概述
1) Get/load主键查询
2) 对象导航查询
3) HQL查询, Hibernate Query language hibernate 提供的面向对象的查询语言。
4) Criteria 查询, 完全面向对象的查询(Query By Criteria ,QBC)
5) SQLQuery, 本地SQL查询
缺点:不能跨数据库平台: 如果该了数据库,sql语句有肯能要改
使用场景: 对于复杂sql,hql实现不了的情况,可以使用本地sql查询。
package loaderman.a_query; import org.hibernate.Criteria; import org.hibernate.SQLQuery; import org.hibernate.SessionFactory; import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration; import org.hibernate.classic.Session; import org.hibernate.criterion.Restrictions; import org.junit.Test; public class App_criteria { private static SessionFactory sf; static { sf = new Configuration() .configure() .addClass(Dept.class) .addClass(Employee.class) // 测试时候使用 .buildSessionFactory(); } /* * 1) Get/load主键查询 2) 对象导航查询 3) HQL查询, Hibernate Query language hibernate 提供的面向对象的查询语言。 4) Criteria 查询, 完全面向对象的查询(Query By Criteria ,QBC) 5) SQLQuery, 本地SQL查询 */ //4) Criteria 查询, @Test public void criteria() { Session session = sf.openSession(); session.beginTransaction(); Criteria criteria = session.createCriteria(Employee.class); // 构建条件 criteria.add(Restrictions.eq("empId", 12)); // criteria.add(Restrictions.idEq(12)); // 主键查询 System.out.println(criteria.list()); session.getTransaction().commit(); session.close(); } // 5) SQLQuery, 本地SQL查询 // 不能跨数据库平台: 如果该了数据库,sql语句有肯能要改。 @Test public void sql() { Session session = sf.openSession(); session.beginTransaction(); SQLQuery q = session.createSQLQuery("SELECT * FROM t_Dept limit 5;") .addEntity(Dept.class); // 也可以自动封装 System.out.println(q.list()); session.getTransaction().commit(); session.close(); } }
package loaderman.a_query; import java.util.List; import org.hibernate.Query; import org.hibernate.SessionFactory; import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration; import org.hibernate.classic.Session; import org.junit.Test; public class App_hql { private static SessionFactory sf; static { sf = new Configuration() .configure() .addClass(Dept.class) .addClass(Employee.class) // 测试时候使用 .buildSessionFactory(); } /* * 1) Get/load主键查询 2) 对象导航查询 3) HQL查询, Hibernate Query language hibernate 提供的面向对象的查询语言。 4) Criteria 查询, 完全面向对象的查询(Query By Criteria ,QBC) 5) SQLQuery, 本地SQL查询 */ @Test public void all() { Session session = sf.openSession(); session.beginTransaction(); //1) 主键查询 // Dept dept = (Dept) session.get(Dept.class, 12); // Dept dept = (Dept) session.load(Dept.class, 12); //2) 对象导航查询 // Dept dept = (Dept) session.get(Dept.class, 12); // System.out.println(dept.getDeptName()); // System.out.println(dept.getEmps()); // 3) HQL查询 // 注意:使用hql查询的时候 auto-import="true" 要设置true, // 如果是false,写hql的时候,要指定类的全名 // Query q = session.createQuery("from Dept"); // System.out.println(q.list()); // a. 查询全部列 // Query q = session.createQuery("from Dept"); //OK // Query q = session.createQuery("select * from Dept"); //NOK, 错误,不支持* // Query q = session.createQuery("select d from Dept d"); // OK // System.out.println(q.list()); // b. 查询指定的列 【返回对象数据Object[] 】 // Query q = session.createQuery("select d.deptId,d.deptName from Dept d"); // System.out.println(q.list()); // c. 查询指定的列, 自动封装为对象 【必须要提供带参数构造器】 // Query q = session.createQuery("select new Dept(d.deptId,d.deptName) from Dept d"); // System.out.println(q.list()); // d. 条件查询: 一个条件/多个条件and or/between and/模糊查询 // 条件查询: 占位符 // Query q = session.createQuery("from Dept d where deptName=?"); // q.setString(0, "财务部"); // q.setParameter(0, "财务部"); // System.out.println(q.list()); // 条件查询: 命名参数 // Query q = session.createQuery("from Dept d where deptId=:myId or deptName=:name"); // q.setParameter("myId", 12); // q.setParameter("name", "财务部"); // System.out.println(q.list()); // 范围 // Query q = session.createQuery("from Dept d where deptId between ? and ?"); // q.setParameter(0, 1); // q.setParameter(1, 20); // System.out.println(q.list()); // 模糊 // Query q = session.createQuery("from Dept d where deptName like ?"); // q.setString(0, "%部%"); // System.out.println(q.list()); // e. 聚合函数统计 // Query q = session.createQuery("select count(*) from Dept"); // Long num = (Long) q.uniqueResult(); // System.out.println(num); // f. 分组查询 //-- 统计t_employee表中,每个部门的人数 //数据库写法:SELECT dept_id,COUNT(*) FROM t_employee GROUP BY dept_id; // HQL写法 // Query q = session.createQuery("select e.dept, count(*) from Employee e group by e.dept"); // System.out.println(q.list()); session.getTransaction().commit(); session.close(); } // g. 连接查询 @Test public void join() { Session session = sf.openSession(); session.beginTransaction(); //1) 内连接 【映射已经配置好了关系,关联的时候,直接写对象的属性即可】 // Query q = session.createQuery("from Dept d inner join d.emps"); //2) 左外连接 // Query q = session.createQuery("from Dept d left join d.emps"); //3) 右外连接 Query q = session.createQuery("from Employee e right join e.dept"); q.list(); session.getTransaction().commit(); session.close(); } // g. 连接查询 - 迫切连接 @Test public void fetch() { Session session = sf.openSession(); session.beginTransaction(); //1) 迫切内连接 【使用fetch, 会把右表的数据,填充到左表对象中!】 // Query q = session.createQuery("from Dept d inner join fetch d.emps"); // q.list(); //2) 迫切左外连接 Query q = session.createQuery("from Dept d left join fetch d.emps"); q.list(); session.getTransaction().commit(); session.close(); } // HQL查询优化 @Test public void hql_other() { Session session = sf.openSession(); session.beginTransaction(); // HQL写死 // Query q = session.createQuery("from Dept d where deptId < 10 "); // HQL 放到映射文件中 Query q = session.getNamedQuery("getAllDept"); q.setParameter(0, 10); System.out.println(q.list()); session.getTransaction().commit(); session.close(); } }
package loaderman.a_query; import java.util.List; import org.hibernate.Criteria; import org.hibernate.Query; import org.hibernate.ScrollableResults; import org.hibernate.SessionFactory; import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration; import org.hibernate.classic.Session; import org.junit.Test; import com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource; public class App_page { private static SessionFactory sf; static { sf = new Configuration() .configure() .addClass(Dept.class) .addClass(Employee.class) // 测试时候使用 .buildSessionFactory(); } // 分页查询 @Test public void all() { Session session = sf.openSession(); session.beginTransaction(); Query q = session.createQuery("from Employee"); // 从记录数 ScrollableResults scroll = q.scroll(); // 得到滚动的结果集 scroll.last(); // 滚动到最后一行 int totalCount = scroll.getRowNumber() + 1;// 得到滚到的记录数,即总记录数 // 设置分页参数 q.setFirstResult(0); q.setMaxResults(3); // 查询 System.out.println(q.list()); System.out.println("总记录数:" + totalCount); session.getTransaction().commit(); session.close(); } }
package loaderman.a_query; import java.util.HashSet; import java.util.Set; public class Dept { private int deptId; private String deptName; // 【一对多】 部门对应的多个员工 private Set<Employee> emps = new HashSet<Employee>(); public Dept(int deptId, String deptName) { super(); this.deptId = deptId; this.deptName = deptName; } public Dept() { super(); } public int getDeptId() { return deptId; } public void setDeptId(int deptId) { this.deptId = deptId; } public String getDeptName() { return deptName; } public void setDeptName(String deptName) { this.deptName = deptName; } public Set<Employee> getEmps() { return emps; } public void setEmps(Set<Employee> emps) { this.emps = emps; } }
package loaderman.a_query; public class Employee { private int empId; private String empName; private double salary; // 【多对一】员工与部门 private Dept dept;; public int getEmpId() { return empId; } public void setEmpId(int empId) { this.empId = empId; } public String getEmpName() { return empName; } public void setEmpName(String empName) { this.empName = empName; } public double getSalary() { return salary; } public void setSalary(double salary) { this.salary = salary; } public Dept getDept() { return dept; } public void setDept(Dept dept) { this.dept = dept; } }
<?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-mapping package="loaderman.a_query"> <class name="Employee" table="t_employee"> <id name="empId"> <generator class="native"></generator> </id> <property name="empName" length="20"></property> <property name="salary" type="double"></property> <many-to-one name="dept" column="dept_id" class="Dept"></many-to-one> </class> </hibernate-mapping>
<?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-mapping package="loaderman.a_query" > <class name="Dept" table="t_dept" > <id name="deptId"> <generator class="native"></generator> </id> <property name="deptName" length="20"></property> <set name="emps"> <key column="dept_id"></key> <one-to-many class="Employee"/> </set> </class> <!-- 存放sql语句 --> <query name="getAllDept"> <![CDATA[ from Dept d where deptId < ? ]]> </query> </hibernate-mapping>