Problem
Description
给出 (n) 种物品,每种物品体积为 (v_i) ,件数可视作无限。给定 (m) ,求出用这些商品装满容积分别为 (1sim m) 的这 (m) 个背包的方案数。
Input Format
第一行两个正整数 (n,m) 。
接下来一行 (n) 个数,每个数 (v_i) 表示第 (i) 种物品的体积。
Output Format
(m) 行 (m) 个整数,第 (i) 行表示对于体积为 (i) 的背包有多少种方案,答案对 (998244353) 取模。
Range
(n, mle 10^5, v_ile m)
Algorithm
多项式,生成函数
Mentality
对于一种体积为 (v_i) 的物品,它的生成函数为:
[f_i(x)=sum_{k = 1} x^{v_ik}
]
可以得到封闭表达式:(f_i(x)=frac{1}{1-x^{v_i}}) 。
显然有答案的生成函数 (Ans=prod_{i=1}^n f_i(x)) 。
当然我们并不能把所有的函数乘起来,转而考虑一下利用 (ln) 转化成加法。
[ln'(f_i(x)) = ln'(frac{1}{1-x^{v_i}})\
= (1-x^{v_i})*f_i'(x)\
= (1-x^{v_i})* sum v_ik *x^{v_ik-1}\
= sum v_i * x^{v_ik-1}\
]
这个时候我们再积分回去就得到了:
[ln(f_i(x))=sum frac{1}{k} * x^{v_ik}
]
由于物品体积总数就那么一点,我们直接把相同体积的物品一起加到 (Ans) 的对应位置去就好了。
不难看出这部分复杂度为 (nln(n)) 。
然后再把 (Ans) 给 (exp) 回去就好了。
Code
#include <cmath>
#include <cstdio>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#define LL long long
#define inline __inline__ __attribute__((always_inline))
inline LL read() {
LL x = 0, w = 1;
char ch = getchar();
while (!isdigit(ch)) {
if (ch == '-') w = -1;
ch = getchar();
}
while (isdigit(ch)) {
x = (x << 3) + (x << 1) + ch - '0';
ch = getchar();
}
return x * w;
}
const int Max_n = 6e5 + 5, mod = 998244353, G = 3, Len = 1 << 19;
int ksm(int a, int b = mod - 2) {
int res = 1;
for (; b; b >>= 1, a = 1ll * a * a % mod)
if (b & 1) res = 1ll * res * a % mod;
return res;
}
namespace Poly {
int bit, len, rev[Max_n];
int gp[Max_n], invn[Max_n];
struct poly {
int f[Max_n];
inline int& operator[](int x) {
return f[x];
}
void Init() {
for (int i = 0; i < Max_n; i++) f[i] = 0;
}
void dft(int t) {
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
if (rev[i] > i) swap(f[i], f[rev[i]]);
for (int l = 1; l < len; l <<= 1) {
int Wn = Len / (l << 1);
for (int i = 0; i < len; i += l << 1) {
for (int k = i; k < i + l; k++) {
int x = f[k], p = (k - i) * Wn;
int y = 1ll * f[k + l] * (t == -1 ? gp[Len - p] : gp[p]) % mod;
f[k] = (x + y) % mod, f[k + l] = (x - y + mod) % mod;
}
}
}
if (t == -1)
for (int i = 0, Inv = ksm(len); i < len; i++)
f[i] = 1ll * f[i] * Inv % mod;
}
};
void init(int n) {
len = 1 << (bit = log2(n) + 1);
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
rev[i] = rev[i >> 1] >> 1 | ((i & 1) << bit - 1);
}
void inv(int n, poly &f, poly &g) {
static poly F;
F.Init(), g.Init();
g[0] = ksm(f[0]);
for (int deg = 2; deg < (n << 1); deg <<= 1) {
init(deg * 3);
for (int i = 0; i < deg; i++) F[i] = f[i];
for (int i = deg; i < len; i++) F[i] = 0;
g.dft(1), F.dft(1);
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
g[i] = 1ll * g[i] * (2 - 1ll * g[i] * F[i] % mod + mod) % mod;
g.dft(-1);
for (int i = deg; i < len; i++) g[i] = 0;
}
}
void ln(int n, poly &f, poly &g) {
static poly df, Inv;
df.Init();
for (int i = 0; i < n - 1; i++) df[i] = 1ll * f[i + 1] * (i + 1) % mod;
inv(n, f, Inv), g.Init(), init(n * 2);
df.dft(1), Inv.dft(1);
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) g[i] = 1ll * df[i] * Inv[i] % mod;
g.dft(-1);
for (int i = n - 1; i; i--) g[i] = 1ll * g[i - 1] * invn[i] % mod;
g[0] = 0;
}
void exp(int n, poly &f, poly &g) {
static poly Ln, F;
g.Init(), F.Init();
g[0] = 1;
for (int deg = 2; deg < (n << 1); deg <<= 1) {
ln(deg, g, Ln), init(deg);
for (int i = 0; i < deg; i++) F[i] = f[i];
for (int i = deg; i < len; i++) F[i] = 0;
g.dft(1), F.dft(1), Ln.dft(1);
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
g[i] = 1ll * g[i] * (1 - Ln[i] + F[i] + mod) % mod;
g.dft(-1);
for (int i = deg; i < len; i++) g[i] = 0;
}
}
}
using namespace Poly;
int n, m, exi[Max_n];
poly a, ans;
namespace Input {
void main() {
n = read(), m = read();
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) exi[read()]++;
}
} // namespace Input
namespace Init {
void main() {
for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
if (exi[i])
for (int j = 1; j * i <= m; j++)
(a[j * i] += 1ll * exi[i] * ksm(j) % mod) %= mod;
invn[0] = invn[1] = gp[0] = 1;
int g = ksm(G, (mod - 1) / Len);
for (int i = 1; i <= Len; i++) gp[i] = 1ll * gp[i - 1] * g % mod;
for (int i = 2; i < Len; i++) invn[i] = 1ll * (mod - mod / i) * invn[mod % i] % mod;
}
} // namespace Init
namespace Solve {
void main() {
exp(m + 1, a, ans);
for (int i = 1; i <= m; i++) printf("%d
", ans[i]);
}
} // namespace Solve
int main() {
#ifndef ONLINE_JUDGE
freopen("4389.in", "r", stdin);
freopen("4389.out", "w", stdout);
#endif
Input::main();
Init::main();
Solve::main();
}