/*
正则表达式:一个指定的模式用来对文本中的字符串提供精确且灵活的匹配
*/
#include <regex>
using namespace std;
int main() {
string str;
while (true) {
cin >> str;
//regex e("abc.", regex_constants::icase); // . 表示除了换行符之外任意字符
//regex e("abc?"); // ? 0个或者1个前面的字符
//regex e("abc*"); // * 0个或多个前面的字符
//regex e("abc+"); // + 1个或多个前面的字符
//regex e("ab[cd]*"); // [...] 方括号中任意字符
//regex e("ab[^cd]*"); // [^...] 任意不在方括号中的字符
//regex e("ab[cd]{3,5}");
//regex e("abc|de[]fg]"); // | 或者
//regex e("(abc)de+\1"); // 1 第1个子串
//regex e("(ab)c(de+)\2\1");
//regex e("[[:w:]]+@[[:w:]]+.com"); // [[:w:]] :字母,数字,下划线
//regex e("abc.$"); // $ 行尾
regex e("^abc.+", regex_constants::grep); // ^ 行首,切换正则表达式语法
//bool match = regex_match(str, e); //str和e精确匹配
bool match = regex_search(str, e); //str中中包含e
cout << (match? "Matched" : "Not matched") << endl << endl;
}
}
/*
正则表达式语法:
ECMAScript //C++默认
basic
extended
awk
grep
egrep
regex e("^abc.+", regex_constants::grep); // 切换语法
*/
/*************** 处理子表达式 *****************/
/*
std::match_results<> 储存详细的匹配Store the detailed matches
smatch string类型的详细的匹配Detailed match in string
smatch m;
m[0].str() 整个匹配的字符串 (同m.str(), m.str(0))
m[1].str() 第1个子串(同m.str(1))
m[2].str() 第2个子串
m.prefix() 所有匹配字符串之前的部分
m.suffix() 所有匹配字符串之后的部分
*/
int main() {
string str;
while (true) {
cin >> str;
smatch m; // typedef std::match_results<string>
regex e("([[:w:]]+)@([[:w:]]+).com");
bool found = regex_search(str, m, e); //只返回第一个匹配
cout << "m.size() " << m.size() << endl; //size()==子匹配个数+1
for (int n = 0; n< m.size(); n++) {
cout << "m[" << n << "]: str()=" << m[n].str() << endl;
cout << "m[" << n << "]: str()=" << m.str(n) << endl;
cout << "m[" << n << "]: str()=" << *(m.begin()+n) << endl;
}
cout << "m.prefix().str(): " << m.prefix().str() << endl;
cout << "m.suffix().str(): " << m.suffix().str() << endl;
}
}
// 多个匹配的情况
/**************** Regex Iterator ******************/
int main() {
cout << "Hi" << endl;
string str;
while (true) {
cin >> str;
regex e("([[:w:]]+)@([[:w:]]+).com");
sregex_iterator pos(str.cbegin(), str.cend(), e);
sregex_iterator end; // 默认构造定义了past-the-end迭代器
for (; pos!=end; pos++) {
cout << "Matched: " << pos->str(0) << endl;
cout << "user name: " << pos->str(1) << endl;
cout << "Domain: " << pos->str(2) << endl;
cout << endl;
}
cout << "=============================
";
}
}
/**************** Regex Token Iterator ******************/
int main() {
cout << "Hi" << endl;
//string str = "Apple; Orange, {Cherry}; Blueberry";
string str = "boq@yahoo.com, boqian@gmail.com; bo@hotmail.com";
//regex e("[[:punct:]]+"); // 空格,数字,字母以外的可打印字符
//regex e("[ [:punct:]]+");
regex e("([[:w:]]+)@([[:w:]]+).com");
sregex_token_iterator pos(str.cbegin(), str.cend(), e, 0); //最后一个参数指定打印匹配结果的哪一部分,0表达整个匹配字符串,1表示第1个子串,-1表示没有匹配的部分
sregex_token_iterator end; // 默认构造定义了past-the-end迭代器
for (; pos!=end; pos++) {
cout << "Matched: " << *pos << endl;
}
cout << "=============================
";
cin >> str;
}
/**************** regex_replace ******************/
// 将匹配的字符串部分替换
int main() {
cout << "Hi" << endl;
string str = "boq@yahoo.com, boqian@gmail.com; bo@hotmail.com";
regex e("([[:w:]]+)@([[:w:]]+).com");
regex e("([[:w:]]+)@([[:w:]]+).com", regex_constants::grep|regex_constants::icase );
//cout << regex_replace(str, e, "$1 is on $2");
cout << regex_replace(str, e, "$1 is on $2", regex_constants::format_no_copy|regex_constants::format_first_only);//format_no_copy不匹配的字符部分不拷贝到新串,只匹配第一个
cout << regex_replace(str, e, "$1 is on $2"); // $1表示第一个子串
std::cin >> str;
}