• Ubuntu安装常用工具


    Ubuntu源列表

    用gedit或其他编辑器打开:
    gksu gedit /etc/apt/sources.list
    kdesudo kate /etc/apt/sources.list
    gksu mousepad /etc/apt/sources.list
    gksu leafpad /etc/apt/sources.list (12.04版)
    gksu gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

    #Ubuntu 官方更新服务器(欧洲,此为官方源,国内较慢,但无同步延迟问题,电信、移动/铁通、联通等公网用户可以使用):
    deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse

    #Ubuntu官方提供的其他软件(第三方闭源软件等):
    deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu/ precise partner
    deb http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise main

    #骨头兄亲自搭建并维护的 Ubuntu 源(该源位于浙江杭州百兆共享宽带的电信机房),包含 Deepin 等镜像:
    deb http://ubuntu.srt.cn/ubuntu/ precise main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://ubuntu.srt.cn/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://ubuntu.srt.cn/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://ubuntu.srt.cn/ubuntu/ precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://ubuntu.srt.cn/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://ubuntu.srt.cn/ubuntu/ precise main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://ubuntu.srt.cn/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://ubuntu.srt.cn/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://ubuntu.srt.cn/ubuntu/ precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://ubuntu.srt.cn/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse

    #网易163更新服务器(广东广州电信/联通千兆双线接入),包含其他开源镜像:
    deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse

    #搜狐更新服务器(山东联通千兆接入,官方中国大陆地区镜像跳转至此) ,包含其他开源镜像:
    deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse

    #LupaWorld 更新服务器(浙江杭州电信/联通双线服务器),包含其他开源镜像:
    deb http://mirror.lupaworld.com/ubuntu precise main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://mirror.lupaworld.com/ubuntu precise-security main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://mirror.lupaworld.com/ubuntu precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://mirror.lupaworld.com/ubuntu precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://mirror.lupaworld.com/ubuntu precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirror.lupaworld.com/ubuntu precise main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirror.lupaworld.com/ubuntu precise-security main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirror.lupaworld.com/ubuntu precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirror.lupaworld.com/ubuntu precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://mirror.lupaworld.com/ubuntu precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

    #常州贝特康姆软件技术有限公司 更新服务器(江苏常州电信服务器),包含其他开源镜像
    deb http://centos.bitcomm.cn/ubuntu precise main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://centos.bitcomm.cn/ubuntu precise-security main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://centos.bitcomm.cn/ubuntu precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://centos.bitcomm.cn/ubuntu precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse
    deb http://centos.bitcomm.cn/ubuntu precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://centos.bitcomm.cn/ubuntu precise main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://centos.bitcomm.cn/ubuntu precise-security main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://centos.bitcomm.cn/ubuntu precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://centos.bitcomm.cn/ubuntu precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse
    deb-src http://centos.bitcomm.cn/ubuntu precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

    #中国科学技术大学更新服务器(位于合肥,千兆教育网接入,百兆电信/联通线路智能路由)
    deb http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise main multiverse restricted universe
    deb http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-backports main multiverse restricted universe
    deb http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
    deb http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-security main multiverse restricted universe
    deb http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-updates main multiverse restricted universe
    deb-src http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise main multiverse restricted universe
    deb-src http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-backports main multiverse restricted universe
    deb-src http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
    deb-src http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-security main multiverse restricted universe
    deb-src http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-updates main multiverse restricted universe

    安装最新版的wine
    sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-wine/ppa   
    sudo apt-get update
    sudo apt-get install wine
    然后下载有道云笔记软件,这时就可以顺利的使用了,记的笔记无论在什么地方都可以用,挺方便的。

     安装rpm包
    Ubuntu的软件包格式是deb,如果要安装rpm的包,则要先用alien把rpm转换成deb。
    sudo apt-get install alien #alien默认没有安装,所以首先要安装它
    sudo alien xxxx.rpm #将rpm转换位deb,完成后会生成一个同名的xxxx.deb
    sudo dpkg -i xxxx.deb #安装
    方法一:
    1. 先安装 alien 和 fakeroot 这两个工具,其中前者可以将 rpm 包转换为 deb 包。安装命令为:sudo apt-get install alien fakeroot
    2. 将需要安装的 rpm 包下载备用,假设为 package.rpm。
    3. 使用 alien 将 rpm 包转换为 deb 包:fakeroot alien package.rpm
    4. 一旦转换成功,我们可以即刻使用以下指令来安装:sudo dpkg -i package.deb
    方法二:
    1.command:sudo apt-get install rpm alien
    2.command:alien -d package.rpm
    3.command:sudo dpkg -i package.deb 

    ubuntu安装QQ2012与迅雷5
    去这个地址下载QQ2012与迅雷5:http://packages.linuxdeepin.com/deepin/pool/non-free/d/
    sudo dpkg -i [thunder5.deb 或 qq2012.deb]
    在终端启动迅雷:
    wine-thunder5
    第一次运行可能会报错,此时用 winetricks 安装相应的 DLL 即可:
    winetricks msxml3 gdiplus riched20 riched30 ie6
    在终端启动QQ:
    wine-qq2012 

    Ubuntu安装Fcitx(小企鹅五笔输入法)  

    安装配置如下: 

    1. 安装 fcitx

    sudo apt-get install fcitx

    2. 配置默认输入法为 fcitx

    im-switch -s fcitx  // 注意无须加 sudo

    3. 重启 x-window

    重启之后,fcitx 输入法应当正常启动,输入条将显示在屏幕最上面,不过输入框中文显示可能是 “口口”,需要小小的改动。

    4. 修改配置文件

    gedit ~/.fcitx/config

    //如果没有配置gedit 支持GB18030编码,打开后文件会是乱码(此处针对9.10前版本,9.10无需配置已支持)

    修改如下几项

    显示字体(中)=YaHei Consolas Hybrid  #主要是看你的OpenOffice中有什么字体,加进来就行。
    Enter键行为=1 # =1表示回车时清除输入框中输入的内容,随个人喜好设置
    上一页=, # 使用 , . 翻页,随个人喜好设置
    下一页=.

    [输入法]
    使用拼音=0
    拼音名称=智能拼音
    使用双拼=0
    双拼名称=智能双拼
    默认双拼方案=自然码
    使用区位=0
    区位名称=区位
    使用码表=1
    提示词库中的词组=1
    其他输入法=

    5. 修改码表文件

    sudo gedit /usr/share/fcitx/data/tables.conf

    由于五笔拼音已经完全够用,其它输入法就没必要出现了,文件中只需留下如下内容,其它配置段可以清除或注释掉。

    [码表]
    名称=五笔拼音
    码表=wbpy.mb
    调频=2
    拼音=1
    拼音键=z
    自动上屏=-1
    空码自动上屏=-1
    自动词组=1
    精确匹配=0
    提示编码=0

    6、重启 x-window
    重启 x-window 之后,小企鹅输入法中文显示将完全正常,且只有“五笔拼音”,免去了在多个输入法中来回切换的麻烦。

    Note: Restart 后小企鹅面板不是最上面,我们也以用[Ctrl+Alt+h]来把它调上来。

    安装无线网卡驱动适配驱动 linux wireless:

    http://wireless.kernel.org/en/users/Drivers/b43#firmwareinstallation

     

    安装词典

    sudo apt-get install stardict-gtk

    sudo apt-get install stardict-gnome

    更新源列表

    sudo apt-get update

    更新系统软件

    sudo apt-get upgrade

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/luowei010101/p/2687665.html
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