This tutorial will explain how to install Oracle Database 12c R2 in openSUSE 12.
Requirements
You will need the following:
- openSUSE 12（Leap 42.3 ）-> Install openSUSE virtual machine with VirtualBox
- Oracle 12c R2 database installation file -> linuxx64_12201_database.zip
Steps
- Install libraries
- Set hostname and domain
- Create groups and users
- Grant oracle user access to X server
- Configuring Kernel Parameters and Resource Limits
- Create directory for Oracle Database
- Install Oracle Database
- Configuration of Oracle Listener
- Configuration of Oracle Database
- Create user for database
- Create table for database
- Connect to Oracle database with SQL Developer
- Start database when server is restarted
Install libraries
According to Supported SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 in Oracle documentation, install the following libraries by using YaST or zypper command:
bc
binutils-2.24-2.165.x86_64
gcc-c++-32bit-4.8-6.189.x86_64
gcc-c++-4.8-6.189.x86_64
gcc48-c++-4.8.3+r212056-6.3.x86_64
gcc-32bit-4.8-6.189.x86_64
gcc-4.8-6.189.x86_64
gcc-info-4.8-6.189.x86_64
gcc-locale-4.8-6.189.x86_64
gcc48-32bit-4.8.3+r212056-6.3.x86_64
gcc48-4.8.3+r212056-6.3.x86_64
gcc48-info-4.8.3+r212056-6.3.noarch
gcc48-locale-4.8.3+r212056-6.3.x86_64
glibc-2.19-17.72.x86_64
glibc-devel-2.19-17.72.x86_64
libaio-devel-0.3.109-17.15.x86_64
libaio1-0.3.109-17.15.x86_64
libaio1-32bit-0.3.109-17.15.x86_64
libgfortran3-4.8.3+r212056-6.3.x86_64
libX11-6-1.6.2-4.12.x86_64
libX11-6-32bit-1.6.2-4.12.x86_64
libXau6-1.0.8-4.58.x86_64
libXau6-32bit-1.0.8-4.58.x86_64
libXtst6-1.2.2-3.60.x86_64
libXtst6-32bit-1.2.1-2.4.1.x86_64
libcap-ng-utils-0.7.3-4.125.x86_64
libcap-ng0-0.7.3-4.125.x86_64
libcap-ng0-32bit-0.7.3-4.125.x86_64
libcap-progs-2.22-11.709.x86_64
libcap1-1.10-59.61.x86_64
libcap1-32bit-1.10-59.61.x86_64
libcap2-2.22-11.709.x86_64
libcap2-32bit-2.22-11.709.x86_64
libgcc_s1-32bit-4.8.3+r212056-6.3.x86_64
libgcc_s1-4.8.3+r212056-6.3.x86_64
libpcap1-1.5.3-2.18.x86_64
libstdc++6-32bit-4.8.3+r212056-6.3.x86_64
libstdc++6-4.8.3+r212056-6.3.x86_64
make-4.0-2.107.x86_64
mksh-50-2.13.x86_64
net-tools-1.60-764.185.x86_64 (for Oracle RAC and Oracle Clusterware)
nfs-kernel-server-1.3.0-6.9.x86_64 (for Oracle ACFS)
smartmontools-6.2-4.33.x86_64
sysstat-8.1.5-7.32.1.x86_64
xorg-x11-libs-7.6-45.14
Additional software requirements:
unixODBC-2.2.12
unixODBC-devel-2.2.12
unixODBC-32bit-2.2.12 (32-bit)
Set hostname and domain
Files /etc/hostname and /etc/hosts will be modified to resolve the following:
- Hostname -> oracle12cr2
- Domain -> dalanzg.com
More information in Setting hostname and domain in openSUSE.
dlanza@oracle12cr2:~> hostname
oracle12cr2
dlanza@oracle12cr2:~> hostname --fqdn
oracle12cr2.dalanzg.com
Create groups and users
Create oinstall, dba and oper groups.
dlanza@oracle12cr2:~> sudo groupadd oinstall
dlanza@oracle12cr2:~> sudo groupadd dba
dlanza@oracle12cr2:~> sudo groupadd oper
Create oracle user, and add it to oinstall as primary group, and dba and oper groups.
dlanza@oracle12cr2:~> sudo useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper -d /home/oracle oracle
dlanza@oracle12cr2:~> sudo passwd oracle
New password:
dlanza@oracle12cr2:~> sudo mkhomedir_helper oracle
Modify .bash_profile for oracle user.
dlanza@oracle12cr2:~> sudo su - oracle
oracle@oracle12cr2:~> vim .profile
export TMP=/tmp
export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oracle12cr2.dalanzg.com
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=orcl
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.2.0/db_1
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib;
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib;
Grant oracle user access to X server
Verify if access control for X server is enabled, and grant oracle user access.
dlanza@oracle12cr2:~> xhost
access control enabled, only authorized clients can connect
dlanza@oracle12cr2:~> xhost +SI:localuser:oracle
localuser:oracle being added to access control list
dlanza@oracle12cr2:~> xhost
access control enabled, only authorized clients can connect
SI:localuser:oracle
Verify that oracle user can run X11 apps. In this case, use xclock app to check it out. Install it by using YaST or zypper command in case of not having it.
First, set $DISPLAY variable, and run xclock with oracle user. If the app was launched, oracle user can run X11 apps.
dlanza@oracle12cr2:~> sudo su - oracle
oracle@oracle12cr2:~> DISPLAY=:0.0; export DISPLAY
oracle@oracle12cr2:~> xclock
xclock app with oracle user
Configuring Kernel Parameters and Resource Limits
Add the following Kernel parameters in /etc/sysctl.conf file.
oracle@oracle12cr2:~> sudo vim /etc/sysctl.conf
####
#
# /etc/sysctl.conf is meant for local sysctl settings
#
# sysctl reads settings from the following locations:
# /boot/sysctl.conf-<kernelversion>
# /lib/sysctl.d/*.conf
# /usr/lib/sysctl.d/*.conf
# /usr/local/lib/sysctl.d/*.conf
# /etc/sysctl.d/*.conf
# /run/sysctl.d/*.conf
# /etc/sysctl.conf
#
# To disable or override a distribution provided file just place a
# file with the same name in /etc/sysctl.d/
#
# See sysctl.conf(5), sysctl.d(5) and sysctl(8) for more information
#
####
#Oracle
fs.suid_dumpable = 1
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 536870912
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 4194304
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048586And load them by running the following command:
oracle@oracle12cr2:~> sudo sysctl -p
fs.suid_dumpable = 1
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152 //根据实际情况修改
kernel.shmmax = 536870912 //根据实际情况修改
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 4194304
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048586
Next, set the resource limits in /etc/security/limits.conf file.
oracle@oracle12cr2:~> sudo vim /etc/security/limits.conf
#...
# harden against fork-bombs
* hard nproc 16384
* soft nproc 4096
# End of file
#Oracle
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 10240
oracle hard stack 32768
And add the following in /etc/pam.d/login file.
oracle@oracle12cr2:~> sudo vim /etc/pam.d/login
#%PAM-1.0
auth requisite pam_nologin.so
auth include common-auth
account include common-account
password include common-password
session required pam_loginuid.so
session include common-session
#session optional pam_lastlog.so nowtmp showfailed
session optional pam_mail.so standard
#Oracle
session required pam_limits.so
Create directory for Oracle Database
Create the directory for Oracle Software and set permission for oracle user and oinstall group.
dlanza@oracle12cr2:~> sudo mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1
dlanza@oracle12cr2:~> sudo chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01
Install Oracle Database
Unzip linuxx64_12201_database.zip file. Then, set DISPLAY variable if it was not done before (DISPLAY=:0.0), and run the installer.
oracle@oracle12cr2:~> unzip linuxx64_12201_database.zip
oracle@oracle12cr2:~> DISPLAY=:0.0; export DISPLAY
oracle@oracle12cr2:~/database> ./runInstaller
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...
Checking Temp space: must be greater than 500 MB. Actual 51372 MB Passed
Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB. Actual 2053 MB Passed
Checking monitor: must be configured to display at least 256 colors. Actual 16777216 Passed
Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2018-03-02_08-30-43PM. Please wait ...
A GUI will be launched with a warning, since Oracle Database does not support openSUSE. Ignore it and continue.
Warning about Oracle Database does not support openSUSE
Configure Security Updates if you have an oracle emails support. If not, leave it empty, and ignore the warning.
Configure Security Support
Ignore email address for support
Install database software.
Install database software
Select single instance database.
Single instance database
Select Enterprise Edition
Select Enterprise Edition
Oracle base and Oracle home is read from ORACLE_BASE and ORACLE_HOME variables. Click next.
Oracle base and home path
Inventory directory and group name by default.
Inventory directory and group name
Administrator and operator group names by default.
Administrator and operator group names
Summary and click Install.
Summary of installation
The installation process will started.
Progress of installation
While the installation process, you will be asked to execute configuration scripts with root user. Login with root user and execute them.
Execute configuration scripts
dlanza@oracle12cr2:~> sudo su
[sudo] password for root:
oracle12cr2:/home/dlanza # /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of /u01/app/oraInventory.
Adding read,write permissions for group.
Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.
Changing groupname of /u01/app/oraInventory to oinstall.
The execution of the script is complete.
oracle12cr2:/home/dlanza # /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/root.sh
Performing root user operation.
The following environment variables are set as:
ORACLE_OWNER= oracle
ORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1
Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:
Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...
Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Creating /etc/oratab file...
Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
Do you want to setup Oracle Trace File Analyzer (TFA) now ? yes|[no] :
yes
Installing Oracle Trace File Analyzer (TFA).
Log File: /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/install/root_oracle12cr2_2018-03-02_21-04-58-795554185.log
Finished installing Oracle Trace File Analyzer (TFA)
Then, press OK and continue.
The installation of Oracle Database was successful.
Finish
Configuration of Oracle Listener
Run the command netca with oracle user to launch the configuration of Oracle Listener.
oracle@oracle12cr2:~> DISPLAY=:0.0; export DISPLAY
oracle@oracle12cr2:~> netca
Oracle Net Services Configuration:
A GUI will be launched. Select Listener Configuration and click on Next.
Oracle Net Services Configuration
Add a new listener.
Add a new listener
Listener names and protocols by default.
Listener name
Listener protocols
Listener port by default.
Listener port
And select no more listeners.
No more listeners
Listener configuration complete.
No more listeners
Configuring Listener:LISTENER
Listener configuration complete.
Oracle Net Listener Startup:
Running Listener Control:
/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/bin/lsnrctl start LISTENER
Listener Control complete.
Listener started successfully.
Finish and exit.
Finish listener
Configuration of Oracle Database
Run the command dbca with oracle user to launch the configuration of Oracle Database.
oracle@oracle12cr2:~> DISPLAY=:0.0: export DISPLAY
oracle@oracle12cr2:~> dbca
Create database.
Create database
Typical configuration of database. Type the Global Database Name. Be in mind that it will be the SID followed by the domain (orcl.dalanzg.com)
Typical configuration of database
Summary of creation database.
Summary of creation database
Progress of creation database.
Progress of creation database
Finish of creation database.
Finish of creation database
Change password of SYSTEM and SYS users in Password management.
Password management
Verify connection to the database with the client sqlplus.
oracle@oracle12cr2:~> sqlplus
SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Sat Mar 3 16:25:56 2018
Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Enter user-name: sys / as sysdba
Enter password:
Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
Create user for database
Connect again with sqlplus. Create a user for the database and grant privileges to create session and to create tables.
oracle@oracle12cr2:~> sqlplus
SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Sat Mar 3 16:25:56 2018
Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Enter user-name: sys / as sysdba
Enter password:
Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
SQL> CREATE USER dalanzg
2 identified by dalanzg
3 default tablespace users
4 temporary tablespace temp
5 quota 20m on users
6 profile default;
User created.
SQL> GRANT CREATE SESSION TO dalanzg;
Grant succeeded.
SQL> GRANT RESOURCE TO dalanzg;
Grant succeeded.
SQL> conn dalanzg/dalanzg@orcl
Connected.
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
Create table for database
Create a table with the user created, and insert values.
oracle@oracle12cr2:~> sqlplus
SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Sat Mar 3 16:25:56 2018
Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Enter user-name: dalanzg
Enter password:
Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
SQL> CREATE TABLE Test
2 (
3 ID_Test number(10) NOT NULL,
4 DESC_Test varchar(32),
5 CONSTRAINT Test_pk PRIMARY KEY (ID_Test)
6 );
Table created.
SQL> INSERT INTO Test
2 (ID_Test, DESC_Test)
3 VALUES
4 (1, 'This is a test');
1 row created.
SQL> SELECT * FROM Test;
ID_TEST DESC_TEST
---------- --------------------------------
1 This is a test
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
Connect to Oracle database with SQL Developer
Launch SQL Developer, type connection details and look for the table created before.
SQL Developer connection
Table data in SQL Developer
Start database when server is restarted
If the machine was restarted, the listener and the database need to be started.
Start the listener with the following command:
oracle@oracle12cr2:~> lsnrctl start
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on 04-MAR-2018 12:08:29
Copyright (c) 1991, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/oracle12cr2/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oracle12cr2.dalanzg.com)(PORT=1521)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=oracle12cr2.dalanzg.com)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date 04-MAR-2018 12:08:31
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 1 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/oracle12cr2/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oracle12cr2.dalanzg.com)(PORT=1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully
And start the Database.
oracle@oracle12cr2:~> sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Sun Mar 4 12:15:12 2018
Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1660944384 bytes
Fixed Size 8621376 bytes
Variable Size 1056965312 bytes
Database Buffers 587202560 bytes
Redo Buffers 8155136 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
附录：ORACLE12c静默安装应答文件
https://files-cdn.cnblogs.com/files/lkj371/12C_12.2.0.1_db.zip
引用：
How to install Oracle 12c R2 in openSUSE (dalanzg.github.io)
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