三 .Django---framework框架序列化视图三部曲

一视图三部曲(序列化)

https://www.cnblogs.com/pythonywy/p/11497730.html django-drf框架自带的路由以及最简化的视图

1. 使用混合（mixins）方式一

# Create your models here.
from django.db import models
# Create your models here.
class Book(models.Model):
    title=models.CharField(max_length=32)
    price=models.IntegerField()
    # pub_date=models.DateField(auto_now=True)
    publish=models.ForeignKey("Publish",on_delete=models.CASCADE)      # ForeignKey一对多
    authors=models.ManyToManyField("Author")        # ManyToManyField  多对多
    def __str__(self):
        return self.title

class Publish(models.Model):
    name=models.CharField(max_length=32)
    email=models.EmailField()
    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

class Author(models.Model):
    name=models.CharField(max_length=32)
    age=models.IntegerField()
    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.response import Response
from .models import *
from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse
from django.core import serializers
import  json

from rest_framework import serializers


class BookSerializers(serializers.ModelSerializer):
      class Meta:
          model=Book
          fields="__all__"
          #depth=1


class PublshSerializers(serializers.ModelSerializer):
      class Meta:
          model=Publish
          fields="__all__"
          depth=1


class BookViewSet(APIView):
    def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
        book_list=Book.objects.all()
        bs=BookSerializers(book_list,many=True,context={'request': request})
        return Response(bs.data)


    def post(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
        print(request.data)
        bs=BookSerializers(data=request.data,many=False)
        if bs.is_valid():
            print(bs.validated_data)
            bs.save()
            return Response(bs.data)
        else:
            return HttpResponse(bs.errors)


class BookDetailViewSet(APIView):
    def get(self,request,pk):
        book_obj=Book.objects.filter(pk=pk).first()
        bs=BookSerializers(book_obj,context={'request': request})
        return Response(bs.data)

    def put(self,request,pk):
        book_obj=Book.objects.filter(pk=pk).first()
        bs=BookSerializers(book_obj,data=request.data,context={'request': request})
        if bs.is_valid():
            bs.save()
            return Response(bs.data)
        else:
            return HttpResponse(bs.errors)


class PublishViewSet(APIView):
    def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs):
        publish_list=Publish.objects.all()
        bs=PublshSerializers(publish_list,many=True,context={'request': request})
        return Response(bs.data)

    def post(self,request,*args,**kwargs):

        bs=PublshSerializers(data=request.data,many=False)
        if bs.is_valid():
            # print(bs.validated_data)
            bs.save()
            return Response(bs.data)
        else:
            return HttpResponse(bs.errors)



class PublishDetailViewSet(APIView):
    def get(self,request,pk):
        publish_obj=Publish.objects.filter(pk=pk).first()
        bs=PublshSerializers(publish_obj,context={'request': request})
        return Response(bs.data)

    def put(self,request,pk):
        publish_obj=Publish.objects.filter(pk=pk).first()
        bs=PublshSerializers(publish_obj,data=request.data,context={'request': request})
        if bs.is_valid():
            bs.save()
            return Response(bs.data)
        else:
            return HttpResponse(bs.errors)

    url(r'^books/$', views.BookViewSet.as_view(), name="book_list"),
    url(r'^books/(?P<pk>d+)$', views.BookDetailViewSet.as_view(), name="book_detail"),
    url(r'^publishers/$', views.PublishViewSet.as_view(), name="publish_list"),
    url(r'^publishers/(?P<pk>d+)$', views.PublishDetailViewSet.as_view(), name="publish_detail"),

2. mixin类编写视图(方式二)

model类  一样

from rest_framework import mixins
from rest_framework import generics
from .models import *



from rest_framework import serializers

from django.core import serializers
import  json


class BookSerializers(serializers.Serializer):
    title = serializers.CharField(max_length=32)
    price = serializers.IntegerField()

    publish=serializers.CharField(source="publish.name")   # ForeignKey一对多  序列化
    #authors=serializers.CharField(source="authors.all")
    authors = serializers.SerializerMethodField()               # ManyToManyField  多对多   序列化
    def get_authors(self,obj):
        temp=[]
        for obj in obj.authors.all():
            temp.append(obj.name)
        return temp


class BookViewSet(mixins.ListModelMixin,
                  mixins.CreateModelMixin,
                  generics.GenericAPIView):

    queryset = Book.objects.all()
    serializer_class = BookSerializers

    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return self.list(request, *args, **kwargs)


    def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return self.create(request, *args, **kwargs)



class BookDetailViewSet(mixins.RetrieveModelMixin,
                    mixins.UpdateModelMixin,
                    mixins.DestroyModelMixin,
                    generics.GenericAPIView):
    queryset = Book.objects.all()
    serializer_class = BookSerializers

    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return self.retrieve(request, *args, **kwargs)

    def put(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return self.update(request, *args, **kwargs)

    def delete(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return self.destroy(request, *args, **kwargs)

url类路径一样

3. 使用通用的基于类的视图 (方式三)

通过使用mixin类，我们使用更少的代码重写了这些视图，但我们还可以再进一步。REST框架提供了一组已经混合好（mixed-in）的通用视图，我们可以使用它来简化我们的views.py

model类  url路径  一样

from rest_framework import mixins
from rest_framework import generics

class BookViewSet(generics.ListCreateAPIView):

    queryset = Book.objects.all()
    serializer_class = BookSerializers

class BookDetailViewSet(generics.RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView):
    queryset = Book.objects.all()
    serializer_class = BookSerializers

class PublishViewSet(generics.ListCreateAPIView):

    queryset = Publish.objects.all()
    serializer_class = PublshSerializers

class PublishDetailViewSet(generics.RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView):
    queryset = Publish.objects.all()
    serializer_class = PublshSerializers

from rest_framework import serializers

from app01.models import *
# 为queryset,model对象做序列化
class PublishSerializers(serializers.Serializer):
    name = serializers.CharField()
    email = serializers.CharField()


class PublishModelSerializers(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model=Publish
        fields="__all__"




# class BookSerializers(serializers.Serializer):
#     title = serializers.CharField(max_length=32)
#     price = serializers.IntegerField()
#     pub_date = serializers.DateField()
#     publish=serializers.CharField(source="publish.name")
#     #authors=serializers.CharField(source="authors.all")
#     authors = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
#     def get_authors(self,obj):
#         temp=[]
#         for obj in obj.authors.all():
#             temp.append(obj.name)
#         return temp

'''
序列化BookSerializers(book_list,many=True)过程：
     temp=[]
     for obj in book_list:
         temp.append({
            "title":obj.title,
            "price":obj.price,
            "pub_date":obj.pub_date,
            "publish":str(obj.publish), # obj.publish.name
            #"authors":obj.authors.all,
            "authors": get_authors(obj)
         })

'''

 BookSerializers
class BookModelSerializers(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Book
        fields = "__all__"

    #publish=serializers.CharField(source="publish.pk")
    publish=serializers.HyperlinkedIdentityField(
            view_name="detailpublish",
            lookup_field="publish_id",
            lookup_url_kwarg="pk",

    )


    # authors=serializers.CharField(source="authors.all")
    # authors = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
    # def get_authors(self,obj):
    #     temp=[]
    #     for obj in obj.authors.all():
    #         temp.append(obj.name)
    #     return temp

    def create(self, validated_data):
        print("validated_data",validated_data)
        book=Book.objects.create(title=validated_data["title"],price=validated_data["price"],pub_date=validated_data["pub_date"],
        publish_id=validated_data["publish"]["pk"])
        book.authors.add(*validated_data["authors"])

        return book


class AuthorModelSerializers(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Author
        fields = "__all__"

5. viewsets.ModelViewSet(方式四)

url(r'^books/$', views.BookViewSet.as_view({"get":"list","post":"create"}),name="book_list"),
    url(r'^books/(?P<pk>d+)$', views.BookViewSet.as_view({
                'get': 'retrieve',
                'put': 'update',
                'patch': 'partial_update',
                'delete': 'destroy'
            }),name="book_detail"),

viwes

序列化
BookSerializers
class BookModelSerializers(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = Book
fields = "__all__"


class BookViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    queryset = Book.objects.all()
    serializer_class = BookSerializers

viwes.py

from rest_framework import viewsets

from myapp.utils import TokenAut

class AuthorModelView(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    authentication_classes = [TokenAuth,]
    permission_classes = []
    throttle_classes = []# 限制某个IP每分钟访问次数不能超过20次
    queryset = Author.objects.all()
    serializer_class = AuthorModelSerializers

utils.py

from rest_framework import exceptions
from rest_framework.authentication import BaseAuthentication
from .models import *
class TokenAuth(BaseAuthentication):
    def authenticate(self,request):
        token = request.GET.get("token")
        token_obj = Token.objects.filter(token=token).first()
        if not token_obj:
            raise exceptions.AuthenticationFailed("验证失败123!")
        else:
            return token_obj.user.name,token_obj.token

    url(r'^authors/$', views.AuthorModelView.as_view({"get":"list","post":"create"}),name="author"),
    url(r'^authors/(?P<pk>d+)/$', views.AuthorModelView.as_view({"get":"retrieve","put":"update","delete":"destroy"}),name="detailauthor"),

序列化

class AuthorModelSerializers(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Author
        fields = "__all__"

上面所有序列化

# by luffycity.com

from rest_framework import serializers

from app01.models import *
# 为queryset,model对象做序列化
class PublishSerializers(serializers.Serializer):
    name = serializers.CharField()
    email = serializers.CharField()


class PublishModelSerializers(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model=Publish
        fields="__all__"




# class BookSerializers(serializers.Serializer):
#     title = serializers.CharField(max_length=32)
#     price = serializers.IntegerField()
#     pub_date = serializers.DateField()
#     publish=serializers.CharField(source="publish.name")
#     #authors=serializers.CharField(source="authors.all")
#     authors = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
#     def get_authors(self,obj):
#         temp=[]
#         for obj in obj.authors.all():
#             temp.append(obj.name)
#         return temp

'''
序列化BookSerializers(book_list,many=True)过程：
     temp=[]
     for obj in book_list:
         temp.append({
            "title":obj.title,
            "price":obj.price,
            "pub_date":obj.pub_date,
            "publish":str(obj.publish), # obj.publish.name
            #"authors":obj.authors.all,
            "authors": get_authors(obj)
         })

'''


class BookModelSerializers(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Book
        fields = "__all__"

    #publish=serializers.CharField(source="publish.pk")
    publish=serializers.HyperlinkedIdentityField(
            view_name="detailpublish",
            lookup_field="publish_id",
            lookup_url_kwarg="pk",

    )

    # authors=serializers.CharField(source="authors.all")
    # authors = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
    # def get_authors(self,obj):
    #     temp=[]
    #     for obj in obj.authors.all():
    #         temp.append(obj.name)
    #     return temp

    def create(self, validated_data):
        print("validated_data",validated_data)
        book=Book.objects.create(title=validated_data["title"],price=validated_data["price"],pub_date=validated_data["pub_date"],publish_id=validated_data["publish"]["pk"])
        book.authors.add(*validated_data["authors"])

        return book


class AuthorModelSerializers(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Author
        fields = "__all__"

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/lovershowtime/p/11645537.html