使用VGG模型迁移学习进行猫狗大战

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import os
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import torchvision
from torchvision import models,transforms,datasets
import time
import json

# 判断是否存在GPU设备
device = torch.device("cuda:0" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu")
print('Using gpu: %s ' % torch.cuda.is_available())

#1下载数据
#! wget http://fenggao-image.stor.sinaapp.com/dogscats.zip
#! unzip dogscats.zip

#2数据处理
normalize = transforms.Normalize(mean=[0.485, 0.456, 0.406], std=[0.229, 0.224, 0.225])
vgg_format = transforms.Compose([
                transforms.CenterCrop(224),
                transforms.ToTensor(),
                normalize,
            ])

data_dir = './dogscats'
dsets = {x: datasets.ImageFolder(os.path.join(data_dir, x), vgg_format)
         for x in ['train', 'valid']}

dset_sizes = {x: len(dsets[x]) for x in ['train', 'valid']}
dset_classes = dsets['train'].classes

# 通过下面代码可以查看 dsets 的一些属性
print(dsets['train'].classes)
print(dsets['train'].class_to_idx)
print(dsets['train'].imgs[:5])
print('dset_sizes: ', dset_sizes)

loader_train = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(dsets['train'], batch_size=64, shuffle=True, num_workers=6)
loader_valid = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(dsets['valid'], batch_size=5, shuffle=False, num_workers=6)

#valid 数据一共有2000张图，每个batch是5张，因此，下面进行遍历一共会输出到 400
同时，把第一个 batch 保存到 inputs_try, labels_try，分别查看
count = 1
for data in loader_valid:
    print(count, end='
')
    if count == 1:
        inputs_try,labels_try = data
    count +=1

print(labels_try)
print(inputs_try.shape)

# 显示图片的小程序

def imshow(inp, title=None):
#   Imshow for Tensor.
    inp = inp.numpy().transpose((1, 2, 0))
    mean = np.array([0.485, 0.456, 0.406])
    std = np.array([0.229, 0.224, 0.225])
    inp = np.clip(std * inp + mean, 0,1)
    plt.imshow(inp)
    if title is not None:
        plt.title(title)
    plt.pause(0.001)  # pause a bit so that plots are updated

# 显示 labels_try 的5张图片，即valid里第一个batch的5张图片
out = torchvision.utils.make_grid(inputs_try)
imshow(out, title=[dset_classes[x] for x in labels_try])

#3创建VGG Model
!wget https://s3.amazonaws.com/deep-learning-models/image-models/imagenet_class_index.json

model_vgg = models.vgg16(pretrained=True)

with open('./imagenet_class_index.json') as f:
    class_dict = json.load(f)
dic_imagenet = [class_dict[str(i)][1] for i in range(len(class_dict))]

inputs_try , labels_try = inputs_try.to(device), labels_try.to(device)
model_vgg = model_vgg.to(device)

outputs_try = model_vgg(inputs_try)

print(outputs_try)
print(outputs_try.shape)

#为了将VGG网络输出的结果转化为对每一类的预测概率，我们把结果输入到 Softmax 函数

m_softm = nn.Softmax(dim=1)
probs = m_softm(outputs_try)
vals_try,pred_try = torch.max(probs,dim=1)

print( 'prob sum: ', torch.sum(probs,1))
print( 'vals_try: ', vals_try)
print( 'pred_try: ', pred_try)

print([dic_imagenet[i] for i in pred_try.data])
imshow(torchvision.utils.make_grid(inputs_try.data.cpu()), 
       title=[dset_classes[x] for x in labels_try.data.cpu()])

#4修改最后一层
print(model_vgg)

model_vgg_new = model_vgg;

for param in model_vgg_new.parameters():
    param.requires_grad = False
model_vgg_new.classifier._modules['6'] = nn.Linear(4096, 2)
model_vgg_new.classifier._modules['7'] = torch.nn.LogSoftmax(dim = 1)

model_vgg_new = model_vgg_new.to(device)

print(model_vgg_new.classifier)

#5训练并测试
#第一步：创建损失函数和优化器
criterion = nn.NLLLoss()
# 学习率
lr = 0.001
# 随机梯度下降
optimizer_vgg = torch.optim.SGD(model_vgg_new.classifier[6].parameters(),lr = lr)

#第二步：训练模型
def train_model(model,dataloader,size,epochs=1,optimizer=None):
    model.train()
   
    for epoch in range(epochs):
        running_loss = 0.0
        running_corrects = 0
        count = 0
        for inputs,classes in dataloader:
            inputs = inputs.to(device)
            classes = classes.to(device)
            outputs = model(inputs)
            loss = criterion(outputs,classes)           
            optimizer = optimizer
            optimizer.zero_grad()
            loss.backward()
            optimizer.step()
            _,preds = torch.max(outputs.data,1)
            # statistics
            running_loss += loss.data.item()
            running_corrects += torch.sum(preds == classes.data)
            count += len(inputs)
            print('Training: No. ', count, ' process ... total: ', size)
        epoch_loss = running_loss / size
        epoch_acc = running_corrects.data.item() / size
        print('Loss: {:.4f} Acc: {:.4f}'.format(
                     epoch_loss, epoch_acc))
           
# 模型训练
train_model(model_vgg_new,loader_train,size=dset_sizes['train'], epochs=1, 
            optimizer=optimizer_vgg)

def test_model(model,dataloader,size):
    model.eval()
    predictions = np.zeros(size)
    all_classes = np.zeros(size)
    all_proba = np.zeros((size,2))
    i = 0
    running_loss = 0.0
    running_corrects = 0
    for inputs,classes in dataloader:
        inputs = inputs.to(device)
        classes = classes.to(device)
        outputs = model(inputs)
        loss = criterion(outputs,classes)           
        _,preds = torch.max(outputs.data,1)
        # statistics
        running_loss += loss.data.item()
        running_corrects += torch.sum(preds == classes.data)
        predictions[i:i+len(classes)] = preds.to('cpu').numpy()
        all_classes[i:i+len(classes)] = classes.to('cpu').numpy()
        all_proba[i:i+len(classes),:] = outputs.data.to('cpu').numpy()
        i += len(classes)
        print('Testing: No. ', i, ' process ... total: ', size)        
    epoch_loss = running_loss / size
    epoch_acc = running_corrects.data.item() / size
    print('Loss: {:.4f} Acc: {:.4f}'.format(
                     epoch_loss, epoch_acc))
    return predictions, all_proba, all_classes
  
predictions, all_proba, all_classes = test_model(model_vgg_new,loader_valid,size=dset_sizes['valid'])

#6可视化
# 单次可视化显示的图片个数
n_view = 8
correct = np.where(predictions==all_classes)[0]
from numpy.random import random, permutation
idx = permutation(correct)[:n_view]
print('random correct idx: ', idx)
loader_correct = torch.utils.data.DataLoader([dsets['valid'][x] for x in idx],
                  batch_size = n_view,shuffle=True)
for data in loader_correct:
    inputs_cor,labels_cor = data
# Make a grid from batch
out = torchvision.utils.make_grid(inputs_cor)
imshow(out, title=[l.item() for l in labels_cor])