oracle11g rac RMAN备份恢复至单机

在一节点上进行全备
确定备份路径，并赋予属组

mkdir /rmanbackup
chown oracle:oinsatll /rmanbackup

进入rman进行全备

rman target /
run
{
allocate channel d1 type disk;
backup incremental level 0 format '/rmanbackup/orcl_full_%U' database include current controlfile;
delete noprompt obsolete;
sql 'alter system archive log current';
backup format '/rmanbackup/orcl_arch_full_%U' archivelog all not backed up delete input;
crosscheck backup;
delete noprompt expired backup;
release channel d1;
}

将生成的备份传到单机环境

cd /rmanbackup
scp * oracle@192.168.100.199:/rmanbackup/      (单机上已备好此路径)

创建pfile文件并修改传送到单机环境对应目录下

SQL> create pfile='/rmanbackup/initorcl.ora' from spfile='/u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_home/dbs/spfileorcl1.ora.bak';
vi initorcl.ora
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump'
*.audit_trail='NONE'
*.compatible='11.2.0.4.0'
*.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.dbf'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_create_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/'
*.db_create_online_log_dest_1='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/'
*.db_domain=''
*.db_files=2000
*.db_name='orcl'
*.deferred_segment_creation=FALSE
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)'
*.enable_ddl_logging=TRUE
*.event='28401 TRACE NAME CONTEXT FOREVER, LEVEL 1'
*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/arch'
*.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.dbf'
*.max_dump_file_size='25m'
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=288358400
*.processes=1500
*.remote_login_passwordfile='exclusive'
*.sec_case_sensitive_logon=FALSE
*.sessions=1655
*.sga_max_size=1100m
*.sga_target=1100m
scp initorcl.ora oracle@192.168.100.199://u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/ 

单机环境上
用传过来的pfile生成spfile文件

SQL> create spfile from pfile;
SQL> startup nomount;

恢复控制文件

RMAN> restore controlfile from '/rmanbackup/orcl_full_19ra5tlf_1_1';
RMAN> alter database mount;

检查并标记控制文件中存在，但是实际已经不存在的备份文件。

RMAN>crosscheck backup;

清理控制文件中存在，但是实际已经不存在的备份文件。

RMAN>delete noprompt expired backup;

将备份注册到rman

RMAN>catalog start with '/rmanbackup/' ;    ----注册整个目录 

RMAN> catalog backuppiece '/rmanbackup/orcl_full_19ra5tlf_1_1';
RMAN> catalog backuppiece '/rmanbackup/orcl_full_18ra5tih_1_1';
RMAN> catalog backuppiece '/rmanbackup/orcl_arch_full_1ara5tnb_1_1';

现在我们确定的点到媒介恢复应该恢复数据库上运行。

RMAN> list backup of archivelog all;

修改数据文件 （直接生成执行命令方法）：

select 'set newname  for datafile '||chr(39)||name||chr(39)||' to '||chr(39)||replace(name,'+DATA/orcl/datafile/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/')||chr(39)||';' from v$datafile;

根据备份信息，恢复数据文件及数据库

RMAN> RUN { 
set until sequence 84 thread 1;
SET NEWNAME FOR DATAFILE 1 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system.dbf'; 
SET NEWNAME FOR DATAFILE 2 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux.dbf'; 
SET NEWNAME FOR DATAFILE 3 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs1.dbf'; 
SET NEWNAME FOR DATAFILE 4 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users.dbf'; 
SET NEWNAME FOR DATAFILE 5 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs2.dbf'; 
SET NEWNAME FOR DATAFILE 6 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/huyuwu.dbf'; 
SET NEWNAME FOR DATAFILE 7 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/syd.dbf'; 
SET NEWNAME FOR DATAFILE 8 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/syd2.dbf'; 
SET NEWNAME FOR DATAFILE 9 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/syd1.dbf'; 
SET NEWNAME FOR DATAFILE 10 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/syd3.dbf'; 
SET NEWNAME FOR DATAFILE 11 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/syd4.dbf'; 
RESTORE DATABASE; 
SWITCH DATAFILE ALL; 
recover database;
} 

查看日志文件

SQL> select member from v$logfile;

修改日志文件:

SQL> select 'alter database rename file  '||chr(39)||member||chr(39)||' to '||chr(39)||replace(member,'+DATA/orcl/onlinelog/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/onlinelog/')||chr(39)||';' from v$logfile;

alter database rename file '+DATA/orcl/onlinelog/group_redo06a.log' to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo6_1.log';
alter database rename file '+FRA/orcl/onlinelog/group_redo06b.log' to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo6_2.log';
alter database rename file '+DATA/orcl/onlinelog/redo0001a.log' to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo1_1.log';
alter database rename file '+FRA/orcl/onlinelog/redo0001b.log' to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo1_2.log';
alter database rename file '+DATA/orcl/onlinelog/group_redo02a.log' to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo2_1.log';
alter database rename file '+FRA/orcl/onlinelog/group_redo02b.log' to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo2_2.log';
alter database rename file '+DATA/orcl/onlinelog/redo0003a.log' to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo3_1.log';
alter database rename file '+FRA/orcl/onlinelog/redo0003b.log' to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo3_2.log';
alter database rename file '+DATA/orcl/onlinelog/group_redo04a.log' to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo4_1.log';
alter database rename file '+FRA/orcl/onlinelog/group_redo04b.log' to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo4_2.log';
alter database rename file '+DATA/orcl/onlinelog/redo0005a.log' to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo5_1.log';
alter database rename file '+FRA/orcl/onlinelog/redo0005b.log' to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo5_2.log';
alter database rename file '+FRA/orcl/onlinelog/group_redo07a.log' to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo7_1.log';
alter database rename file '+DATA/orcl/onlinelog/group_redo07b.log' to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo7_2.log';
alter database rename file '+DATA/orcl/onlinelog/redo0008a.log' to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo8_1.log';
alter database rename file '+FRA/orcl/onlinelog/redo0008b.log' to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo8_2.log';

打开数据库

alter database open resetlogs;

查看redo log 信息，并删除无效日志组
查看redo log 信息，并删除无效日志组（节点2日志）

select THREAD#, STATUS, ENABLED from v$thread;
   THREAD# STATUS ENABLED
---------- ------ --------
         1 OPEN   PUBLIC
         2 CLOSED PUBLIC
select group# from v$log where THREAD#=2;    
    GROUP#
----------
         3
         4
         6
         8
SQL> alter database disable thread 2;
SQL> alter database drop logfile group 3；
SQL> alter database drop logfile group 4；
SQL> alter database drop logfile group 6；
SQL> alter database drop logfile group 8；
SQL> select THREAD#, STATUS, ENABLED from v$thread;
   THREAD# STATUS ENABLED
---------- ------ --------
         1 OPEN   PUBLIC

查看undo表空间，并删除节点2（在此不使用）的undo表空间

SQL> sho parameter undo;
NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
undo_management                      string      AUTO
undo_retention                       integer     900
undo_tablespace                      string      UNDOTBS1
SQL> select tablespace_name from dba_tablespaces where contents='UNDO';
TABLESPACE_NAME
------------------------------
UNDOTBS1
UNDOTBS2
SQL> drop tablespace UNDOTBS2 including contents and datafiles;
SQL> select name from v$tempfile;
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_temp_cr602c5z_.tmp
SQL> select tablespace_name from dba_tablespaces where contents='TEMPORARY';
TABLESPACE_NAME
------------------------------
TEMP
SQL> create temporary tablespace TEMP1 tempfile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/temp01.dbf' size 50M;
SQL> alter database default temporary tablespace TEMP1;
SQL> drop tablespace TEMP including contents and datafiles;

查看监听状态并配置，编辑tnsname.ora文件。（mos文档没有）
通过以下命令创建密码文件，注意密码文件的位置（mos文档没有）

[oracle@orc1 dbs]$ orapwd file=orapwracdb1 password=oracle entries=30
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原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/songyundong1993/article/details/52920379