• Spring注解


    注解方式可以简化spring的IOC容器的配置!

    使用注解步骤:

             1)先引入context名称空间

                       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

             2)开启注解扫描

                       <context:component-scan base-package="com.loaderman.e_anno2"></context:component-scan>

             3)使用注解

                       通过注解的方式,把对象加入ioc容器。

                创建对象以及处理对象依赖关系,相关的注解:

                       @Component   指定把一个对象加入IOC容器

    @Repository   作用同@Component; 在持久层使用

    @Service      作用同@Component; 在业务逻辑层使用

    @Controller    作用同@Component; 在控制层使用

    @Resource     属性注入

    总结:

             1) 使用注解,可以简化配置,且可以把对象加入IOC容器,及处理依赖关系(DI)
             2) 注解可以和XML配置一起使用。


    package loaderman.e_anno;
    
    
    import org.junit.Test;
    import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
    import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
    public class App {
    
        // 创建容器对象
        private ApplicationContext ac =
                new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("loaderman/e_anno/bean.xml");
    
        @Test
        public void testExecuteAction() {
            // 从容器中获取Action
            UserAction userAction = (UserAction) ac.getBean("userAction");
            userAction.execute();
        }
    }
    package loaderman.e_anno;
    
    import javax.annotation.Resource;
    
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    @Component("userAction")  // 加入IOC容器
    public class UserAction {
    
        @Resource(name = "userService")
        private UserService userService;
    
        public void setUserService(UserService userService) {
            this.userService = userService;
        }
    
    
        public String execute() {
            userService.save();
            return null;
        }
    }
    package loaderman.e_anno;
    
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    
    // 把当前对象加入ioc容器
    @Component("userDao")   //  相当于bean.xml 【<bean id=userDao class=".." />】
    public class UserDao {
    
        public void save() {
            System.out.println("DB:保存用户!!!");
        }
    }
    package loaderman.e_anno;
    
    import javax.annotation.Resource;
    
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    @Component("userService")  // userService加入ioc容器
    public class UserService {
    
        // 会从IOC容器中找userDao对象,注入到当前字段
        /*
         * <bean id="" class="">
         *      <property name="userDao" ref="userDao" />    @Resource相当于这里的配置
         * </bean>
         */
    
        @Resource(name = "userDao")
        private UserDao userDao;
    
        public void setUserDao(UserDao userDao) {
            this.userDao = userDao;
        }
    
        public void save() {
            userDao.save();
        }
    }
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
        xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
        xsi:schemaLocation="
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
        
        <!-- 开启注解扫描 -->
        <context:component-scan base-package="loaderman.e_anno"></context:component-scan>
    </beans>      
    


    package loaderman.e_anno2;
    
    
    import org.junit.Test;
    import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
    import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
    
    public class App {
    
        // 创建容器对象
        private ApplicationContext ac =
                new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("loaderman/e_anno2/bean.xml");
    
        @Test
        public void testExecuteAction() {
            // 从容器中获取Action
            UserAction userAction = (UserAction) ac.getBean("userAction");
            userAction.execute();
        }
    }
    package loaderman.e_anno2;
    
    import javax.annotation.Resource;
    
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
    
    //@Component("userAction")  // 加入IOC容器
    
    //@Component
    
    @Controller  // 控制层的组件
    public class UserAction {
    
        @Resource
        private UserService userService;
    
        public String execute() {
            userService.save();
            return null;
        }
    }
    package loaderman.e_anno2;
    
    // 把当前对象加入ioc容器
    //@Component("userDao")   //  相当于bean.xml 【<bean id=userDao class=".." />】
    
    //@Component  // 加入ioc容器的UserDao对象的引用名称, 默认与类名一样, 且第一个字母小写
    
    //@Repository   // 在持久层可以选择用这个注解
    public class UserDao {
    
        public UserDao(){
            System.out.println("UserDao.UserDao()");
        }
    
        public UserDao(int id){
            System.out.println("UserDao.UserDao(int id)" + id);
        }
    
        public void save() {
            System.out.println("DB:保存用户!!!");
        }
    }
    package loaderman.e_anno2;
    
    import javax.annotation.Resource;
    
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
    
    //@Component("userService")  // userService加入ioc容器
    
    //@Component
    
    @Service   // 表示业务逻辑层的组件
    public class UserService {
    
    //    @Resource                    //  根据类型查找 【在容器中要确保该类型只有一个变量】
    
        @Resource(name = "userDao")  // 根据名称查找
        private UserDao userDao;  // 去容器中招UserDao类型的变量,找到后就赋值
    
        public void save() {
            userDao.save();
        }
    }
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
        xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
        xsi:schemaLocation="
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">  
        <!-- 开启注解扫描 -->
        <context:component-scan base-package="loaderman.e_anno2"></context:component-scan>  
        <bean id="userDao" class="loaderman.e_anno2.UserDao" scope="prototype">
        </bean>  
    </beans>      
    
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/loaderman/p/10039532.html
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