000 Error: 13: Permission denied
第二阶段，解决问题：
#报错解决过程，经历了三个阶段：ABC，AB都是错误的，如果需要快速解决问题，直接看C 最后阶段，修改组完事
A：修改进程属主属组
chown oracle.asmadmin $ORACLE_HOME/bin/oracle
#查询如下：发现Oracle进程是oralce .oinstall 属组，查询OCR磁盘组所在操作系统层面的ASM磁盘
-bash-4.2# cd /picclife/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin
-bash-4.2# ls -l oracle
-rwsr-s--x 1 oracle oinstall 300820923 Jul 03 15:42 oracle
#ASM磁盘操作系统： 属组是ASMADMIN ，Oracle没有这个组，Oracle用户没有权限使用ASM磁盘
-bash-4.2# ls -l /dev/rhdisk2
crw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 13, 3 Jul 03 19:26 /dev/rhdisk2
#直接修改Oracle进程，属组为asmadmin
-bash-4.2# chown oracle:asmadmin oracle
-bash-4.2# ls -l oracle
-rwsr-s--x 1 oracle asmadmin 300820923 Jul 03 15:42 oracle
#使用SQLPLUS 报错--- 提示组ID不对
ORA-27140: attach to post/wait facility failed
ORA-27300: OS system dependent operation:invalid_egid failed with status: 1
ORA-27301: OS failure message: Not owner
ORA-27302: failure occurred at: skgpwinit6
ORA-27303: additional information: startup egid = 501 (oinstall), current egid = 503 (asmadmin)
#修改Oracle进程权限，还原操作
-bash-4.2# chmod 6755 oracle
-bash-4.2# ls -l oracle
-rwsr-sr-x 1 oracle asmadmin 300820923 Jul 03 15:42 oracle
-bash-4.2# ls -l oracle
-rwsrwsr-x 1 oracle asmadmin 300820923 Jul 03 15:42 oracle
-bash-4.2# chown oracle.oinstall oracle
#修改进程的属主属组，不太安全，直接对Oracle用户进行添加属组：
B：对Oracle用户添加asmadmin组
chgroup users=oracle asmadmin
--通过此命令修改后，出现大坑
-bash-4.2# chgroup users=oracle asmadmin
-bash-4.2# id oracle
uid=501(oracle) gid=501(oinstall) groups=503(asmadmin),502(dba),504(asmdba)
#重启库，使用restore 可以发现，解决了ORACLE 用户，可以使用ASM存储的目的
RMAN> restore standby controlfile from '/tmp/con.ctl';
rac11g770a:/picclife/app/grid$ id oracle
uid=501(oracle) gid=501(oinstall) groups=503(asmadmin),502(dba),504(asmdba)
rac11g770a:/picclife/app/grid$ id grid
uid=502(grid) gid=501(oinstall) groups=502(dba),504(asmdba),505(asmoper)
#重启库后，发现集群状态不太对
GRID： asmcmd --连接 发现ASMCMD 无法使用，sqlplus / as sysasm --没有权限！！！！！！！！！！
[grid@rac1 ~]$ . oraenv
ORACLE_SID = [+ASM1] ?
The Oracle base remains unchanged with value /u01/app/oracle
[grid@rac1 ~]$ asmcmd
Connected to an idle instance.
ASMCMD> ls
ASMCMD-8102: no connection to ASM; command requires ASM to run
#查询集群状态：
-bash-4.2# while true ; do /picclife/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/crsctl stat res -t -init ; sleep 1; done
ora.asm
1 ONLINE OFFLINE
ora.cluster_interconnect.haip
1 ONLINE ONLINE rac11g770a
ora.crf
1 ONLINE ONLINE rac11g770a
ora.crsd
1 ONLINE OFFLINE
ora.cssd
1 ONLINE ONLINE rac11g770a
ora.cssdmonitor
1 ONLINE ONLINE rac11g770a
ora.ctssd
1 ONLINE ONLINE rac11g770a OBSERVER
ora.diskmon
1 OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora.drivers.acfs
1 ONLINE ONLINE rac11g770a
ora.evmd
1 ONLINE INTERMEDIATE rac11g770a ---非常不正常， ASM CRSD服务均未启动！！！！
#对集群进行启动、停止，尝试，查询集群各种日志，均为得到明显的ORA报错
C:对用户属组进行修改：使用命令Usermod
###中午睡了一觉，状态OK后，查询用户，发现一个惊奇的特点：差点以为眼花了！！！
Grid: 操作系统用户，属组asmadmin 组消失了！！！！！！！
-bash-4.2# id grid
uid=502(grid) gid=501(oinstall) groups=502(dba),504(asmdba),505(asmoper)
-bash-4.2# id oracle
uid=501(oracle) gid=501(oinstall) groups=502(dba),503(asmadmin),504(asmdba)
#对Grid用户的属组进行添加
-bash-4.2# usermod -G asmadmin grid --对于此命令 -G 需要所有的组都添加
-bash-4.2# id grid
uid=502(grid) gid=501(oinstall) groups=503(asmadmin)
-bash-4.2# id oracle
uid=501(oracle) gid=501(oinstall) groups=502(dba),504(asmdba)
-bash-4.2# usermod -G dba,asmdba,asmoper,asmadmin grid
-bash-4.2# usermod -G dba,asmdba,asmoper,asmadmin oracle
#对集群进行重启：
rac11g770a:/picclife/app/11.2.0/grid/bin$ ./crsctl stop has -f
#rac11g770a:/picclife/app/11.2.0/grid/bin$ ./crsctl stop crs -f
rac11g770a:/picclife/app/11.2.0/grid/bin$ crsctl start has
rac11g770a:/picclife/app/11.2.0/grid/bin$ crsctl start crs
rac11g770a:/picclife/app/11.2.0/grid/bin$ crsctl check crs
CRS-4638: Oracle High Availability Services is online
CRS-4537: Cluster Ready Services is online
CRS-4529: Cluster Synchronization Services is online
CRS-4533: Event Manager is online
#查询用户
-bash-4.2# id oracle
uid=501(oracle) gid=501(oinstall) groups=503(asmadmin),502(dba),504(asmdba),505(asmoper)
-bash-4.2# id grid
uid=502(grid) gid=501(oinstall) groups=503(asmadmin),502(dba),504(asmdba),505(asmoper)
OK!!!!!