• Codeforce 263D Cycle in Graph 搜索 图论 哈密尔顿环


    You've got a undirected graph G, consisting of n nodes. We will consider the nodes of the graph indexed by integers from 1 to n. We know that each node of graph G is connected by edges with at least k other nodes of this graph. Your task is to find in the given graph a simple cycle of length of at least k + 1.

    A simple cycle of length d (d > 1) in graph G is a sequence of distinct graph nodes v1, v2, ..., vd such, that nodes v1 and vd are connected by an edge of the graph, also for any integer i (1 ≤ i < d) nodes vi and vi + 1 are connected by an edge of the graph.

    Input

    The first line contains three integers nmk (3 ≤ n, m ≤ 105; 2 ≤ k ≤ n - 1) — the number of the nodes of the graph, the number of the graph's edges and the lower limit on the degree of the graph node. Next m lines contain pairs of integers. The i-th line contains integers aibi (1 ≤ ai, bi ≤ nai ≠ bi) — the indexes of the graph nodes that are connected by the i-th edge.

    It is guaranteed that the given graph doesn't contain any multiple edges or self-loops. It is guaranteed that each node of the graph is connected by the edges with at least k other nodes of the graph.

    Output

    In the first line print integer r (r ≥ k + 1) — the length of the found cycle. In the next line print r distinct integers v1, v2, ..., vr (1 ≤ vi ≤ n)— the found simple cycle.

    It is guaranteed that the answer exists. If there are multiple correct answers, you are allowed to print any of them.

    Examples

    input

    Copy

    3 3 2
    1 2
    2 3
    3 1
    

    output

    Copy

    3
    1 2 3 

    input

    Copy

    4 6 3
    4 3
    1 2
    1 3
    1 4
    2 3
    2 4
    

    output

    Copy

    4
    3 4 1 2 

    做这个题,我一开始想的是floyd求最小环,dijkstra求最小环,但是,到后来我发现,数据量太大,而且这个题之说找到大于K的环,便搁置了一下,太难了,后来想到了哈密尔顿,不就一个搜索题,比哈密尔顿路还简单,搜一个回路,并且记录路径,搜到重复点,就是回路,路径点大于K,就是要的答案,直接交,ojbk。

    #include<iostream>
    #include<queue>
    #include<algorithm>
    #include<set>
    #include<cmath>
    #include<vector>
    #include<map>
    #include<stack>
    #include<bitset>
    #include<cstdio>
    #include<cstring>
    //---------------------------------Sexy operation--------------------------//
    
    #define cini(n) scanf("%d",&n)
    #define cinl(n) scanf("%lld",&n)
    #define cinc(n) scanf("%c",&n)
    #define cins(s) scanf("%s",s)
    #define coui(n) printf("%d",n)
    #define couc(n) printf("%c",n)
    #define coul(n) printf("%lld",n)
    #define speed ios_base::sync_with_stdio(0)
    #define file  freopen("input.txt","r",stdin);freopen("output.txt","w",stdout)
    //-------------------------------Actual option------------------------------//
    
    #define Swap(a,b) a^=b^=a^=b
    #define Max(a,b) a>b?a:b
    #define Min(a,b) a<b?a:b
    #define mem(n,x) memset(n,x,sizeof(n))
    #define mp(a,b) make_pair(a,b)
    //--------------------------------constant----------------------------------//
    
    #define INF  0x3f3f3f3f
    #define maxn  100005
    #define esp  1e-9
    using namespace std;
    typedef long long ll;
    typedef pair<int,int> PII;
    //------------------------------Dividing Line--------------------------------//
    vector<int> ege[maxn],ans;
    int vis[maxn];
    int n,m,k,cnt;
    bool dfs(int u)
    {
        vis[u]=++cnt;
        ans.push_back(u);
        for(int i=0;i<ege[u].size();i++)
        {
            int v=ege[u][i];
            if(vis[v])
            {
                if(cnt-vis[v]<k) continue;
                cout<<vis[u]-vis[v]+1<<endl;
                for(int i=vis[v];i<=vis[u];i++) cout<<ans[i-1]<<' ';
                return puts(""),1;
            }
            if(dfs(v))return 1;
        }
        return 0;
    }
    int main()
    {
        cin>>n>>m>>k;
        for(int i=0;i<m;i++)
        {
            int x,y;
            cini(x),cini(y);
            ege[x].push_back(y);
            ege[y].push_back(x);
        }
        dfs(1);
        return 0;
    }
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/lunatic-talent/p/12798777.html
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