• python-day54--前端之js-DOM对象


    一、DOM对象

    1.什么是HTML  DOM

      HTML  Document Object Model(文档对象模型---标签)

    2.功能:定义了访问(查找)和操作HTML文档的标准方法

    3.HTML DOM 把 HTML 文档呈现为带有元素、属性和文本的树结构(节点树)

      DOM树的目的:导航标签

    4.DOM节点

      1.DOM树的每一个节点对象(Node)就是每一个标签
    
      2.节点主要有两个:  1. document   (整个结构html标签)   2. element (里面的每一个标签)
    
      3.节点关系:
    
        节点树中的节点彼此拥有层级关系。
        父(parent),子(child)和同胞(sibling)等术语用于描述这些关系。父节点拥有子节点。同级的子节点被称为同胞(兄弟或姐妹)。
    
                在节点树中,顶端节点被称为根(root)
                每个节点都有父节点、除了根(它没有父节点)
                一个节点可拥有任意数量的子
                同胞是拥有相同父节点的节点
      4.节点查找
        1.直接查找      
          document.getElementById(“idname”)    #得到标签对象
          document.getElementsByTagName(“tagname”)    #得到数组对象
          document.getElementsByName(“name”)    #得到数组对象
          document.getElementsByClassName(“name”)  #得到数组对象
          
    <script>
    
       var div1=document.getElementById("div1");
    
    ////支持;
    //   var ele= div1.getElementsByTagName("p");
    //   alert(ele.length);
    ////支持
    //   var ele2=div1.getElementsByClassName("div2");
    //   alert(ele2.length);
    ////不支持
    //   var ele3=div1.getElementById("div3");
    //   alert(ele3.length);
    ////不支持
    //   var ele4=div1.getElementsByName("yuan");
    //   alert(ele4.length)
    
    </script>
    局部查找

          注意:设计到寻找元素,注意<script>标签的位置!

          注意:每一个标签都是一个对象,对象就可以调用属性和方法

         2.导航查找 :通过某个标签定位到某些标签

           导航节点属性:       

    '''
    
    parentElement           // 父节点标签元素
    
    children                // 所有子标签
    
    firstElementChild       // 第一个子标签元素
    
    lastElementChild        // 最后一个子标签元素
    
    nextElementtSibling     // 下一个兄弟标签元素
    
    previousElementSibling  // 上一个兄弟标签元素
    
    '''

           注意,js中没有办法找到所有的兄弟标签!

       5.节点属性操作

         1、属性操作
           var ele=document.getElementsByClassName("c1")[0];
       
           (1) 文本操作:
           
                 ele.innerText    取值
                 ele.innerText="Egon";   赋值
                
               ele.innerHTML;    取值
               ele.innerHTML="<a href=''>click</a>";     赋值

              区别在  innerHTML可以取值和赋值标签,而innerText不行
     

           (2)属性操作
                // 取属性值(对所有的属性都可以,除了class类)

              console.log(ele.getAttribute("id"));
              console.log(ele.id);     --简便

              // 属性赋值:(对所有的属性都可以,除了class类)

              ele.setAttribute("id","d2")
              ele.id="d2";    --简便


              // class属性

              console.log(ele.className);  查看
              ele.classList.add("hide");   增加
              ele.classList.remove("hide");     删除


         2 、节点操作(增删改)
      
              1 创建节点 : document.createElement("标签名")
              2 添加节点 : ele_parent.appentChild(ele_child)
              3 删除节点 : ele_parent.removeChild(ele_child)
              4 替换节点 : ele_parent.repalceChild(newnode, 某个节点)

     1 <!DOCTYPE html>
     2 <html lang="en">
     3 <head>
     4     <meta charset="UTF-8">
     5     <title>Title</title>
     6     <style>
     7         .c1 {
     8              500px;
     9             height: 300px;
    10             border: 1px solid red;
    11         }
    12     </style>
    13 
    14     <script>
    15         window.onload = function () {                         //监听  加载完成之后执行
    16             var ele = document.getElementsByClassName("addBtn")[0];
    17             var ele_del = document.getElementsByClassName("delBtn")[0];
    18             var eleBtn = document.getElementsByClassName("repalceBtn")[0];
    19 
    20 
    21             // 绑定的添加节点事件
    22             ele.onclick = function () {
    23                 // 创建一个a标签
    24                 var ele_a = document.createElement("a");
    25                 console.log(ele_a);       //  <a></a>
    26                 ele_a.innerHTML = "点击";   //  <a>点击</a>
    27                 ele_a.setAttribute("href", "http://www.baidu.com");
    28                 ele_a.id = "d1";
    29 
    30                 // 创建img标签
    31 
    32                 var ele_img = document.createElement("img");  // <img>
    33                 ele_img.src = "Bootstrap_i2.png";   //  <img src="">
    34                 ele_img.height = 50;
    35                 ele_img.width = 50;
    36 
    37                 // 添加标签
    38 
    39                 // 找到父标签
    40                 ele_p = document.getElementsByClassName("c1")[0];
    41                 ele_p.appendChild(ele_a)
    42 //                ele_p.appendChild(ele_img)
    43 
    44             };
    45             // 绑定删除节点事件
    46             ele_del.onclick = function () {
    47                 var ele_p = document.getElementById("p1");
    48                 var ele_parent = document.getElementsByClassName("c1")[0];
    49 
    50                 ele_parent.removeChild(ele_p);
    51 
    52             };
    53             // 绑定替换节点事件
    54             eleBtn.onclick = function () {
    55                 //创建的 新节点
    56                 var ele_img = document.createElement("img");  // <img>
    57                 ele_img.src = "Bootstrap_i2.png";   //  <img src="">
    58                 ele_img.height = 50;
    59                 ele_img.width = 50;
    60 
    61                 // 被替换的节点
    62                 var ele_p = document.getElementById("p1");
    63 
    64                 // 父节点
    65 
    66                 var ele_parent = document.getElementsByClassName("c1")[0]
    67 
    68                 // 做替换
    69 
    70                 ele_parent.replaceChild(ele_img, ele_p)
    71             }
    72         };
    73 
    74     </script>
    75 
    76 
    77 </head>
    78 <body>
    79 
    80 <div class="c1">
    81     <p id="p1">p1</p>
    82 </div>
    83 <button class="addBtn">ADD</button>
    84 <button class="delBtn">del</button>
    85 <button class="repalceBtn">repalceBtn</button>
    86 
    87 </body>
    88 </html>
    节点操作实例练习1
     1 <!DOCTYPE html>
     2 <html lang="en">
     3 <head>
     4     <meta charset="UTF-8">
     5     <title>Title</title>
     6     <script>
     7         window.onload = function () {
     8 
     9             //  表格操作
    10 
    11             var eles = document.getElementsByClassName("del");
    12             for (var i = 0; i < eles.length; i++) {
    13                 eles[i].onclick = function () {
    14                     // console.log(this.parentElement.parentElement);
    15                     var ele_tr = this.parentElement.parentElement;
    16 
    17                     var ele_tbody = document.getElementById("t1");
    18 
    19                     ele_tbody.removeChild(ele_tr);
    20 
    21                 }
    22             }
    23 
    24         };
    25 
    26     </script>
    27 
    28 
    29 </head>
    30 <body>
    31 
    32 <table border="1">
    33 
    34     <tbody id="t1">
    35     <tr>
    36         <td><input type="checkbox"></td>
    37         <td><input type="text"></td>
    38         <td>
    39             <button class="del">del1</button>
    40         </td>
    41     </tr>
    42 
    43     <tr>
    44         <td><input type="checkbox"></td>
    45         <td><input type="text"></td>
    46         <td>
    47             <button class="del">del2</button>
    48         </td>
    49     </tr>
    50 
    51     <tr>
    52         <td><input type="checkbox"></td>
    53         <td><input type="text"></td>
    54         <td>
    55             <button class="del">del3</button>
    56         </td>
    57     </tr>
    58 
    59     <tr>
    60         <td><input type="checkbox"></td>
    61         <td><input type="text"></td>
    62         <td>
    63             <button class="del">del3</button>
    64         </td>
    65     </tr>
    66 
    67     </tbody>
    68 
    69 </table>
    70 
    71 
    72 </body>
    73 </html>
    节点操作实例练习2
     

     5.事件

    <body>
    
    <!--事件绑定方式1-->
    <div onclick="foo(this)">DIV</div>
    
    
    <div class="c1">DIV2</div>
    
    
    <ul>
        <li>111</li>
        <li>222</li>
        <li>333</li>
        <li>444</li>
    </ul>
    
    
    <script>
        //  <!--事件绑定方式1-->
        function foo(self) {
    
            console.log(self);
           // var ele=document.getElementsByTagName("div")[0];
           self.style.color="red";
        }
    
    
        // 事件绑定方式2:   标签对象.on事件=function(){}
    
        var ele=document.getElementsByClassName("c1")[0];
    
        ele.onclick=function () {
            console.log(this); // this 代指: 当前触发事件的标签对象;
            this.style.fontSize="30px"
        };
    
    
        //  ul  li 事件
    
        var eles_li=document.getElementsByTagName("li");
    
        for (var i=0;i<eles_li.length;i++){
    
             eles_li[i].onclick=function () {
    
                 console.log(this.innerText);
                 //console.log(i); // i 为什么是4?
                 //console.log(eles_li[i].innerText);
             }
        }
    
    
    </script>
    </body>

     练习:左侧菜单

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title>左侧菜单实例</title>
        <style>
            .left{
                30%;
                height: 600px;
                background-color: sandybrown;
                float: left;
            }
            .right{
                 70%;
                height: 600px;
                background-color: deepskyblue;
                float: left;
            }
            .item {                    /*下面的div不上来,因为给item设置了边框
                 100%;
                height: 200px;
                /*border: 1px solid red;*/
            }
            .title{
                 100%;
                height: 25px;
                background-color: steelblue;
            }
            .hide{
                display: none;
            }
    </style>
    </head>
    <body>
    <div class="left">
        <div class="item">
            <div class="title">菜单一</div>
            <div class="con hide">
                <ul>
                    <li>第一章</li>
                    <li>第二章</li>
                    <li>第三章</li>
                    <li>第四章</li>
                </ul>
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="item">
            <div class="title">菜单二</div>
            <div class="con hide">
                <ul>
                    <li>第一章</li>
                    <li>第二章</li>
                    <li>第三章</li>
                    <li>第四章</li>
                </ul>
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="item">
            <div class="title">菜单三</div>
            <div class="con hide">
                 <ul>
                    <li>第一章</li>
                    <li>第二章</li>
                    <li>第三章</li>
                    <li>第四章</li>
                </ul>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="right"></div>
    <script>
    //    先找到要增加鼠标点击事件的标签
        var ele_title= document.getElementsByClassName('title');
        for(var i =0;i<ele_title.length;i++){
            ele_title[i].onclick = function () {
    //            显示点击标签下的兄弟标签
    //            先找到当前的标签title
    //            console.log(this); //this就代表当前点击的标签
    //            console.log(this.nextElementSibling) ;//下一个兄弟标签 <div class="con hide">,然后把hide去了
    //            再找到title下的兄弟标签
                this.nextElementSibling.classList.remove('hide');
    
                //隐藏另外两个con标签
                for (j = 0;j<ele_title.length;j++){
                    console.log(j);
                    if(ele_title[j]!=this){
                        ele_title[j].nextElementSibling.classList.add('hide');
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    
    </script>
    </body>
    </html>
    View Code
    1、onload 事件:
    onload 属性开发中 只给 body元素加.这个属性的触发 标志着 页面内容被加载完成.应用场景: 当有些事情我们希望页面加载完立刻执行,那么可以使用该事件属性.
    
    2、onsubmit 事件:
    当表单在提交时触发. 该属性也只能给form元素使用.应用场景: 在表单提交前验证用户输入是否正确.如果验证失败.在该方法中我们应该阻止表单的提交.
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title>Title</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    
    <form action="" id="submit">
        <p>姓名<input type="text" name="user" id="user"></p>
        <p>年龄<input type="text" name="age" id="age"></p>
        <input type="submit" >           默认自带一个提交事件
    </form>
    
    <script>
        var ele_form=document.getElementById("submit");
        var ele_user=document.getElementById("user");
        var ele_age=document.getElementById("age");
    
        ele_form.onsubmit=function (event) {      //给form表单添加onsubmit事件就相当于给input-submit标签添加
            var username=ele_user.value;
            var age=ele_age.value;
    
            alert(username);
            alert(age);
    
            // 两种阻止默认事件发生的方式
    
            // 方式1
            return false
    
            // 方式2
            // event.preventDefault()
    
        }
    </script>
    
    </body>
    </html>
    onsubmit练习
     3、onkeydown 事件:

      Event 对象:Event 对象代表事件的状态,比如事件在其中发生的元素、键盘按键的状态、鼠标的位置、鼠标按钮的状态。
      事件通常与函数结合使用,函数不会在事件发生前被执行!event对象在事件发生时系统已经创建好了,并且会在事件函数被调用时传给事件函数.我们获得仅仅需要接收一下即可.比如onkeydown,我们想知道哪个键被按下了  ,需要问下event对象的属性,这里就是KeyCode.

     1 <!DOCTYPE html>
     2 <html lang="en">
     3 <head>
     4     <meta charset="UTF-8">
     5     <title>Title</title>
     6 </head>
     7 <body>
     8 
     9 <input type="text" id="test">
    10 
    11 <script>
    12     var ele=document.getElementById("test")
    13     ele.onkeydown=function (e) {
    14         console.log(e.keyCode);
    15 
    16         if (e.keyCode==13){
    17             alert(666)
    18         }
    19     }
    20 </script>
    21 </body>
    22 </html>
    onkeydown练习

     4、事件传播

     1 <!DOCTYPE html>
     2 <html lang="en">
     3 <head>
     4     <meta charset="UTF-8">
     5     <title>Title</title>
     6 
     7     <style>
     8         .c1{
     9              200px;
    10             height: 200px;
    11             background-color: wheat;
    12         }
    13 
    14         .c2{
    15              100px;
    16             height: 100px;
    17             background-color: royalblue;
    18         }
    19     </style>
    20 </head>
    21 <body>
    22 <div class="c1">
    23     <div class="c2"></div>
    24 </div>
    25 
    26 <script>
    27     var ele1=document.getElementsByClassName("c1")[0];
    28     var ele2=document.getElementsByClassName("c2")[0];
    29 
    30     ele1.onclick=function () {
    31         alert(123)
    32     };
    33 
    34     ele2.onclick=function (event) {
    35         alert(456);
    36         event.stopPropagation() // 阻止事件传播
    37     }
    38 </script>
    39 </body>
    40 </html>
    事件传播练习

     5、onblur与onfocus事件

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title>Title</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    
    <input type="text" value="username" id="search">
    
    
    <script>
       var ele=document.getElementById("search")
    
        ele.onfocus=function () {
             this.value=""
        };
    
        ele.onblur=function () {
            if(this.value.trim()==""){
                this.value="username"
            }
        }
    </script>
    </body>
    </html>
    onblur与onfocus练习

     6、模态对话框练习

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html>
    <!--bug : 1 添加的行不能用删除按钮,     2 输入为空时会添加行-->
    <head lang="en">
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title></title>
        <link rel="stylesheet" href="bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/css/bootstrap.css"/>
        <style>
            .container {
                margin-top: 80px;
            }
    
            .row {
                margin-top: 10px;
            }
    
            .c1 {
                margin-left: 12px;
                margin-right: 15px;
                margin-top: -10px;
            }
    
            .c2 {
                margin-left: 15px;
                margin-right: 15px;
            }
    
            /*.c3 {*/
            /*margin-left: 100px;*/
            /*}*/
    
            .c4 {
                margin-left: 50px;
            }
    
            .c5 {
                margin-top: -30px;
            }
    
            .c3 {
                 280px;
                height: 30px;
    
            }
    
            .c8 {
                margin-right: 50px;
            }
    
            .add {
                display: block;
                float: right;
                height: 36px;
                 72px;
                background-color: dodgerblue;
                color: white;
                border-radius: 5px;
            }
    
            .back {
                 100%;
                height: 2000px;
                border: 1px solid red;
            }
    
            .shade {
                position: fixed;
                left: 0;
                right: 0;
                top: 0;
                bottom: 0;
                background-color: darkgray;
                opacity: 0.5;
            }
    
            .model {
                position: fixed;
                top: 100px;
                left: 40%;
                 300px;
                height: 200px;
                background-color: white;
    
            }
    
            .hide {
                display: none;
            }
    
            #i8 {
                margin-left: 61px;
            }
    
            .i9 {
                margin-left: 20px;
            }
    
            #i6 {
                margin-top: 10px;
            }
    
            #btn {
                background-color: dodgerblue;
                color: white;
                margin-left: 170px;
                border-radius: 3px;
                height: 28px;
                 65px;
                margin-top: 10px;
            }
        </style>
    </head>
    <body>
    <div class="container">
    
        <div class="row">
            <div class="panel panel-default">
                <div class="panel-heading">Panel heading</div>
                <div class="panel-body">
                </div>
                <div class="row c1">
                    <form class="form-inline">
                        <div class="form-group">
                            <label for="exampleInputName2"></label>
                            <input type="text" class="form-control" id="exampleInputName2" placeholder="搜索">
                        </div>
                        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">搜索</button>
                        <input type="button" value="添加" class="add" id="ss"/>
                        <!--<button type="submit" class="pull-right" id="ss">添加</button>-->
    
                    </form>
                </div>
                <div class="row c2">
                    <table class="table table-striped table-bordered table-hover table-condensed">
                        <tbody id="i1">
                        <tr>
                            <th>#</th>
                            <th>Column heading</th>
                            <th>Column heading</th>
                            <th>Column heading</th>
                            <th>Column heading</th>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                            <th>1</th>
                            <td>Column heading</td>
                            <td>Column heading</td>
                            <td>Column heading</td>
                            <td class="c3">
                                <button type="submit" class="btn btn-success c4">
                                    <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-pencil" aria-hidden="true">&nbsp;编辑</span>
                                </button>
                                <button type="submit" class="btn btn-danger pull-right c8">
                                    <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-remove" aria-hidden="true">&nbsp;删除</span>
                                </button>
                            </td>
    
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                            <th>2</th>
                            <td>Column heading</td>
                            <td>Column heading</td>
                            <td>Column heading</td>
                            <td class="c3">
                                <button type="submit" class="btn btn-success c4">
                                    <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-pencil" aria-hidden="true">&nbsp;编辑</span>
                                </button>
                                <button type="submit" class="btn btn-danger pull-right c8">
                                    <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-remove" aria-hidden="true">&nbsp;删除</span>
                                </button>
                            </td>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                            <th>3</th>
                            <td>Column heading</td>
                            <td>Column heading</td>
                            <td>Column heading</td>
                            <td class="c3">
                                <button type="submit" class="btn btn-success c4">
                                    <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-pencil" aria-hidden="true">&nbsp;编辑</span>
                                </button>
                                <button type="submit" class="btn btn-danger pull-right c8">
                                    <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-remove" aria-hidden="true">&nbsp;删除</span>
                                </button>
                            </td>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                            <th>4</th>
                            <td>Column heading</td>
                            <td>Column heading</td>
                            <td>Column heading</td>
                            <td class="c3">
                                <button type="submit" class="btn btn-success c4">
                                    <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-pencil" aria-hidden="true">&nbsp;编辑</span>
                                </button>
                                <button type="submit" class="btn btn-danger pull-right c8">
                                    <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-remove" aria-hidden="true">&nbsp;删除</span>
                                </button>
                            </td>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                            <th>5</th>
                            <td>Column heading</td>
                            <td>Column heading</td>
                            <td>Column heading</td>
                            <td class="c3">
                                <button type="submit" class="btn btn-success c4">
                                    <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-pencil" aria-hidden="true">&nbsp;编辑</span>
                                </button>
                                <button type="submit" class="btn btn-danger pull-right c8">
                                    <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-remove" aria-hidden="true">&nbsp;删除</span>
                                </button>
                            </td>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                            <th>6</th>
                            <td>Column heading</td>
                            <td>Column heading</td>
                            <td>Column heading</td>
                            <td class="c3">
                                <button type="submit" class="btn btn-success c4">
                                    <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-pencil" aria-hidden="true">&nbsp;编辑</span>
                                </button>
                                <button type="submit" class="btn btn-danger pull-right c8">
                                    <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-remove" aria-hidden="true">&nbsp;删除</span>
                                </button>
                            </td>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                            <th>7</th>
                            <td>Column heading</td>
                            <td>Column heading</td>
                            <td>Column heading</td>
                            <td class="c3">
                                <button type="submit" class="btn btn-success c4">
                                    <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-pencil" aria-hidden="true">&nbsp;编辑</span>
                                </button>
                                <button type="submit" class="btn btn-danger pull-right c8">
                                    <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-remove" aria-hidden="true">&nbsp;删除</span>
                                </button>
                            </td>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                            <th>8</th>
                            <td>Column heading</td>
                            <td>Column heading</td>
                            <td>Column heading</td>
                            <td class="c3">
                                <button type="submit" class="btn btn-success c4">
                                    <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-pencil" aria-hidden="true">&nbsp;编辑</span>
                                </button>
                                <button type="submit" class="btn btn-danger pull-right c8">
                                    <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-remove" aria-hidden="true">&nbsp;删除</span>
                                </button>
                            </td>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                            <th>9</th>
                            <td>Column heading</td>
                            <td>Column heading</td>
                            <td>Column heading</td>
                            <td class="c3">
                                <button type="submit" class="btn btn-success c4">
                                    <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-pencil" aria-hidden="true">&nbsp;编辑</span>
                                </button>
                                <button type="submit" class="btn btn-danger pull-right c8">
                                    <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-remove" aria-hidden="true">&nbsp;删除</span>
                                </button>
                            </td>
                        </tr>
                        </tbody>
                    </table>
                </div>
                <div class="row c2">
                    <nav aria-label="Page navigation " class="pull-right c5">
                        <ul class="pagination">
                            <li>
                                <a href="#" aria-label="Previous">
                                    <span aria-hidden="true">&laquo;</span>
                                </a>
                            </li>
                            <li><a href="#">1</a></li>
                            <li><a href="#">2</a></li>
                            <li><a href="#">3</a></li>
                            <li><a href="#">4</a></li>
                            <li><a href="#">5</a></li>
                            <li>
                                <a href="#" aria-label="Next">
                                    <span aria-hidden="true">&raquo;</span>
                                </a>
                            </li>
                        </ul>
                    </nav>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    
    </div>
    <div class="shade hide"></div>
    <div class="model hide">
        <form action="" id="i6">
            <p id="i8">id&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<input type="text" id="i60"></p>
    
            <p class="i9">Column &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<input type="text" id="i61"></p>
    
            <p class="i9">Column &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<input type="text" id="i62"></p>
    
            <p class="i9">Column &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<input type="text" id="i63"></p>
    
    
            <input type="button" id="btn" value="提交">
        </form>
    </div>
    
    <script>
        var eles = document.getElementsByClassName("c8");
        for (var i = 0; i < eles.length; i++) {
            eles[i].onclick = function () {
                var ele_tr = this.parentElement.parentElement;
                var ele_tbody = this.parentElement.parentElement.parentElement;
                ele_tbody.removeChild(ele_tr);
            }
        }
    
    
    </script>
    <script>
        var ele_adda = document.getElementById("ss");
        var ele_mdoel = document.getElementsByClassName("model")[0];
        var ele_shade = document.getElementsByClassName("shade")[0];
        ele_adda.onclick = function () {
            ele_mdoel.classList.remove("hide");
            ele_shade.classList.remove("hide")
    
        }
    
        var ele_sub = document.getElementById('btn');
        ele_sub.onclick = function () {
            ele_mdoel.classList.add("hide");
            ele_shade.classList.add("hide")
            var ele_a = document.createElement("tr");
            var ele_1 = document.getElementById('i60');
            var ele_2 = document.getElementById('i61');
            var ele_3 = document.getElementById('i62');
            var ele_4 = document.getElementById('i63');
    
    
            var elee_1 = document.createElement("th");
    
            elee_1.innerText = ele_1.value
    
            ele_a.appendChild(elee_1)
    
    
            var elee_2 = document.createElement("td");
            elee_2.innerText = ele_2.value
    
            ele_a.appendChild(elee_2)
    
    
            var elee_3 = document.createElement("td");
            elee_3.innerText = ele_3.value
    
            ele_a.appendChild(elee_3)
            var elee_4 = document.createElement("td");
            elee_4.innerText = ele_4.value
    
            ele_a.appendChild(elee_4)
    
    
            var elee_5 = document.createElement("td");
            elee_5.classList.add('c3');
    
            var elee_6 = document.createElement("button");
            elee_6.type = 'submit';
            elee_6.classList.add('btn');
            elee_6.classList.add('btn-success');
            elee_6.classList.add('c4');
    
    
            var elee_8 = document.createElement("span");
            elee_8.classList.add('glyphicon');
            elee_8.classList.add('glyphicon-pencil');
            elee_8.innerHTML = '&nbsp;编辑'
            elee_6.appendChild(elee_8);
            elee_5.appendChild(elee_6);
    
            var elee_7 = document.createElement("button");
            elee_7.type = 'submit';
            elee_7.classList.add('btn')
            elee_7.classList.add('btn-danger')
            elee_7.classList.add('pull-right')
            elee_7.classList.add('c8')
            var elee_9 = document.createElement("span");
            elee_9.classList.add('glyphicon');
            elee_9.classList.add('glyphicon-remove');
            elee_9.innerHTML = '&nbsp;删除';
            elee_7.appendChild(elee_9);
            elee_5.appendChild(elee_7);
            ele_a.appendChild(elee_5)
    
    
            var ele_tr = document.getElementById('i1');
            ele_tr.appendChild(ele_a);
    
    
        }
    
    </script>
    
    
    </body>
    </html>
    练习

      7、正反选实例练习

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title>Title</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    
    <button class="selectAll">全选</button>
    <button class="reverse">反选</button>
    <button class="cancel">取消</button>
    <hr>
    <table border="1">
        <tr>
            <td><input type="checkbox" class="check"></td>
            <td>111</td>
            <td>111</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td><input type="checkbox" class="check"></td>
            <td>111</td>
            <td>111</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td><input type="checkbox" class="check"></td>
            <td>111</td>
            <td>111</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td><input type="checkbox" class="check"></td>
            <td>111</td>
            <td>111</td>
        </tr>
    </table>
    
    <script>
    
    //     方式1
        var ele_selectAll=document.getElementsByClassName("selectAll")[0];
        var ele_reverse=document.getElementsByClassName("reverse")[0];
        var ele_cancel=document.getElementsByClassName("cancel")[0];
        var ele_input=document.getElementsByClassName("check");
    
        ele_selectAll.onclick=function () {
              for(var i=0;i<ele_input.length;i++){
                  ele_input[i].checked="checked"
              }
        };
    
        ele_cancel.onclick=function () {
             for(var i=0;i<ele_input.length;i++){
                  ele_input[i].checked=""
              }
        };
    
        ele_reverse.onclick=function () {
             for(var i=0;i<ele_input.length;i++){
                 var ele=ele_input[i];
                  if(ele.checked){
                      ele.checked=""
                  }
                  else {
                      ele.checked="checked"
                  }
              }
        };
    
    
    //    方式2
    
        var eles_button=document.getElementsByTagName("button");
        var ele_input=document.getElementsByClassName("check");
        for (var i=0;i<eles_button.length;i++){
           eles_button[i].onclick=function () {
               if(this.innerHTML=="全选"){
                 for(var i=0;i<ele_input.length;i++){
                 ele_input[i].checked="checked"
                  }
               }
    
               else if (this.innerHTML=="取消"){
                            ....
               }
    
               else {
                            ....
               }
    
           }
        }
        
        
    </script>
    </body>
    </html>
    View Code

     8、onchange 事件

    域的内容被改变。 应用场景:通常用于表单元素,当元素内容被改变时触发.(三级联动)

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title>Title</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    
    <form action="">
    
    
        <select name="pro" id="s1">
            <option value="0">请输入省份</option>
            <option value="hebei">河北省</option>
            <option value="henan">河南省</option>
            <option value="beijing">北京省</option>
        </select>
        
        <select name="city" id="c1">
           <option value="0">请输入城市</option>
        </select>
        
    </form>
    
    <script>
    
        var data={"hebei":["保定","石家庄"],"henan":["郑州","开封"],"beijing":["朝阳","昌平"]};
    
        var select_province=document.getElementById("s1");
        var select_city=document.getElementById("c1");
    
        select_province.onchange=function () {
                // console.log(this.value);
                var province=this.value;
                var citys=data[province];
                // console.log(citys);
    
                // 清空操作
    //            console.log(select_city.options);
                select_city.children.length=1;   //保留一个
    
    //            select_city.children.length=0;   //全部清空
    //            select_city.options.length=0;    //等同上一个,全部清空
    
                for(var i=0;i<citys.length;i++){
                    var ele_option=document.createElement("option"); // <option></option>
                    ele_option.innerHTML=citys[i];  // <option>郑州</option>
                    ele_option.value=i+1;  // <option value=1>郑州</option>
                    select_city.appendChild(ele_option)
                }
        }
    </script>
    
    </body>
    </html>
    二级联动实例

     9、onmouseleave 与onmouseout

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title>Title</title>
    
        <style>
            
            .title{
                background-color: goldenrod;
                line-height: 30px;
            }
            .item{
                line-height: 20px;
                background-color: #cccccc;
    
            }
    
            .hide{
                 display: none;
            }
    
    
        </style>
    </head>
    <body>
    
    <div class="box">
        <div class="title">onmouseover</div>
        <div class="con hide">
            <div class="item"><a href="">111</a></div>
            <div class="item"><a href="">222</a></div>
            <div class="item"><a href="">333</a></div>
    
        </div>
    </div>
    <script>
        
        var ele_title=document.getElementsByClassName("title")[0];
        var ele_box=document.getElementsByClassName("box")[0];
    
        ele_title.onmouseover=function () {
            this.nextElementSibling.classList.remove("hide")
        };
        ele_box.onmouseleave=function () {
            ele_title.nextElementSibling.classList.add("hide")
        }
    
    // onmouseout   1.不论鼠标指针离开被选元素还是任何子元素,都会触发 mouseout 事件。
    
    // onmouseleave 2.只有在鼠标指针离开被选元素时,才会触发 mouseleave 事件。
    
    </script>
    </body>
    </html>
    onmouseleave与onmouseout

     10、onselect 事件   , 文本被选中。

     11、事件委派

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title>Title</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    
    
    <ul>
        <li>111</li>
        <li>222</li>
        <li>333</li>
    
    </ul>
    
    <button>Add</button>
    
    <script>
    
    
        var eles_li=document.getElementsByTagName("li");
        var ele_btn=document.getElementsByTagName("button")[0];
        var ele_ul=document.getElementsByTagName("ul")[0];
    //   添加li
        ele_btn.onclick=function () {
            var ele_li=document.createElement("li");
            ele_li.innerHTML=444;
            ele_ul.appendChild(ele_li)
        };
    
    
    //         这种方式做出来的效果-- 新添加的标签不会alert文本
    //         绑定事件
    //    for(var i=0;i<eles_li.length;i++){
    //        eles_li[i].onclick=function () {
    //            alert(this.innerHTML)
    //        }
    //    }
    
    
        //解决方法
        // 事件委派   --从变化的标签开始往上找,直到找到不变化的标签,当作绑定事件(addEventListener)的标签(ele_ul)
    
        ele_ul.addEventListener("click",function (e) {
            console.log(e.target); // 标签
            console.log(e.target.tagName); // 标签名称
    
            if(e.target.tagName=="LI"){     //筛选想操作的标签
                console.log("OK")
            }
        })
    
    </script>
    </body>
    </html>
    View Code

     12、ondblclick 事件  当用户双击某个对象时调用的事件句柄。

     13、

      onkeydown 某个键盘按键被按下。 应用场景: 当用户在最后一个输入框按下回车按键时,表单提交.

      onkeypress 某个键盘按键被按下并松开。

      onkeyup 某个键盘按键被松开。

     14、

      onmousedown    鼠标按钮被按下。
      onmousemove    鼠标被移动。
      onmouseout     鼠标从某元素移开。
      onmouseover    鼠标移到某元素之上。
      onmouseleave   鼠标从元素离开

     二、实例练习

    1 左侧菜单

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title>Title</title>
        <style>
            *{
                margin: 0;
                padding: 0;
            }
              .left{
                   20%;
                  height: 500px;
                  float: left;
                  background-color: wheat;
              }
    
              .right{
                  float: left;
                   80%;
                  height: 500px;
                  background-color: lightgray;
    
              }
    
               .title{
                   text-align: center;
                   line-height: 40px;
                   background-color: #0e90d2;
                   color: white;
               }
            .item{
                padding: 10px;
            }
    
            .hide{
                display: none;
            }
        </style>
    </head>
    <body>
    
    
    
    <div class="outer">
          <div class="left">
               <div class="item">
                   <div class="title">菜单一</div>
                   <ul class="con">
                       <li>111</li>
                       <li>111</li>
                       <li>111</li>
                   </ul>
               </div>
              <div class="item">
                   <div class="title">菜单二</div>
                   <ul class="con hide">
                       <li>222</li>
                       <li>222</li>
                       <li>222</li>
                   </ul>
               </div>
              <div class="item">
                   <div class="title">菜单三</div>
                   <ul class="con hide">
                       <li>333</li>
                       <li>333</li>
                       <li>333</li>
                   </ul>
               </div>
          </div>
          <div class="right"></div>
    </div>
    
    
    <script>
    
        var eles_title=document.getElementsByClassName("title");
    
    
    
        for (var i=0;i<eles_title.length;i++){
             eles_title[i].onclick=function(){
    
                 this.nextElementSibling.classList.remove("hide");
    
                 for(var j=0;j<eles_title.length;j++){
    
                     if (eles_title[j]!=this){
                         eles_title[j].nextElementSibling.classList.add("hide")
                     }
    
                 }
    
    
             }
    
        }
    
    
    
    
    </script>
    </body>
    </html>
    View Code

    2 搜索框

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title>Title</title>
    
    
    <script>
    
    function Focus(){
    
        var input=document.getElementById("ID1");
        if (input.value=="请输入用户名"){
            input.value="";
        }
    
    }
    
    function Blurs(){
    
        var ele=document.getElementById("ID1");
        var val=ele.value;
        if(!val.trim()){
    
            ele.value="请输入用户名";
        }
    }
    
    </script>
    </head>
    <body>
        <input id="ID1" type="text" value="请输入用户名" onblur="Blurs()" onfocus="Focus()">
    </body>
    </html>
    View Code

    3 模态对话框

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title>Title</title>
        <style>
            .back{
                background-color: white;
                height: 2000px;
            }
    
            .shade{
                position: fixed;
                top: 0;
                bottom: 0;
                left:0;
                right: 0;
                background-color: grey;
                opacity: 0.4;
            }
    
            .hide{
                display: none;
            }
    
            .models{
                position: fixed;
                top: 50%;
                left: 50%;
                margin-left: -100px;
                margin-top: -100px;
                height: 200px;
                 200px;
                background-color: wheat;
    
            }
        </style>
    </head>
    <body>
    <div class="back">
        <input class="c" type="button" value="click">
    </div>
    
    <div class="shade hide handles"></div>
    
    <div class="models hide handles">
        <input class="c" type="button" value="cancel">
    </div>
    
    
    <script>
    
    
        var eles=document.getElementsByClassName("c");
        var handles=document.getElementsByClassName("handles");
        for(var i=0;i<eles.length;i++){
            eles[i].onclick=function(){
    
                if(this.value=="click"){
    
                    for(var j=0;j<handles.length;j++){
    
                        handles[j].classList.remove("hide");
    
                     }
    
                }
                else {
                    for(var j=0;j<handles.length;j++){
    
                        handles[j].classList.add("hide");
                    }
    
                }
            }
        }
    
    </script>
    
    </body>
    </html>
    View Code

    4 表格案例

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title>Title</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    
    <button class="select_all">全选</button>
    <button class="select_reverse">反选</button>
    <button class="cancel">取消</button>
    
    <hr>
    
    <table class="server_table" border="2px" cellspacing="2px">
        <tr>
            <td><input type="checkbox" class="item"></td>
            <td>111</td>
            <td>111</td>
            <td>111</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td><input type="checkbox" class="item"></td>
            <td>222</td>
            <td>222</td>
            <td>222</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td><input type="checkbox" class="item"></td>
            <td>333</td>
            <td>333</td>
            <td>333</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td><input type="checkbox" class="item"></td>
            <td>444</td>
            <td>444</td>
            <td>444</td>
        </tr>
    </table>
    
    
    <script>
    /*
        var ele_all=document.getElementsByClassName("select_all")[0];
        var ele_reverse=document.getElementsByClassName("select_reverse")[0];
        var ele_cancel=document.getElementsByClassName("cancel")[0];
        var input_arr=document.getElementsByClassName("item");
    
        ele_all.onclick=function(){
              for(var i=0;i<input_arr.length;i++){
                  console.log(input_arr[i]);
                  var input=input_arr[i];
                  input.checked=true;
              }
        };
    
         ele_cancel.onclick=function(){
              for(var i=0;i<input_arr.length;i++){
                  console.log(input_arr[i]);
                  var input=input_arr[i];
                  input.checked=false;
              }
        };
    
        ele_reverse.onclick=function(){
              for(var i=0;i<input_arr.length;i++){
                  console.log(input_arr[i]);
                  var input=input_arr[i];
                  if(input.checked){
                      input.checked=false;
                  }
                  else{
                      input.checked=true;
                  }
              }
        };
    
    */
    
    
        var input_arr=document.getElementsByClassName("item");
        var button_arr=document.getElementsByTagName("button");
    
        for(var i=0;i<button_arr.length;i++){
    
            button_arr[i].onclick=function(){
    
    
                for (var j=0;j<input_arr.length;j++){
                     var inp=input_arr[j]
                     if(this.innerText=="全选"){
                         console.log("ok");
                     inp.checked=true;
                 }
                else if(this.innerText=="取消"){
                      inp.checked=false;
                 }
                else {
                     if(inp.checked){
                         inp.checked=false;
                     }else {
                         inp.checked=true;
                     }
                 }
                    
                }
            }
    
        }
    </script>
    </body>
    </html>
    View Code

    5 select移动

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title>Title</title>
    
        <style>
            .outer{
                margin: 0 auto;
                background-color: darkgray;
                 80%;
                height: 600px;margin-top: 30px;
                word-spacing: -5px;
    
            }
    
            #left{
                display: inline-block;
                 100px ;
                height: 140px;
                background-color: wheat;
                text-align: center;
    
    
            }
    
            #choice{
                display: inline-block;
                height: 140px;
                background-color: darkolivegreen;
    
                vertical-align: top;
                padding:0 5px;
    
    
            }
    
            #choice button{
                margin-top: 20px;
            }
    
             #right{
                display: inline-block;
                 100px ;
                height: 140px;
                background-color: wheat;
                text-align: center;
                line-height: 140px;
    
            }
    
        </style>
    </head>
    <body>
    
    
    
    <div class="outer">
    
        <select multiple="multiple" size="5" id="left">
        <option>红楼梦</option>
        <option>西游记</option>
        <option>水浒传</option>
        <option>JinPingMei</option>
        <option>三国演义</option>
    </select>
    
    
    
    
    <span id="choice">
        <button id="choose_move"> > </button><br>
        <button id="all_move"> >> </button>
    </span>
    
    
    
    <select multiple="multiple" size="10" id="right">
        <option>放风筝的人</option>
    </select>
    
    
    </div>
    
    
    
    
    <script>
    
        var choose_move=document.getElementById("choose_move");
        var all_move=document.getElementById("all_move");
    
        var right=document.getElementById("right");
        var left=document.getElementById("left");
        var options=left.options;
    
    
    
        choose_move.onclick=function(){
    
            for (var i=0; i<options.length;i++){
    
                 var option=options[i];
                 if(option.selected==true){
    
                       // var news=option.cloneNode(true);
                       // console.log(news);
    
                       right.appendChild(option);
                       i--;
                 }
             }
        };
    
        all_move.onclick=function(){
    
            for (var i=0; i<options.length;i++){
    
                 var option=options[i];
    
                       right.appendChild(option);
                       i--;
    
             };
        };
    
    
    
    
        /*
       var buttons=document.getElementsByTagName("button");
       for(var i=0;i<buttons.length;i++) {
            buttons[i].onclick = function () {
    
                for (var i = 0; i < options.length; i++) {
    
                    var option = options[i];
    
                    if (this.innerText == ">") {
                        if (option.selected == true) {
    
                            // var news=option.cloneNode(true);
                            // console.log(news);
    
                            right.appendChild(option);
                            i--;
                        }
                    } else {
                        right.appendChild(option);
                        i--;
                    }
                }
            };
        }
    
    
       */
    
    
    </script>
    
    
    </body>
    </html>
    View Code

    6 二级联动

    <select id="province">
        <option>请选择省:</option>
    </select>
    
    <select id="city">
        <option>请选择市:</option>
    </select>
    
    
    <script>
        data={"河北省":["廊坊","邯郸"],"北京":["朝阳区","海淀区"]};
    
    
          var p=document.getElementById("province");
          var c=document.getElementById("city");
        
        for(var i in data){
            var option_pro=document.createElement("option");
    
            option_pro.innerHTML=i;
    
            p.appendChild(option_pro);
        }
         p.onchange=function(){
    
                pro=(this.options[this.selectedIndex]).innerHTML;
                citys=data[pro];
    
             c.options.length=0;
    
             for (var i in citys){
                 var option_city=document.createElement("option");
                 option_city.innerHTML=citys[i];
                 c.appendChild(option_city);
             }
    
            }
    </script>
    View Code

    7 跑马灯与tab切换

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
      <meta charset="UTF-8">
      <title>tab</title>
      <style>
        *{margin:0; padding:0; list-style:none;}
        body{
            font-family: "Helvetica Neue", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "9ED14F53", Arial, sans-serif;
        }
        h3{
            text-align: center;
            color:darkcyan;
            margin-top: 30px;
            letter-spacing: 5px;
        }
        .box{
           1000px;
          margin:50px auto 0px;
        }
        #title{
          line-height: 40px;
          background-color: rgb(247,247,247);
          font-size: 16px;
          font-weight: bold;
          color: rgb(102,102,102);
        }
        #title span{
          float: left;
           166px;
          text-align: center;
        }
        #title span:hover{
          /*color: black;*/
          cursor: pointer;
        }
        #content{
          margin-top: 20px;
        }
        #content li{
           1050px;
          display: none;
          background-color: rgb(247,247,247);
        }
        #content li div{
           156px;
          margin-right: 14px;
          float: left;
          text-align: center;
        }
        #content li div a{
          font-size: 14px;
          color: black;
          line-height: 14px;
        /*  float: left;*/
        display: inline-block;
          margin-top: 10px;
        }
        #content li a:hover{
          color: #B70606;
        }
        #content li div span{
            font-size: 16px;
            line-height: 16px;
            /*float: left;*/
            display: block;
            color: rgb(102,102,102);
            margin-top: 10px;
          }
        #content img{
          float: left;
           155px;
          height: 250px;
        }
        #title .select{
          background-color: #2459a2;
          color: white;
            border-radius: 10%;
        }
        #content .show{
          display: block;
        }
    
        .show span{
            color: red!important;
            font-size: 30px;
        }
      </style>
    </head>
    
    <body>
        <h3 id="wel">京东商城欢迎您</h3>
        <!--  direction="right up down left" -->
    <!--  behavior:滚动方式(包括3个值:scroll、slide、alternate) -->
    <!--  说明:scroll:循环滚动,默认效果;slide:只滚动一次就停止;alternate:来回交替进行滚动。 -->
    <!--  scrollamount="5" 滚动速度 -->
    
    <marquee behavior="scroll" direction="right">欢迎您苑昊先生</marquee>
        <script>
    
        function test(){
    
            var mywel = document.getElementById("wel");
            var content = mywel.innerText;
    
            var f_content = content.charAt(0);
            var l_content = content.substring(1,content.length);
    
            var new_content = l_content + f_content;
            mywel.innerText = new_content;
    
        }
    
        // setInterval("test();", 500);
    </script>
        <div class="box">
          <p id="title">
            <span class="select">家用电器</span>
            <span>家具</span>
            <span>汽车</span>
            <span>食品</span>
            <span>女鞋</span>
            <span>医疗保健</span>
          </p>
    
          <ul id="content">
            <li class="show">
    
              <div><img src="https://img10.360buyimg.com/n1/s450x450_jfs/t4786/325/2470647304/119102/9e1a4ed5/59005841Nd786a8df.jpg" alt="冰箱"><a href="#">容声(Ronshen)冰箱</a><span>价格:5600</span></div>
              <div><img src="https://img12.360buyimg.com/n1/s450x450_jfs/t3037/347/1290968859/201366/7c1028a0/57c00194N9d0a54c6.jpg" alt="洗衣机"><a href="#">海尔洗衣机</a><span>价格:5400</span></div>
              <div><img src="https://img11.360buyimg.com/n1/jfs/t3289/128/2393835119/236360/af1d283b/57e0f300N53dde603.jpg" alt="电饭煲"><a href="#">福库(CUCKOO)电饭煲</a><span>价格:3999</span></div>
              <div><img src="https://img13.360buyimg.com/n1/jfs/t3235/137/2361713777/152258/a6908440/57e098c2N44a90a5d.jpg" alt="智能电视"><a href="#">三星智能电视</a><span>价格:8999</span></div>
              <div><img src="https://img10.360buyimg.com/n1/jfs/t2053/101/1391591157/215066/572e131b/5696ee9bN2376492d.jpg" alt="净水器"><a href="#">净水器</a><span>价格:1300</span></div>
              <div><img src="https://img14.360buyimg.com/n1/jfs/t3175/78/2357430273/262835/9a8e7f65/57e0a3e9Nbda39dd2.jpg" alt="空气净化器"><a href="#">空气净化器</a><span>价格:5300</span></div>
            </li>
    
            <li>
    
              <div><img src="https://img12.360buyimg.com/n1/jfs/t1948/172/2877517581/556924/682eb107/56f63dc8Naddf77e5.jpg" alt="沙发"><a href="#">沙发</a><span>价格:2900</span></div>
              <div><img src="https://img12.360buyimg.com/n1/jfs/t1948/172/2877517581/556924/682eb107/56f63dc8Naddf77e5.jpg" alt="沙发"><a href="#">沙发</a><span>价格:2900</span></div>
              <div><img src="https://img12.360buyimg.com/n1/jfs/t1948/172/2877517581/556924/682eb107/56f63dc8Naddf77e5.jpg" alt="沙发"><a href="#">沙发</a><span>价格:2900</span></div>
              <div><img src="https://img12.360buyimg.com/n1/jfs/t1948/172/2877517581/556924/682eb107/56f63dc8Naddf77e5.jpg" alt="沙发"><a href="#">沙发</a><span>价格:2900</span></div>
              <div><img src="https://img12.360buyimg.com/n1/jfs/t1948/172/2877517581/556924/682eb107/56f63dc8Naddf77e5.jpg" alt="沙发"><a href="#">沙发</a><span>价格:2900</span></div>
              <div><img src="https://img12.360buyimg.com/n1/jfs/t1948/172/2877517581/556924/682eb107/56f63dc8Naddf77e5.jpg" alt="沙发"><a href="#">沙发</a><span>价格:2900</span></div>
    
            </li>
            <li>
              <div><img src="http://img11.360buyimg.com/n1/jfs/t4969/76/45396935/144539/347153d4/58d9cff4N36872ad6.jpg" alt="长安汽车"><a href="#">长安汽车</a><span>价格:12900</span></div>
              <div><img src="http://img11.360buyimg.com/n1/jfs/t4969/76/45396935/144539/347153d4/58d9cff4N36872ad6.jpg" alt="长安汽车"><a href="#">长安汽车</a><span>价格:12900</span></div>
              <div><img src="http://img11.360buyimg.com/n1/jfs/t4969/76/45396935/144539/347153d4/58d9cff4N36872ad6.jpg" alt="长安汽车"><a href="#">长安汽车</a><span>价格:12900</span></div>
              <div><img src="http://img11.360buyimg.com/n1/jfs/t4969/76/45396935/144539/347153d4/58d9cff4N36872ad6.jpg" alt="长安汽车"><a href="#">长安汽车</a><span>价格:12900</span></div>
              <div><img src="http://img11.360buyimg.com/n1/jfs/t4969/76/45396935/144539/347153d4/58d9cff4N36872ad6.jpg" alt="长安汽车"><a href="#">长安汽车</a><span>价格:12900</span></div>
              <div><img src="http://img11.360buyimg.com/n1/jfs/t4969/76/45396935/144539/347153d4/58d9cff4N36872ad6.jpg" alt="长安汽车"><a href="#">长安汽车</a><span>价格:12900</span></div>
            </li>
            <li>
    
              <div><img src="https://img14.360buyimg.com/n1/jfs/t4414/110/2582917360/207971/b7e129ad/58f0ee1fN94425de1.jpg" alt="嘉兴粽子"><a href="#">嘉兴粽子</a><span>价格:1</span></div>
              <div><img src="https://img14.360buyimg.com/n1/jfs/t4414/110/2582917360/207971/b7e129ad/58f0ee1fN94425de1.jpg" alt="嘉兴粽子"><a href="#">嘉兴粽子</a><span>价格:1</span></div>
              <div><img src="https://img14.360buyimg.com/n1/jfs/t4414/110/2582917360/207971/b7e129ad/58f0ee1fN94425de1.jpg" alt="嘉兴粽子"><a href="#">嘉兴粽子</a><span>价格:1</span></div>
              <div><img src="https://img14.360buyimg.com/n1/jfs/t4414/110/2582917360/207971/b7e129ad/58f0ee1fN94425de1.jpg" alt="嘉兴粽子"><a href="#">嘉兴粽子</a><span>价格:1</span></div>
              <div><img src="https://img14.360buyimg.com/n1/jfs/t4414/110/2582917360/207971/b7e129ad/58f0ee1fN94425de1.jpg" alt="嘉兴粽子"><a href="#">嘉兴粽子</a><span>价格:1</span></div>
              <div><img src="https://img14.360buyimg.com/n1/jfs/t4414/110/2582917360/207971/b7e129ad/58f0ee1fN94425de1.jpg" alt="嘉兴粽子"><a href="#">嘉兴粽子</a><span>价格:1</span></div>
    
            </li>
            <li>
    
              <div><img src="https://img14.360buyimg.com/n1/jfs/t3079/298/5759209435/92674/14818594/587f1c33N53e5d2a9.jpg" alt="星期六"><a href="#">星期六</a><span>价格:439</span></div>
              <div><img src="https://img14.360buyimg.com/n1/jfs/t3079/298/5759209435/92674/14818594/587f1c33N53e5d2a9.jpg" alt="星期六"><a href="#">星期六</a><span>价格:439</span></div>
              <div><img src="https://img14.360buyimg.com/n1/jfs/t3079/298/5759209435/92674/14818594/587f1c33N53e5d2a9.jpg" alt="星期六"><a href="#">星期六</a><span>价格:439</span></div>
              <div><img src="https://img14.360buyimg.com/n1/jfs/t3079/298/5759209435/92674/14818594/587f1c33N53e5d2a9.jpg" alt="星期六"><a href="#">星期六</a><span>价格:439</span></div>
              <div><img src="https://img14.360buyimg.com/n1/jfs/t3079/298/5759209435/92674/14818594/587f1c33N53e5d2a9.jpg" alt="星期六"><a href="#">星期六</a><span>价格:439</span></div>
              <div><img src="https://img14.360buyimg.com/n1/jfs/t3079/298/5759209435/92674/14818594/587f1c33N53e5d2a9.jpg" alt="星期六"><a href="#">星期六</a><span>价格:439</span></div>
    
            </li>
            <li>
    
              <div><img src="https://img12.360buyimg.com/n1/jfs/t5755/127/1139389729/356866/99d4e869/5923e410Nb2983f70.jpg" alt="汇仁 肾宝片"><a href="#">汇仁 肾宝片</a><span>价格:322</span></div>
              <div><img src="https://img12.360buyimg.com/n1/jfs/t5755/127/1139389729/356866/99d4e869/5923e410Nb2983f70.jpg" alt="汇仁 肾宝片"><a href="#">汇仁 肾宝片</a><span>价格:322</span></div>
              <div><img src="https://img12.360buyimg.com/n1/jfs/t5755/127/1139389729/356866/99d4e869/5923e410Nb2983f70.jpg" alt="汇仁 肾宝片"><a href="#">汇仁 肾宝片</a><span>价格:322</span></div>
              <div><img src="https://img12.360buyimg.com/n1/jfs/t5755/127/1139389729/356866/99d4e869/5923e410Nb2983f70.jpg" alt="汇仁 肾宝片"><a href="#">汇仁 肾宝片</a><span>价格:322</span></div>
              <div><img src="https://img12.360buyimg.com/n1/jfs/t5755/127/1139389729/356866/99d4e869/5923e410Nb2983f70.jpg" alt="汇仁 肾宝片"><a href="#">汇仁 肾宝片</a><span>价格:322</span></div>
              <div><img src="https://img12.360buyimg.com/n1/jfs/t5755/127/1139389729/356866/99d4e869/5923e410Nb2983f70.jpg" alt="汇仁 肾宝片"><a href="#">汇仁 肾宝片</a><span>价格:322</span></div>
    
            </li>
    
    
          </ul>
        </div>
    
        <script>
          var title=document.getElementById('title');
          var content=document.getElementById('content');
          var category=title.getElementsByTagName('span');
          var item=content.getElementsByTagName('li');
    
          for (var i = 0; i < category.length; i++) {
    
              category[i].index=i;
    
              category[i].onclick=function(){
    
                for (var j = 0; j < category.length; j++) {
                  category[j].className='';
                  item[j].className='';
                }
                this.className='select';
                item[this.index].className='show';
              }
    
    
          }
    
        </script>
    </body>
    </html>
    View Code

    三、js的作用域

      作用域是JavaScript最重要的概念之一,想要学好JavaScript就需要理解JavaScript作用域和作用域链的工作原理。

    任何程序设计语言都有作用域的概念,简单的说,作用域就是变量与函数的可访问范围,即作用域控制着变量与函数的可见性和生命周期。在JavaScript中,变量的作用域有全局作用域和局部作用域两种。

    1. 全局作用域(Global Scope)

    在代码中任何地方都能访问到的对象拥有全局作用域,一般来说一下几种情形拥有全局作用域:

    (1)最外层函数和在最外层函数外面定义的变量拥有全局作用域

    var name="yuan";
    
        function foo(){
            var age=23;
            function inner(){
                console.log(age);
            }
    
            inner();
        }
    
        console.log(name);    // yuan
        //console.log(age);   // Uncaught ReferenceError: age is not defined
        foo();                // 23
        inner();              // Uncaught ReferenceError: inner is not defined

    (2)所有末定义直接赋值的变量自动声明为拥有全局作用域,例如:

    var name="yuan";
    
        function foo(){
            age=23;
    
            var sex="male"
        }
        foo();
        console.log(age);   //  23
        console.log(sex);   // sex is not defined

    变量blog拥有全局作用域,而sex在函数外部无法访问到。

     2. 局部作用域(Local Scope)

      和全局作用域相反,局部作用域一般只在固定的代码片段内可访问到,最常见的例如函数内部,所有在一些地方也会看到有人把这种作用域成为函数作用域.

    如示例1中的age与inner都只有局部作用域。(js中if、for没有自己的作用域)

    3.作用域链(Scope Chain)

      在JavaScript中,函数也是对象,实际上,JavaScript里一切都是对象。函数对象和其它对象一样,拥有可以通过代码访问的属性和一系列仅供JavaScript引擎访问的内部属性。其中一个内部属性是[[Scope]],由ECMA-262标准第三版定义,该内部属性包含了函数被创建的作用域中对象的集合,这个集合被称为函数的作用域链,它决定了哪些数据能被函数访问。

      1.示例演示

    //-----**********************例1*********************************
    
    var s=12;
        function f(){
            console.log(s);
             var s=12;          // if s=12
            console.log(s)
        }
        f();
    
    //-----**********************例2*********************************
    
    var s=10;
    function foo(){
      console.log(s);
      var s=5;
      console.log(s);
      function s(){console.log("ok")}// 函数的定于或声明是在词法分析时完成的,执行时已不再有任何操作
    
      console.log(s);
    }
    
    foo();
    
    //-----***********************例3********************************
    
    function bar(age) {
    
            console.log(age);
            var age = 99;
            var sex= 'male';
            console.log(age);
            function age() {
                alert(123)
            };
            console.log(age);
            return 100;
    }
    
    result=bar(5);
    
    //-----********************************************************

      2.结果分析

    接下来我们就以最复杂的例3来分析整个过程。

    function bar(age) {
    
            console.log(age);
            var age = 99;
            var sex="male";
            console.log(age);
            function age(){
                alert(123);
            } ;
            console.log(age);
            return 100;
    }
    
    result=bar(5);
    
    一 词法分析过程(涉及参数,局部变量声明,函数声明表达式):
        1-1 、分析参数,有一个参数,形成一个 AO.age=undefine;
        1-2 、接收参数 AO.age=5;
        1-3 、分析变量声明,有一个 var age, 发现 AO 上面有一个 AO.age ,则不做任何处理
        1-4 、分析变量声明,有一个 var sex,形成一个 AO.sex=undefine;
        1-5 、分析函数声明,有一个 function age(){} 声明, 则把原有的 age 覆盖成 AO.age=function(){};
    二 执行过程:
        2-1 、执行第一个 console.log(age) 时,当前的 AO.age 是一个函数,所以输出的一个函数
        2-2 、这句 var age=99; 是对不 AO.age 的属性赋值, AO.age=99 ,所以在第二个输出的age是 99;
        2-3 、同理第三个输出的是 99, 因为中间没有改变 age 值的语句了。
    
              注意:执行阶段:
                            function age(){
                                alert(123)
                            } ;
    
                不进行任何操作,将执行语句复制给age这部操作是在词法分析时,即运行前完成的。
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/liuwei0824/p/7597091.html
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