pxe引导gparted live万能分区

pxe 引导gparted live万能分区

官方链接：
http://gparted.sourceforge.net/index.php
http://gparted.sourceforge.net/download.php
http://gparted.sourceforge.net/livepxe.php

参考文档：
http://www.debian-administration.org/article/478/Setting_up_a_server_for_PXE_network_bootinghttp://drbl.sourceforge.net
http://clonezilla.nchc.org.tw/clonezilla-live/livepxe.php
http://clonezilla.nchc.org.tw/clonezilla-live/doc/fine-print.php?path=./99_Misc/00_live-initramfs-manual.doc#00_live-initramfs-manual.doc


一. 简介：

GParted is a free partition editor for graphically managing your disk partitions.

With GParted you can resize, copy, and move partitions without data loss, enabling you to:

• Grow or shrink your C: drive
• Create space for new operating systems
• Attempt data rescue from lost partitions

Discover More

• Learn why partition your disk device.
• Explore the documentation and FAQ.
• Get help with disk partitioning.
• View screenshots of GParted in action.

Features

• Perform actions with partitions such as:
  • create or delete
  • resize or move
  • check
  • label
  • set new UUID
  • copy and paste
• Manipulate file systems such as:
  • btrfs
  • ext2 / ext3 / ext4
  • fat16 / fat32
  • hfs / hfs+
  • linux-swap
  • lvm2 pv
  • nilfs2
  • ntfs
  • reiserfs / reiser4
  • ufs
  • xfs
  For specific actions supported see detailed features.

Requirements

GParted can be used on x86 and x86-64 based computers running Linux, Windows, or Mac OS X by booting from media containing GParted Live. A minimum of 160 MB of RAM is needed to use all of the features of the GParted application.

Free Software

GParted is free software.
You have the freedom to run, copy, distribute, study, change, and improve GParted.
You do not have to pay money to use GParted.
GParted is distributed under the GNU General Public License version 2 or (at your option) any later version.

二. 搭建PXE环境：

gparted live cd是基于debian-live，所以，syslinux参数和红帽的有些区别，具体的可以参看文章开头的参考文档。

有兴趣的朋友可以参考在下的拙篇，这里就不再细述，欢迎大家批评指正

CenOS6 nginx+pxe+tftpd+samba/nfs+dhcpd 无盘安装windows & linux

Ubuntu12.04 nginx+pxe+tftpd+samba/nfs+dhcpd 无盘安装windows & linux

以下是gparted live官方的帮助文档。

GParted Live on PXE Server

Besides GParted Live CD and Live USB, we can put the GParted Live image on a PXE server so that a client can boot via the network to use GParted. The steps to do this are as follows:

1. Set up a PXE server. You might refer to documentation, such as setting up a server for PXE network booting, or DRBL (Diskless Remote Boot in Linux) to assist you.
   In these steps we assume the pxelinux config file is /tftpboot/nbi_img/pxelinux.cfg/default, and the image files are in /tftpboot/nbi_img/.
2. Set up an http service on the PXE server.
3. Download GParted live zip file. You have to use 0.3.7-2 or later because network drivers are only included after that.
4. Unzip all the files in a temp dir /tmp/gparted/. You can do this with a command such as:

       mkdir -p /tmp/gparted; unzip gparted-live-*.zip -d /tmp/gparted/
       
   

   NOTE: Replace gparted-live-*.zip with the file name you just downloaded.
5. Copy the necessary boot files (vmlinuz and initrd.img) to /tftpboot/nbi_img/. For example:
   

       cp /tmp/gparted/live/{vmlinuz,initrd.img} /tftpboot/nbi_img/
       
   

6. Copy /tmp/gparted/live/filesystem.squashfs to your http server. For example:
   

       cp /tmp/gparted/live/filesystem.squashfs /var/www/
       
   

7. Edit your PXE config file /tftpboot/nbi_img/pxelinux.cfg/default, and append the following:
   

       label GParted Live  MENU LABEL GParted Live
               kernel vmlinuz
               append initrd=initrd.img boot=live config union=aufs noswap noprompt vga=788 fetch=http://$webserverIP/filesystem.squashfs
       
   

8. NOTE1: Replace $webserverIP with the IP address of your http server.
   NOTE2: Remember to check the boot parameters in syslinux/syslinux.cfg from the zip file. You should replace the above listed parameters with these more recent ones because these newer boot parameters might be different. For example the vmlinuz path might be different.
   NOTE3: Do not use the parameter "ip=frommedia" in your PXE config file.
   

For more information about pxelinux, refer to the following article on PXELinux.

这里以GParted live 0.19.1-4为例：gparted-live-0.19.1-4-amd64.iso

New in this release:

• The underlying GNU/Linux operating system was upgraded. This release is based on the Debian Sid repository (as of 2014/Aug/29).

• New GParted release 0.19.1.

• Linux kernel was updated to 3.14.15-2.

• Program MC_HxEd was removed from GParted live because it's not maintained anymore.

• Program zenity instead of gdialog is used in gl-shutdown-menu.

三. 定义gparted pxe菜单:

mount -o loop /mnt/ISO/gparted-live-0.19.1-4-amd64.iso  /mnt/iso

mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/gparted

cp -av /mnt/iso/live /var/lib/tftpboot/gparted

cp -av /mnt/iso/live/filesystem.squashfs /var/www/pub/ftp/gparted

cp -av /mnt/iso/syslinux/syslinux.cfg /var/lib/tftpboot/gparted/default

以下是我个人的gparted pxe菜单/var/lib/tftpboot/gparted/default，把iso中的syslinux.cfg另存为default再加以修改即可，仅供参考。

注：这里最重要的就是filesystem.squashfs这个文件，fetch支持tftp,ftp,http这几种模式，我这里选用的是http模式，所以看的到是fetch=http://192.168.8.254/ftp/gparted/filesystem.squashfs

default /gparted/vesamenu.c32
#prompt 1
timeout 600

display /gparted/boot.msg

menu background /gparted/Gsplash.png
menu title Gnome Partition Editor
menu color border 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color sel 7 #ffffffff #ff000000
menu color title 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color tabmsg 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color unsel 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color hotsel 0 #ff000000 #ffffffff
menu color hotkey 7 #ffffffff #ff000000
menu color scrollbar 0 #ffffffff #00000000

# MENU MASTER PASSWD

say **********************************************************************
say GParted.
say Gnome Partition Editor.
say http://gparted.org
say THIS SOFTWARE COMES WITH ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY! USE AT YOUR OWN RISK!
say **********************************************************************

# Allow client to edit the parameters
ALLOWOPTIONS 1

# simple menu title
MENU TITLE http://gparted.org

# Since no network setting in the squashfs image, therefore if ip=, the network is disabled. That's what we want.
label GParted Live (To RAM)
  MENU DEFAULT
  # MENU HIDE
  MENU LABEL GParted Live (To ^RAM. Boot media can be removed later)
  # MENU PASSWD
  kernel /gparted/live/vmlinuz
  append initrd=/gparted/live/initrd.img boot=live username=user config quiet noswap noeject  toram=filesystem.squashfs ip=  nosplash fetch=http://192.168.8.254/ftp/gparted/filesystem.squashfs
  TEXT HELP
  All the programs will be copied to RAM, so you can
  remove boot media (CD or USB flash drive) later
  ENDTEXT

label GParted Live
  # MENU DEFAULT
  # MENU HIDE
  MENU LABEL GParted Live (^Default settings)
  # MENU PASSWD
  kernel /gparted/live/vmlinuz
  append initrd=/gparted/live/initrd.img boot=live username=user config quiet noswap noeject fetch=http://192.168.8.254/ftp/gparted/filesystem.squashfs
  TEXT HELP
  * Boot menu for BIOS machine
  * GParted live version: 0.19.1-4-amd64. Live version maintainer: Steven Shiau
  * Disclaimer: GParted live comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY
  ENDTEXT

MENU BEGIN ^Other modes of GParted Live
label GParted Live KMS
  # MENU DEFAULT
  # MENU HIDE
  MENU LABEL GParted Live (Default settings, ^KMS)
  # MENU PASSWD
  kernel /gparted/live/vmlinuz
  append initrd=/gparted/live/initrd.img boot=live username=user config quiet noswap noeject vga=791 fetch=http://192.168.8.254/ftp/gparted/filesystem.squashfs
  TEXT HELP
  KMS mode. OK for ATI, Intel and NVIDIA VGA cards.
  ENDTEXT

label GParted Live without framebuffer
  # MENU DEFAULT
  # MENU HIDE
  MENU LABEL GParted Live (^Safe graphic settings, vga=normal)
  # MENU PASSWD
  kernel /gparted/live/vmlinuz
  append initrd=/gparted/live/initrd.img boot=live username=user config quiet noswap noeject ip= nomodeset vga=normal nosplash fetch=http://192.168.8.254/ftp/gparted/filesystem.squashfs
  TEXT HELP
  Disable console frame buffer support
  ENDTEXT

label GParted Live failsafe mode
  # MENU DEFAULT
  # MENU HIDE
  MENU LABEL GParted Live (^Failsafe mode)
  # MENU PASSWD
  kernel /gparted/live/vmlinuz
  append initrd=/gparted/live/initrd.img boot=live username=user config quiet noswap noeject acpi=off irqpoll noapic noapm nodma nomce nolapic nosmp ip= nomodeset vga=normal nosplash fetch=http://192.168.8.254/ftp/gparted/filesystem.squashfs
  TEXT HELP
  acpi=off irqpoll noapic noapm nodma nomce nolapic
  nosmp nomodeset vga=normal nosplash
  ENDTEXT

MENU END
label local
  # MENU DEFAULT
  # MENU HIDE
  MENU LABEL ^Local operating system in harddrive (if available)
  # MENU PASSWD
  # 2 method to boot local device:
  # (1) For localboot 0, it is decided by boot order in BIOS, so uncomment the follow 1 line if you want this method:
  # localboot 0

  # (2) For chain.c32, you can assign the boot device.
  # Ref: extlinux.doc from syslinux
  # Syntax: APPEND [hd|fd] []
  # [] is optional.
  # Ex:
  # Second partition (2) on the first hard disk (hd0);
  # Linux would *typically* call this /dev/hda2 or /dev/sda2, then it's "APPEND hd0 2"
  #
  kernel chain.c32
  append hd0
  TEXT HELP
  Boot local OS from first hard disk if it's available
  ENDTEXT


# Note! *.bin is specially purpose for syslinux,
# Do NOT use memtest.bin, use memtest instead of memtest.bin
label memtest
  # MENU DEFAULT
  # MENU HIDE
  MENU LABEL Memory test using ^Memtest86+
  # MENU PASSWD
  kernel /gparted/live/memtest
  TEXT HELP
  Run memory test using Memtest86+
  ENDTEXT

四. 效果图：

键盘映射，一般标准的美式键盘直接选择　　


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